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System-wide analysis of Dhx36 function in skeletal muscle satellite cells reveals its binding with 5’UTR G4 structure to promote Gnai2 RNA translation [Polysome profiling]

ABSTRACT: In this study, we deciphered the functions of Dhx36 and related molecular mechanisms in muscle stem cells and muscle regeneration. We found Dhx36 was highly induced in activated muscle stem cells during regeneration induced by injury. Conditional inactivation of Dhx36 in mouse muscle stem cells caused significant impaired regeneration, which was due to the dramatically decreased cell proliferation. Dhx36 was a well-known RNA helicase for binding/unwinding DNA/RNA G-quadruplexes and it was dominantly expressed in cytoplasm of proliferating myoblast. To examine whether Dhx36 regulates translation process, we conducted polysome profiling followed by RNA-seq in WT and Dhx36 KO myoblast cells.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE151123 | GEO | 2021/04/27

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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System-wide analysis of Dhx36 function in skeletal muscle satellite cells reveals its binding with 5’UTR G4 structure to promote Gnai2 RNA translation

Project description:In this study, we deciphered the functions of Dhx36 and related molecular mechanisms in muscle stem cells and muscle regeneration. We found Dhx36 was highly induced in activated muscle stem cells during regeneration induced by injury. Conditional inactivation of Dhx36 in mouse muscle stem cells caused significant impaired regeneration, which was due to the dramatically decreased cell proliferation. Dhx36 was a well-known RNA helicase for binding/unwinding DNA/RNA G-quadruplexes and it was dominantly expressed in cytoplasm of proliferating myoblast. CLIP-seq was conducted to identify the mRNAs interacting with Dhx36 in myoblast cells. To examine whether Dhx36 regulates translation process, we also conducted polysome profiling followed by RNA-seq in WT and Dhx36 KO myoblast cells. This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2021-04-27 | GSE151124 | GEO

System-wide analysis of Dhx36 function in skeletal muscle satellite cells reveals its binding with 5’UTR G4 structure to promote Gnai2 RNA translation [CLIP-seq]

Project description:In this study, we deciphered the functions of Dhx36 and related molecular mechanisms in muscle stem cells and muscle regeneration. We found Dhx36 was highly induced in activated muscle stem cells during regeneration induced by injury. Conditional inactivation of Dhx36 in mouse muscle stem cells caused significant impaired regeneration, which was due to the dramatically decreased cell proliferation. Dhx36 was a well-known RNA helicase for binding/unbinding DNA/RNA G-quadruplexes and it was dominantly expressed in cytoplasm of proliferating myoblast. Therefore CLIP-seq was conducted to identify the mRNAs interacting with Dhx36 in myoblast cells.

2021-04-27 | GSE151122 | GEO

Lockd promotes myoblast proliferation and skeletal muscle regeneration through binding with DHX36 to facilitate unwinding of 5’UTR rG4 and translation of Anp32e mRNA

Project description:Adult muscle stem cells, also known as satellite cells (SCs) play pivotal roles in injury induced muscle regeneration and our knowledge of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) functions in SCs remains limited. Here we identify a lncRNA, Lockd which is induced in activated SCs upon acute muscle injury. We demonstrate that Lockd promotes SC proliferation; deletion of Lockd leads to cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase. Consistently, in vivo repression of Lockd in mouse muscles hinders muscle regeneration process. Mechanistically, we uncover that Lockd lncRNA molecule directly interacts with an RNA helicase DHX36; structural probing further shows that the 5’end of the Lockd possesses the strongest binding activity with DHX36 protein. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Lockd stabilizes the interaction between DHX36 and EIF3B proteins; and synergistically this complex unwinds the RNA G-quadruplex (rG4) structure formed at the 5’UTR of Anp32e mRNA and promotes the translation of ANP32E protein which is required for myoblast cell proliferation. Altogether, our findings thus identify a regulatory circuitry consisting of Lockd/DHX36/Anp32e that functions to promote myoblast proliferation, thus enabling the acute injury induced muscle regeneration to progress.

2022-05-24 | PXD033658 | iProX

SMaRT lncRNA controls translation of a G-quadruplex containing mRNA antagonizing the DHX36 helicase

Project description:Guanine-quadruplexes (G4) present in RNA and DNA exert a number of different functions in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. However, the molecular mechanisms of G4-mediated regulation are still poorly understood. We describe a regulatory circuitry operating in the early phases of muscle differentiation in which a long non coding RNA (SMaRT) base pairs with a G4-containing mRNA (Mlx-g) and represses its translation in an antagonistic way with the RNA helicase DHX36. MLX-g is required to allow the nuclear translocation of the MLX-a and b dimerization partners and to control proper myogenesis. We show that by controlling MLX-g, lnc-SMaRT is able to regulate the overall quantity of nuclear MLX proteins and their transcriptional output. Therefore, the circuitry composed by lnc-SMaRT, Mlx-g and Dhx36 not only plays an important role in the control of myogenesis but unravels a molecular mechanism where G4 structures and G4 unwinding activities are controlled in vivo.

2020-03-18 | GSE128486 | GEO

Lockd promotes myoblast proliferation and skeletal muscle regeneration through binding with Dhx36 to facilitate unwinding of 5’UTR rG4 and translation of Anp32e mRNA

Project description:Lockd promotes myoblast proliferation and skeletal muscle regeneration through binding with Dhx36 to facilitate unwinding of 5’UTR rG4 and translation of Anp32e mRNA

| PRJNA805521 | ENA

lncSMaRT translational regulation of Spire1, a new player in muscle differentiation

Project description:Total RNA of DHX36 RIP experiment in Human differentiating myoblasts at DM1 was extracted and subjected to unstranded paired end library prep and sequencing. DHX36 is an ATP-dependent helicase of the DEAH family that is known to be involved in unwinding of G-Quadruplex structures, regulating mRNA metabolism and translation. We demonstrated that mouse DHX36 and the lncRNA lnc-SMaRT are involved in muscle differentiation by translationally regulating G-Quadruplex containing mRNAs (Mlx and Spire1). Here, we characterize the human DHX36 interactome in differentiating myoblasts in order to find out a lnc-SMaRT analogous gene.

2022-04-14 | GSE181308 | GEO

DNA/RNA helicase DHX36 is required for late stages of spermatogenesis

Project description:Spermatogenesis is a highly complex developmental process that typically consists of mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis. DNA/RNA helicase DHX36, a unique guanine-quadruplex (G4) resolvase, play crucial roles in a variety of biological processes. We previously showed that DHX36 is highly expressed in male germ cells with the highest level in zygotene spermatocytes. Here, we delete Dhx36 in advanced germ cells with Stra8-GFPCre, and found that a Dhx36 deficiency in the differentiated spermatogonia leads to meiotic defects and abnormal spermiogenesis. These defects in late stages of spermatogenesis arise from dysregulated transcription of G4-harboring genes, which are required for meiosis. Thus, this study reveals that Dhx36 play crucial roles in the late stages of spermatogenesis.

2022-11-24 | GSE218477 | GEO

DHX36 resolves G-rich structures in mRNA untranslated region to allow their translation [PAR-CLIP-seq]

Project description:DHX36 is a ATP-dependent, 3´-5´ RNA helicase of the DEAH family. Previous publications reported this helicase to associate with AU-rich elements and to specifically unwind G-quadruplex structures. Here, we performed PAR-CLIP in duplicates to specifically crosslink DHX36 and helicase-dead DHX36 E335A to its RNA binding targets in HEK293 cells. After sequencing and mapping to the human genome at nucleotide-resolution level we combined sequencing reads to a total of over 60000 binding clusters on more than 9000 transcripts. Distribution analyses revealed that DHX36 binds mainly to CDSs and 3´UTRS of mRNAs. Also, a G-rich binding motif for DHX36 was identified.

2019-07-01 | GSE105171 | GEO

Multistep mechanism of G-quadruplex resolution during DNA replication

Project description:G-quadruplex (or G4) structures are non-canonical DNA structures that form in guanine-rich sequences and threaten genome stability when not properly resolved. G4 unwinding occurs during S phase via an unknown mechanism. Using Xenopus egg extracts, we define a three-step G4 unwinding mechanism that acts during DNA replication. First, the replicative helicase (CMG) stalls at a leading strand G4 structure. Second, the DHX36 helicase mediates the bypass of the CMG past the intact G4 structure, which allows approach of the leading strand to the G4. Third, G4 structure unwinding by the FANCJ helicase enables the DNA polymerase to synthesize past the G4 motif. A G4 on the lagging strand template does not stall CMG, but still requires active DNA replication for unwinding. DHX36 and FANCJ have partially redundant roles, conferring robustness to this pathway. Our data reveal a novel genome maintenance pathway that promotes faithful G4 replication thereby avoiding genome instability.

2022-02-17 | PXD027623 | Pride

Circadian phase-dependent myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration

Project description:Circadian rhythms regulate cell differentiation and tissue regeneration; however, their implications in tissue regeneration remain elusive. Here, we present evidence that tissue regeneration efficiency is dependent on the circadian timing of injury affliction in a mouse model of muscle injury. We found that depletion of Per1 or Per2, members of the core circadian regulators in vertebrates, impaired mouse muscle regeneration and myoblast differentiation. Both Per1 and Per2 were necessary to maintain the expression level of Igf2, one of the critical regulators for myoblast differentiation, through epigenetic regulation at the Igf2 promoter and enhancer. Reflecting this, myoblast differentiation was promoted when differentiation was initiated while the level of Pers and Igf2 were high, compared with the time when their expression levels were low. Furthermore, muscle regeneration in the mouse was more efficient when chemical injury was inflicted at night when Pers were highly expressed, compared with morning injury. This study uncovers circadian timing-based control of myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration.

2021-04-27 | GSE150785 | GEO

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