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Brown adipose expansion and remission of glycemic dysfunction in obese SM/J mice

ABSTRACT: The purpose of the study was to identify differential expression in the interscapular brown adipose tissue of high fat-fed SM/J mice between 20 and 30 weeks of age. Low fat-fed mice at the same ages were used as an intra-strain control, LG/J mice on the same diets and at the same ages were used as an inter-strain control, and reproductive white adipose tissue from the same mice was used as an inter-tissue control.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE157569 | GEO | 2020/09/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:We previously reported that a low versus high glycemic index (GI) diet on a high fat (30% kcal fat) background (LGI and HGI, respectively) significantly retarded adverse health effects in C57BL/6J male mice. The LGI diet enhanced whole body insulin sensitivity and repressed high fat diet-induced body and adipose tissue weight gain, resulting in reduced serum leptin and resistin levels (Faseb J 2009; 23: 1092-1101). How white adipose tissue (WAT) is effected is examined in the present study. We characterized the molecular mechanisms underlying the GI-mediated effects in WAT using whole genome transcriptomics technology. We show that a LGI vs. HGI diet mainly exerts its beneficial effects on substrate metabolism, especially insulin signaling of fatty acid metabolism. In addition, cell adhesion and cytoskeleton remodeling showed reduced expression in line with lower WAT mass, but it might also be due to altered insulin sensitivity. An important transcription factor showing enhanced expression is PPARgamma. Furthermore, serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol were significantly reduced by a LGI vs. HGI diet, and muscle insulin sensitivity was significantly increased as analyzed by PKB/Akt phosphorylation. Cumulatively, even though these mice were fed a high fat diet, the low versus high GI induced significantly favorable changes in metabolism in WAT. These effects suggest a partial overlap with pharmacological approaches by thiazolidinediones (TZDs) to treat insulin resistance and statins and plantsterols/stanols for hypercholesterolemia. It is therefore tempting to speculate that such a dietary approach might beneficially support pharmacological treatment of insulin resistance or hypercholesterolemia in humans. We analyzed 19 epididymal whie adipose tissue (epiWAT) samples from a 13 week High fat diet, Low glycemic index dietary group (LGI, n=9) versus a High fat diet, High glycemic index dietary group (HGI, n=10) after 13 weeks of feeding wildtype C57BL/6J male adult mice. Of the 19 arrays, we excluded 2 arrays for downstream analysis based on quality control (total final set contains 8 LGI and 9 HGI samples).

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Brown adipose expansion and remission of glycemic dysfunction in obese SM/J mice

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