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An optogenetic switch for the Set2 methyltransferase provides evidence for transcription-dependent and independent dynamics of H3K36 methylation

ABSTRACT: Histone H3 lysine 36 methylation (H3K36me) is a conserved histone modification associated with transcription and DNA repair. Although the effects of H3K36 methylation have been studied, the genome-wide dynamics of H3K36me deposition and removal are not known. We established rapid and reversible optogenetic control for Set2, the sole H3K36 methyltransferase in yeast, by fusing the enzyme with the light activated nuclear shuttle (LANS) domain. Early H3K36me3 dynamics identified methylation in vivo, with total H3K36me3 levels correlating with RNA abundance. Although genes exhibited disparate levels of H3K36 methylation, relative rates of H3K36me3 accumulation were largely linear and consistent across genes, suggesting that H3K36me3 deposition occurs uniformly across all genes in a directed fashion regardless of transcription frequency. Removal of H3K36me3 was highly dependent on the demethylase Rph1. However, the per-gene rate of H3K36me3 loss weakly correlated with RNA abundance and followed exponential decay, suggesting H3K36 demethylases act in a global, stochastic manner. Altogether, these data provide a detailed temporal view of H3K36 methylation and demethylation that suggest transcription-dependent and independent mechanisms for H3K36me deposition and removal, respectively.

ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae

PROVIDER: GSE153539 | GEO | 2020/07/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Histone H3K36 trimethylation is essential for multiple silencing mechanisms in fission yeast.

Project description:In budding yeast, Set2 catalyzes di- and trimethylation of H3K36 (H3K36me2 and H3K36me3) via an interaction between its SRI domain and C-terminal repeats of RNA polymerase II (Pol2) phosphorylated at Ser2 and Ser5 (CTD-S2,5-P). H3K36me2 recruits the Rpd3S histone deacetylase complex to repress cryptic transcription from transcribed regions. In fission yeast, Set2 is also responsible for H3K36 methylation, which represses a subset of RNAs including heterochromatic and subtelomeric RNAs, at least in part via recruitment of Clr6 complex II, a homolog of Rpd3S. Here, we show that CTD-S2Pâdependent interaction of fission yeast Set2 with Pol2 via the SRI domain is required for formation of H3K36me3, but not H3K36me2. H3K36me3 silenced heterochromatic and subtelomeric transcripts through post-transcriptional and transcriptional mechanisms, respectively, whereas H3K36me2 did not. Clr6 complex II appeared not to be responsible for heterochromatic silencing. Our results demonstrate that H3K36 methylation has multiple outputs in fission yeast; these findings provide insight into the multiple roles of H3K36 methylation in metazoans, which have different enzymes for synthesis of H3K36me1/2 and H3K36me3. Gene expression profile at exponentially-growing phase.in the fission yeast deletion mutants of set2.

2016-02-04 | E-GEOD-66821 | biostudies-arrayexpress

set2 buratowski lab

Project description:H3K36 methylation by Set2 targets Rpd3S histone deacetylase to 3Ã¢ÂÂ transcribed regions, repressing internal cryptic promoters and slowing elongation. To further explore the function of this pathway, global transcription was analyzed in yeast experiencing a series of carbon source shifts. Many previously unreported cryptic ncRNAs are induced by specific carbon sources, showing that cryptic promoters can be environmentally regulated. Also, approximately 230 mRNA genes show altered induction or repression upon SET2 deletion. A majority of Set2-repressed genes have overlapping lncRNA transcription. At these promoters, H3K36me3 and deacetylation by Rpd3S leads to slower or reduced induction. Unexpectedly, Set2 derepresses 159 genes, apparently by mediating a balance between Rpd3S and Rpd3L. Therefore, in addition to repression of cryptic transcription, H3K36 methylation maintains optimal expression dynamics of many mRNAs.

2016-09-25 | E-MTAB-4268 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Both H4K20 mono-methylation and H3K56 acetylation mark transcription-dependent histone turnover in fission yeast

Project description:Nucleosome dynamics facilitated by histone turnover is required for transcription as well as DNA replication and repair. Histone turnover is often associated with various histone modifications such as H3K56 acetylation (H3K56Ac), H3K36 methylation (H3K36me), and H4K20 methylation (H4K20me). In order to correlate histone modifications and transcription-dependent histone turnover, we performed genome wide analyses for euchromatic regions in G2/M-arrested fission yeast. The results show that transcription-dependent histone turnover at 5’ promoter and 3’ termination regions is directly correlated with the occurrence of H3K56Ac and H4K20 mono-methylation (H4K20me1) in actively transcribed genes. Furthermore, the increase of H3K56Ac and H4K20me1 and antisense RNA production was observed in the absence of the histone H3K36 methyltransferase Set2 and histone deacetylase complex (HDAC) that are involved in the suppression of histone turnover within the coding regions. These results together indicate that H4K20me1 as well as H3K56Ac are bona fide marks for transcription-dependent histone turnover in fission yeast.

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Gene expression changes upon depletion of H3K36 methylation by mutating met-1 and RNAi depleting mes-4 in worm L1 larvae

Project description:We compared wild type N2 fed L4440 control RNAi to met-1 mutants fed mes-4 RNAi food. Genes tend to be upregulated rather than downregulated in these mutants. Comparison to available ChIPseq datasets indicates that the upregulated genes are heterochromatic and are not enriched for H3K36 methylation, indicating that H3K36me loss derepresses heterochromatin indirectly.

2019-04-11 | GSE115999 | GEO

Unique and Shared Roles for Histone H3K36 Methylation States in Transcription Regulation Functions

Project description:Set2 co-transcriptionally methylates lysine 36 of histone H3 (H3K36), producing mono-, di-, and trimethylation (H3K36me1/2/3). These modifications recruit or repel chromatin effector proteins important for transcriptional fidelity, mRNA splicing, and DNA repair. However, it was not known whether the different methylation states of H3K36 have distinct biological functions. Here, we use engineered forms of Set2 that produce different lysine methylation states to identify unique and shared functions for H3K36 modifications. Although H3K36me1/2 and H3K36me3 are functionally redundant in many SET2 deletion phenotypes, we found that H3K36me3 has a unique function related to Bur1 kinase activity and FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription) complex function. Further, during nutrient stress, either H3K36me1/2 or H3K36me3 represses high levels of histone acetylation and cryptic transcription that arises from within genes. Our findings uncover the potential for the regulation of diverse chromatin functions by different H3K36 methylation states.

2020-04-29 | GSE125684 | GEO

Psip1 ChIP using A300-847 antibody (Immunoprecipitates mainly p52 isoform of Psip1) Chip-chip from Mouse MEFs cells with H3K36me3, H3K4me3, Psip1 ChIP using A300-847 antibody

Project description:The p52 isoform of Psip1/Ledgf links histone H3K36 methylation and the regulation of alternative splicing. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) of Psip1 together with H3K36me3 and H3K4me3 and by ChIP-on-chip analysis demonstrated that, Like H3K36me3, Psip1 is enriched on exons of highly expressed genes, Comparision of H3K36me3 and Psip1 binding sites on the expressed and non expressed genes.

2012-04-11 | E-GEOD-28153 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Histone H3K36 trimethylation is essential for multiple silencing mechanisms in fission yeast.

Project description:In budding yeast, Set2 catalyzes di- and trimethylation of H3K36 (H3K36me2 and H3K36me3) via an interaction between its SRI domain and C-terminal repeats of RNA polymerase II (Pol2) phosphorylated at Ser2 and Ser5 (CTD-S2,5-P). H3K36me2 recruits the Rpd3S histone deacetylase complex to repress cryptic transcription from transcribed regions. In fission yeast, Set2 is also responsible for H3K36 methylation, which represses a subset of RNAs including heterochromatic and subtelomeric RNAs, at least in part via recruitment of Clr6 complex II, a homolog of Rpd3S. Here, we show that CTD-S2P–dependent interaction of fission yeast Set2 with Pol2 via the SRI domain is required for formation of H3K36me3, but not H3K36me2. H3K36me3 silenced heterochromatic and subtelomeric transcripts through post-transcriptional and transcriptional mechanisms, respectively, whereas H3K36me2 did not. Clr6 complex II appeared not to be responsible for heterochromatic silencing. Our results demonstrate that H3K36 methylation has multiple outputs in fission yeast; these findings provide insight into the multiple roles of H3K36 methylation in metazoans, which have different enzymes for synthesis of H3K36me1/2 and H3K36me3.

2016-02-04 | GSE66821 | GEO

Illumina Sequencing data of Insulator Proteins and the co-factor dMes-4

Project description:The Drosophila insulator-binding proteins (IBPs) dCTCF/Beaf32 mark the physical borders of chromosomal domains involving co-factors that participate in long-range interactions. Chromosomal borders are further enriched in specific histone modifications yet the implication of histone modifiers and nucleosome dynamics remains largely unknown in such context. Here, we show that IBP depletion impairs nucleosome dynamics over genes flanked by their binding sites. Biochemical purification identifies a key histone methyltransferase of H3K36, NSD/dMes-4, as a novel co-factor of IBPs involved in chromatin accessibility, which specifically co-regulates hundreds of genes flanked by Beaf32/dCTCF. dMes-4 presets chromatin before the recruitment of transcriptional activators including DREF that triggers Set2/Hypb-mediated H3K36me3, RNA splicing and nucleosome positioning. Our results unveil a model for how IBPs regulate gene expression and nucleosome dynamics through NSD/dMes-4, which may contribute to regulate H3K27me3 spreading. Together, our data suggest a division of labor for how IBPs may dynamically regulate chromatin organization depending on distinct co-factors. ChIP-Seq profiles of H3K36 methylation and RNA Pol II in Drosophila S2 cell line (wild-type) cells

2014-04-30 | E-GEOD-57165 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Chip-chip from Mouse MEFs cells for H3K36me3, Srsf1, Psip1(A300-847 antibody).

Project description:The p52 isoform of Psip1/Ledgf links histone H3K36 methylation and the regulation of alternative splicing. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) of Psip1 together with H3K36me3 and Srsf1 and by ChIP-on-chip analysis demonstrated that H3K36me3, Psip1 and SRSF1 enrichment correlates on the gene bodies Array design includes 2 dye swap replicates for Srsf1 and Psip1-/- samples, and single arrays for PSIP and H3K36me3 samples

2012-01-01 | E-GEOD-31520 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Psip1 ChIP using A300-847 antibody (Immunoprecipitates mainly p52 isoform of Psip1) Chip-chip from Mouse MEFs cells with H3K36me3, H3K4me3, Psip1 ChIP using A300-847 antibody

2012-04-12 | GSE28153 | GEO

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