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Acoel single-cell transcriptomics: cell-type analysis of a deep branching organism

ABSTRACT: Bilaterian animals display a wide variety of cell types, organized into defined anatomical structures and organ systems, which are mostly absent in pre-bilaterian animals. Xenacoelomorpha are an early branching bilaterian phylum displaying an apparently relatively simple anatomical organization that have greatly diverged from other Bilaterian clades. In this study, we use whole-body single-cell transcriptomics on the acoel Isodiametra pulchra to identify and characterize different cell types. Our analysis identifies the existence of at least 11 major cell-type categories in acoels all contributing to the main biological functions of the organism: metabolism, locomotion and movements, behavior, defense and development. Interestingly, while most cell clusters express core fate markers shared with other animal clades, we also describe a surprisingly large numbers of clade-specific marker genes, suggesting the emergence of clade-specific common molecular machineries functioning in distinct cell types. Together, these results provide novel insight into the evolution of bilaterian cell-types and open the door to a better understanding of the origins of the bilaterian body plan and their constitutive cell types.

ORGANISM(S): Isodiametra pulchra

PROVIDER: GSE154049 | GEO | 2020/07/09

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Symbiodinium clade content drives host transcriptome more than thermal stress in the coral Montastraea faveolata (part 1)

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2009-05-31 | GSE12809 | GEO

Graded FGF activity patterns distinct cell types within the apical sensory organ of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis

Project description:Bilaterian animals have evolved complex sensory organs comprised of distinct cell types that function coordinately to sense the environment. Each sensory unit has a defined architecture built from component cell types, including sensory cells, non-sensory support cells, and dedicated sensory neurons. Whether this characteristic cellular composition is present in the sensory organs of non-bilaterian animals is unknown. Here, we interrogate the cell type composition and gene regulatory networks controlling development of the larval apical sensory organ in the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis. Using single cell RNA sequencing and imaging approaches, we reveal two unique cell types in the Nematostella apical sensory organ, GABAergic sensory cells and a putative non-sensory support cell population. Further, we identify the paired-like (PRD) homeodomain gene prd146 as a specific sensory cell marker and show that Prd146+ sensory cells become post-mitotic after gastrulation. Genetic loss of function approaches show that Prd146 is essential for apical sensory organ development. Using a candidate gene knockdown approach, we place prd146 downstream of FGF signaling in the apical sensory organ gene regulatory network. Further, we demonstrate that an aboral FGF activity gradient coordinately regulates the specification of both sensory and support cells. Collectively, these experiments define the genetic basis for apical sensory organ development in a non-bilaterian animal and reveal an unanticipated degree of complexity in a prototypic sensory structure.

2024-04-01 | GSE213278 | GEO

Evolutionary conservation of the eumetazoan gene regulatory landscape

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2017-03-07 | GSE79706 | GEO

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2016-02-22 | E-GEOD-69510 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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2016-10-28 | GSE89262 | GEO

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2018-05-21 | PXD008827 | Pride

Evolutionary conservation of the eumetazoan gene regulatory landscape

2013-12-02 | GSE46488 | GEO

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2018-09-14 | GSE111795 | GEO

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