M6A directs the demethylation of histone H3K9me2 co-transcriptionall
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE153651 | GEO | 2020/07/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:m6A directs the demethylation of histone H3K9me2 co-transcriptionall
| PRJNA643545 | ENA
Project description:The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal modification in almost all eukaryotic messenger RNAs, and is dynamically regulated. Therefore, identification of m6A readers is especially important in determining the cellular function of m6A. YTHDF2 has recently been characterized as the first m6A reader that regulates the cytoplasmic stability of methylated RNA. Here we show that YTHDC1 is a nuclear m6A reader and report the crystal structure of the YTH domain of YTHDC1 bound to m6A-containing RNA. We further determined the structure of another YTH domain, YTHDF1, and found that the YTH domain utilizes a conserved aromatic cage to specifically recognize the methyl group of m6A. Our structural characterizations of the YTHDC1-m6A RNA complex also shed light on the molecular basis for the preferential binding of the GG(m6A)C sequence by YTHDC1 and confirm the YTH domain as a specific m6A RNA reader. PAR-CLIP (Photoactivatable-Ribonucleoside-Enhanced Crosslinking and Immunoprecipitation) was applied to human YTHDC1 protein to identify its binding sites.
2014-09-18 | E-GEOD-58352 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal modification in the messenger RNA (mRNA) of all higher eukaryotes. This modification has been shown to be reversible in mammals; it is installed by a methyltransferase heterodimer complex of METTL3 and METTL14 bound with WTAP, and reversed by iron(II)- and α-ketoglutarate-dependent demethylases FTO and ALKBH5. This modification exhibits significant functional roles in various biological processes. The m6A modification as a RNA mark is recognized by reader proteins, such as YTH domain family proteins and HNRNPA2B1; m6A can also act as a structure switch to affect RNA-protein interactions for biological regulation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the methyltransferase subunit MTA (the plant orthologue of human METTL3, encoded by At4g10760) was well characterized and FIP37 (the plant orthologue of human WTAP) was first identified as the interacting partner of MTA. Here we report the discovery and characterization of reversible m6A methylation mediated by AtALKBH10B (encoded by At4g02940) in A. thaliana, and noticeable roles of this RNA demethylase in affecting plant development and floral transition. Our findings reveal potential broad functions of reversible mRNA methylation in plants. m6A peaks were identified from wild type Columbia-0 and atalkbh10b-1 mutant in two biological replicates
2016-03-24 | E-GEOD-79523 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We show that N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant internal modification in mRNA/lncRNA with still poorly characterized function, alters RNA structure to facilitate the access of RBM for heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (hnRNP C). We term this mechanism m6A-switch. Through combining PAR-CLIP with Me-RIP, we identify 39,060 m6A-switches among hnRNP C binding sites transcriptome-wide. We show that m6A-methyltransferases METTL3 or METTL14 knockdown decreases hnRNP C binding at 16,582 m6A-switches. Taken together, 2,798 m6A-switches of high confidence are identified to mediate RNA-hnRNP C interactions and affect diverse biological processes including cell cycle regulation. These findings reveal the biological importance of m6A and provide insights into the sophisticated regulation of RNA-RBP interactions through m6A-induced RNA structural remodeling. Measure the m6A methylated hnRNP C binding sites transcriptome-wide by PARCLIP-MeRIP; measure the differential hnRNP C occupancies upon METTL3/METTL14 knockdown by PAR-CLIP; measure RNA abundance and splicing level changes upon HNRNPC, METTL3 and METTL14 knockdown
2015-02-27 | E-GEOD-56010 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Histone methylation patterns regulate gene expression and are highly dynamic during development. The erasure of histone methylation is carried out by histone demethylase enzymes. We had previously shown that vitamin C enhances the activity of Tet enzymes in embryonic stem (ES) cells, leading to DNA demethylation and activation of germline genes. We report here that vitamin C induces a remarkably specific demethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) in ES cells. Vitamin C treatment reduces global levels of H3K9me2, but not other histone methylation marks analyzed, as measured by Western blot, immunofluorescence and mass spectrometry. Vitamin C leads to widespread loss of H3K9me2 at large chromosomal domains as well as gene promoters and repeat elements. Vitamin C-induced loss of H3K9me2 occurs rapidly within 24 hours and is reversible. Importantly, we found that the histone demethylases Kdm3a and Kdm3b are required for vitamin C-induced demethylation of H3K9me2. Moreover, we show that vitamin C-induced Kdm3a/b-mediated H3K9me2 demethylation and Tet-mediated DNA demethylation are independent processes. Lastly, we document Kdm3a/b are partially required for the up-regulation of germline genes by vitamin C. These results reveal a specific role for vitamin C in histone demethylation in ES cells, and document that DNA methylation and H3K9me2 cooperate to silence germline genes in pluripotent cells.
2017-06-30 | GSE84009 | GEO
Project description:XIST is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that mediates transcriptional silencing of X chromosome genes. Here we show that XIST is highly methylated with at least 78 N6-methyladenosine (m6A) residues, a reversible base modification whose function in lncRNAs is unknown. We show that m6A formation in XIST, as well as cellular mRNAs, is mediated by RBM15 and its paralog RBM15B, which bind the m6A-methylation complex and recruit it to specific sites in RNA. This results in methylation of adenosines in adjacent m6A consensus motifs. Furthermore, knockdown of RBM15 and RBM15B, or knockdown of the m6A methyltransferase METTL3 impairs XIST-mediated gene silencing. A systematic comparison of m6A-binding proteins shows that YTHDC1 preferentially recognizes m6A in XIST and is required for XIST function. Additionally, artificial tethering of YTHDC1 to XIST rescues XIST-mediated silencing upon loss of m6A. These data reveal a pathway of m6A formation and recognition required for XIST-mediated transcriptional repression. Three to four biological HEK293T replicates were used to perform iCLIP of endogenous YTH proteins, RBM15, and RBM15B. Crosslinking induced truncations were identified using CIMS-CITS pipeline.
2016-09-07 | E-GEOD-78030 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Recent methylome studies have located N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification on thousands of mammalian transcripts. However, its functional mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we examined the role of m6A methylation in mouse embryonic stem cells. To gain an understanding of dynamic changes in cells depleted with (proposed) methyltranferases at molecular level, we examined the time-series gene expression pattern in mESC lines using microarray analysis. After 0, 4 and 8 h incubation with scramble, shRNA for Mettl3 or Mettl14, mESC cells were collected and RNAs were isolated for microarray analysis using Affymetrix Genechip Mouse Gene 2.0 ST array. After 0 h incubation with scramble, shRNA for Mettl3 or Mettl14, mESC cells were collected and RNAs were isolated for microarray analysis using Affymetrix Genechip Mouse Gene 2.0 ST array.
2014-01-06 | E-GEOD-46879 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common modification to mRNA in mammalian cells linked to development and disease. m6A controls CD4+ T cell homeostasis by targeting the IL-7/STAT5/SOCS family pathway and sustains Treg suppressive function. However, the role of m6A modification in non-conventional T cell development and function remains unknown. Here we showed that m6A modification was indispensable for NKT cell homeostasis using mice with T cell-specific deletion of RNA methylation writer METTL14 (T-Mettl14-/-). Loss of METTL14-dependent m6A modification led to the upregulation of p53-mediated apoptosis in double-positive (DP) thymocytes. The decreased lifespan of DP thymocytes reduced the efficiency of distal Va-Ja rearrangement, including the invariant Va14-Ja18 TCR, and therefore led to a profound decrease in the iNKT cell population. The residual iNKT cells in T-Mettl14-/- mice exhibited increased apoptosis and impaired maturation. In addition, loss of METTL14 upregulated Cish expression, which contributed to decreased proliferative response to IL-2 and IL-15 and impaired cytokine production upon TCR stimulation in METTL14-deficient iNKT cells. Furthermore, knocking down METTL14 in mature iNKT cells diminished their cytokine production, correlated with increased Cish expression and decreased TCR signaling. Collectively, our data reveals a critical role for METTL14- dependent-m6A modification in iNKT cell development and function, highlighting the need to take this effect into consideration for targeting m6A pathway in therapeutic settings.
2022-03-01 | GSE189339 | GEO
Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common internal modification in eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and plays essential roles in mammals. The function of this chemical modification is deciphered by m6A-specific binding proteins of the YTH family. Recent studies indicated that m6A methyltransferase METTL3 ('writer') and demethylase FTO ('eraser') play critical roles in cardiovascular diseases. However, function of m6A 'reader' proteins in the heart is still largely unknown. Here, we report that cardiac-specific ablation of Ythdc1 in postnatal heart exhibits progressive dilated cardiomyopathy, heart failure and dramatically increases the incidence of postnatal lethality. Mechanically, the transcript of Titin-the major DCM and heart failure related gene-is decorated by m6A modification and directly recognized by YTHDC1, deficiency of Ythdc1 in heart results in abnormal splicing of TTN and disarray of sarcomeric structures in the cardiomyocytes subsequently. Collectively, we demonstrated that YTHDC1-dependent TTN splicing is crucial for the postnatal heart development and cardiac function, which probably provides a potential target for treating DCM through tuning m6A modification of TTN mRNA.
2022-08-01 | GSE164353 | GEO
Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent internal modification found in mammalian messenger and non-coding RNAs. The discoveries of functionally significant demethylases that reverse this methylation as well as the recently revealed m6A distributions in mammalian transcriptomes strongly indicate regulatory functions of this modification. Here we report the identification and characterization of the mammalian nuclear RNA N6-adenosine methyltransferase core (RNMTC) complex. Besides METTL3, a methyltransferase which was the only known component of RNMTC in the past, we discovered that a previously uncharacterized methyltransferase, METTL14, exhibits a N6-adenosine methyltransferase activity higher than METTL3. Together with WTAP, the third component that dramatically affects the cellular m6A level, these three proteins form the core complex that orchestrates m6A deposition on mammalian nuclear RNA. Biochemistry assays, imaging experiments, as well as transcriptome-wide analyses of the binding sites and their effects on m6A methylation support methylation function and reveal new insights of RNMTC. PAR-CLIP and m6A-seq in HeLa cells
2013-11-29 | E-GEOD-46705 | biostudies-arrayexpress