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Analysis of fetal livers from male mice after protein-restricted diet in mothers

ABSTRACT: Prenatal nutrition as influenced by nutritional status of the mother has been identified as a determinant of adult disease. Feeding low-protein diets during pregnancy in rodents is a well-established model to induce “programming” events in offspring. We hypothesized that protein restriction would influence fetal lipid metabolism by inducing epigenetic adaptations. Methodology/Principal Findings: Pregnant C57BL/6J OlaHsd mice were exposed to a protein restriction protocol (9% vs. 18% casein). Shortly before birth, dams and fetuses were sacrificed. To identify putative epigenetic changes, CpG island methylation microarrays were performed on DNA isolated from fetal livers.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE15280 | GEO | 2009/11/03

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA116505

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Analysis of fetal livers from male mice after protein-restricted diet in mothers

Project description:Prenatal nutrition as influenced by nutritional status of the mother has been identified as a determinant of adult disease. Feeding low-protein diets during pregnancy in rodents is a well-established model to induce “programming” events in offspring. We hypothesized that protein restriction would influence fetal lipid metabolism by inducing epigenetic adaptations. Methodology/Principal Findings: Pregnant C57BL/6J OlaHsd mice were exposed to a protein restriction protocol (9% vs. 18% casein). Shortly before birth, dams and fetuses were sacrificed. To identify putative epigenetic changes, CpG island methylation microarrays were performed on DNA isolated from fetal livers. 10 fetal livers: 5 mice from protein-restriction group (mice 1-5, labeled with alexa 647) and 5 mice from control group (mice 6-10, labeled with alexa 555). 5 arrays were used for the mice combinations 1/6, 2/7, 3/8, 4/9, 5/10. All arrays were run at the UHN Microarray Centre, Toronto.

2009-11-02 | E-GEOD-15280 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Mouse gestational protein restriction: Newborn offspring liver and hindleg muscle

Project description:Gestational protein restriction is a model for low birth size. We hypothesized that taurine supplementation would protect against changes in newborn liver and muscle caused by a maternal low protein diet. Pregnant mouse dams were subjected to different diet schemes from day 1 of pregnancy until birth. Pups were killed following birth and liver and hindleg skeletal muscle taken out and frozen at -80C until analysis. Diet schemes: Normal Protein (20% casein; NP), Normal Protein + taurine (1% taurine supplementation in water ad libitum; NP+tau), Low Protein (8% casein; LP) and LP+tau The liver and muscle samples were normalized separately.

2009-11-07 | E-GEOD-12730 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gestational taurine supplementation of mice: effect on offspring gene expression in liver and skeletal muscle

Project description:Taurine is known to be important for fetal well being and to be able to prevent effects of a low birthweight phenotype when supplemented to pregnant dams. We hypothesized that gestational taurine supplementation would affect gene expression level in 4w offspring liver and skeletal muscle. Pregnant mouse dams were subjected to different diet schemes from day 1 of pregnancy until birth. Pups were killed at 4 weeks of age and liver and quadriceps skeletal muscle taken out and frozen at -80C until analysis. Diet schemes: Normal Protein (20% casein; NP), Normal Protein + taurine (1% taurine supplementation in water ad libitum; NP+tau). The liver and muscle samples were normalized separately.

2010-12-01 | E-GEOD-20577 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Expression profile of rat kidney of fetuses with 19 days of gestation under chronic rotation of the photoperiod.

Project description:Previously, we reported that of pregnant dams rats exposure to continues light and rotation of photoperiod have detrimental effects on the mother, fetus and adult offspring, with changes in the expression profile of fetal heart and liver. We investigated whether the chronic rotation of the photoperiod (CPS) during gestation can modify the fetal kidney expression profile at gestational day 19 by Affymetrix microarray analysis.

2019-06-06 | GSE130744 | GEO

Restricted Feeding Reveals Maternal Entrainment of Weak Circadian Oscillators in Fetal Mouse Livers

Project description:Although circadian clocks oscillate in most cells, it has been difficult to detect canonical expression of clock genes in fetal rodent tissues, including the fetal liver. The oscillation status of fetal clocks and the maternal influence on these clocks have not yet been conclusively defined. Here we report that, when the mother mice are under restricted feeding, the expression rhythms of several clock genes can be detected in fetal mouse livers. Those rhythms, although of low amplitude, reversed their profiles under opposite feeding cycles, suggesting maternal entrainment of the weak fetal liver clocks. However, Bmal1 could show biphasic expression in the fetal livers. The expression of some metabolic genes (e.g. Insig1) also showed biphasic daily changes in fetal livers, possibly as a result of interactions between the unique in utero milieu and the fetal liver clocks. Regular rhythms of clock gene expression were detected in dissociated fetal hepatocytes in culture. Differential expression of metabolic genes were found between fetal and adult livers, suggesting that metabolic features affected clock amplitude. Genome-wide differences in DNA methylation were also found between adult and fetal livers. Some of those epigenetic changes were likely critical for the developmental changes in clock amplitudes.

2015-04-01 | GSE50034 | GEO

Transgenerational transcriptomic and DNA methylome profiling of mouse fetal testicular germline and somatic cells after exposure of pregnant mothers to tributyltin, a potent obesogen

Project description:Obesogens such as tributyltin (TBT) are xenobiotic compounds that promote obesity, in part by distorting the normal balance of lipid metabolism. The obesogenic effects of TBT can be observed in directly exposed (F1 and F2 generations) and also subsequent generations (F3 and beyond) that were never exposed. To address the effects of TBT exposure on germ cells, we exposed pregnant transgenic OG2 mouse dams (F0), which specifically express EGFP in germline cells, to an environmentally relevant dose of TBT throughout gestation through drinking water. When fed with a high fat diet (HFD), F3 male offspring of TBT-exposed F0 dams (TBT-F3) accumulated much more body fat than did Control-F3 males. TBT-F3 males also lost more body fluid and lean compositions than did Control-F3 males. Expression of genes involved in transcriptional regulation or mesenchymal differ-entiation was upregulated in somatic cells of TBT-F1 (but not TBT-F3) E18.5 fetal testes, and promoter-associated CpG islands were hyper-methylated in TBT-F1 somatic cells. Global mRNA expression of protein-coding genes in F1 or F3 fetal testicular cells was unaffected by F0 exposure to TBT; however, expression of a subset of endogenous retroviruses was significantly affected in F1 and F3. We infer that TBT may directly target testicular somatic cells in F1 testes to irreversibly affect epigenetic suppression of endogenous retroviruses in both germline and somatic cells.

2022-03-02 | GSE191199 | GEO

Sex-Dependent Programming of Glucose and Fatty Acid Metabolism in Mouse Offspring by Maternal Protein Restriction

Project description:Analysis of glucose and Lipid metabolism in male and female offspring after protein restriction of the mother Male offspring showed features of metabolic syndrome after receiving a high fat diet, regardless of the diet of the dam. Glucose and lipid metabolism in male offspring was unaltered. Insulin sensitivity and hepatic fatty acid storage in female offspring of low-protein-fed dams changed in such a way that it resembled the male pattern of insulin sensitivity and hepatic fatty acid storage. Microarray analysis on hepatic gene expression patterns confirmed these findings. We therefore conclude that in mice, maternal protein restriction does not change the response of glucose and fatty acid metabolism to a high fat diet in male offspring, but does program metabolism in female offspring in such a way that it resembles male metabolism. Our findings might have implications for potential future gender-specific treatment of the features of metabolic diseases.

2012-02-08 | GSE15940 | GEO

A Maternal low protein diet differentially programs glucose and fatty acid metabolism in adult male and female offspring

2012-02-08 | E-GEOD-15940 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Maternal exposure to ozone during implantation promotes a feminized transcriptomic profile in the male adolescent liver

Project description:Maternal exposure to ozone during implantation results in reduced fetal weight gain in rats. Offspring from ozone-exposed dams demonstrate sexually dimorphic risks to high-fat diet feeding in adolescence. To better understand the adolescent hepatic metabolic landscape following fetal growth restriction, RNA sequencing was performed to characterize the effects of ozone-induced fetal growth restriction on male and female offspring. Pregnant Long-Evans rats were exposed to filtered air or 0.8 ppm ozone for 4 hours on both gestation days 5 and 6 (n = 6 / group). At approximately postnatal day 48, liver tissue was obtained for RNA sequencing from offspring. Peri-implantation exposure to ozone in the dam had greater effects on hepatic gene expression in male offspring than in the females. Interestingly, heatmaps of these DEGs suggested that male offspring from ozone-exposed dams had a transcriptomic pattern like that of female offspring. Using a filtered set of highly female-predominant genes (n = 390), 57% were upregulated in the male offspring from ozone-exposed dams. Upregulated canonical pathways included sirtuin and orexin signaling, estrogen receptor signaling, and integration of energy metabolism. Relatively few genes altered in the male offspring from ozone exposed dams were associated with endpoints of sexual maturity, signifying the likely source of the observed feminization was not attributed to sex hormones. This study provides initial evidence that growth restriction in utero may increase the risk of hepatic feminization in male offspring. Additional work is needed to further understand the relationship between developmental undernutrition and feminization in the male liver.

2025-06-16 | GSE285988 | GEO

RNA Sequencing of Perirenal Adipose Tissue from Intrauterine Growth Restricted and Normally-Grown Near Term Sheep Fetuses with and without intact adrenal medulla.

Project description:The study objective was to determine differentially expressed mRNA transcripts in perirenal adipose tissue from fetal sheep that underwent sham or adrenal demedullation prior to fetal growth restriction to determine the role of catecholamines on gene expression following placental insufficiency-induced intrauterine growth restriction.

2023-12-05 | GSE132734 | GEO

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