Fertilization triggers a transcription program mouse & human one-cell embryos
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE157834 | GEO | 2021/12/22
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Fertilization transforms sperm and egg into a totipotent embryo but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We here report that gene expression initiates during the gamete-to-embryo transition in mouse embryos. Meiotic exit induced by sperm entry enhances a transcriptionally-permissive epigenetic landscape. Time-course analysis of single embryos revealed a succession of genome-wide transcription 'ripples' initiating within 2 hours. Disrupting key pluripotency transcription factor levels prior to sperm entry had little immediate effect, indicating that different mechanisms engender pluripotent and totipotent states. These findings suggest that a hierarchical gene expression program characterizes the emergence of totipotency during the gamete-to-embryo transition, with broad mechanistic implications for the reprogramming of cellular potency.
2023-03-02 | GSE64649 | GEO
Project description:Fertilization transforms sperm and egg into a totipotent embryo but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We here report that gene expression initiates during the gamete-to-embryo transition in mouse embryos. Meiotic exit induced by sperm entry enhances a transcriptionally-permissive epigenetic landscape. Time-course analysis of single embryos revealed a succession of genome-wide transcription 'ripples' initiating within 2 hours. Disrupting key pluripotency transcription factor levels prior to sperm entry had little immediate effect, indicating that different mechanisms engender pluripotent and totipotent states. These findings suggest that a hierarchical gene expression program characterizes the emergence of totipotency during the gamete-to-embryo transition, with broad mechanistic implications for the reprogramming of cellular potency.
2023-03-02 | GSE64648 | GEO
Project description:In humans, the embryonic genome activation (EGA) program is functional by day 3 after fertilization. The 6-8 cell stage embryo (day 3 post-fertilization) starts the process of “compaction” that leads to the generation of the tightly organized cell mass of the morula and is followed by differentiation of the morula into a blastocyst. The transition from day 3 embryos to day 5 blastocysts is likely to be controlled by many and specific changes in the expression of different genes. We used mRNA amplification technique and compared the transcriptomes of day 3 human embryos and trophectoderm (TE) cells from day 5 human blastocysts to identify transcripts that are differentially expressed during the embryo-to-TE transition and involved in the TE specification.
2012-07-09 | GSE33025 | GEO
Project description:RNA transcripts are distributed non-uniformly in the oocytes of many animals, such that newly-divided embryo cells (blastomeres) inherit distinct transcriptomes following fertilization. In animals such as the frog, Xenopus laevis, programmed transcript regionalization directs early embryonic axis formation and is essential for normal development. However, it is unknown whether such transcriptome asymmetry directs embryogenesis in mammals, or indeed, whether it occurs at all. We here address this by transcript profiling of matching sub-cellular structures and single cells in mouse oocytes and early embryos and analytical strategies exploiting the paired data structure. Spindle samples contained a set of transcripts that was distinguishable from that of the unfertilized metaphase II (mII) oocytes from which each spindle was microsurgically dissected. Immediately following fertilization, cytokinesis produces a 1-cell embryo (zygote) and associated spindle-enriched second polar body (Pb2) whose transcript profiles also differed one from the other, partially reflecting the enrichment of spindle-associated transcripts. Non-uniform transcript distribution within zygotes did not lead to programmed transcriptome asymmetry between the blastomeres of nascent two-cell embryos, or between the second mitotic products of 3-cell embryos. These findings suggest that mammalian oocytes and zygotes exhibit transcript regionalization without subsequent transcriptome asymmetries between respective early mitotic products. This contrasts the situation in Xenopus and places constraints on the ability of maternal transcriptomic prepatterning to prescribe early mammalian development.
2011-04-21 | GSE27396 | GEO
Project description:Early embryo development is a dynamic process involving important molecular and structural changes leading to the embryonic genome activation (EGA) and first cell lineage differentiation. Our aim was to elucidate proteomic changes in bovine embryos developed in vivo. Eleven Holstein females were used as embryo donors and pools of embryos at the 4-6 cell, 8-12 cell, morula, compact morula and blastocyst stages were analyzed by nanoliquid chromatography coupled with tandem MS (nanoLC-MS/MS). A total of 2757 proteins were identified, of which 1950 were quantitatively analyzed. Principal component analysis of data showed a separation of embryo pools according to their developmental stage. Differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) between stages were clustered into 626 upregulated and 400 downregulated proteins with most significant changes at the time of EGA and blastocyst formation. The main pathways and processes overrepresented among upregulated proteins were RNA metabolism, protein translation and ribosome biogenesis whereas Golgi vesicle transport and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum were overrepresented among downregulated proteins. This is the first comprehensive study of proteome dynamics in non-rodent mammalian embryos developed in vivo. These data provide a number of functional protein candidates and will be useful to evaluate the impact of in vitro conditions on embryo quality.
2022-05-20 | PXD030994 | Pride
Project description:Single murine embryo RNA-seq covering fertilization through ZGA sampled every 2 hours after fertilization
2023-06-30 | GSE178104 | GEO
Project description:At the moment of union in fertilization, sperm and oocyte are transcriptionally silent. The ensuing onset of embryonic transcription (embryonic genome activation, EGA) is critical for development, yet its timing and profile are unknown in any vertebrate species. We here dissect hitherto inaccessible transcription during EGA by high resolution single-cell RNA-sequencing of precisely synchronized mouse one-cell embryos. This reveals a program of embryonic gene expression (immediate EGA, iEGA) initiating within four hours of fertilization. Expression during iEGA produces canonically-spliced transcripts, occurs substantially from the maternal genome, and is mostly down-regulated at the two-cell stage. Transcribed genes predict regulation by transcription factors (TFs) associated with cancer, including c-Myc. Blocking c- Myc or other predicted regulatory TF activities disrupts iEGA and induces acute developmental arrest. These findings illuminate intracellular mechanisms that regulate the onset of mammalian development and promise a new paradigm for the study of cancer
2023-01-09 | GSE222130 | GEO
Project description:In humans, the embryonic genome activation (EGA) program is functional by day 3 after fertilization. The 6-8 cell stage embryo (day 3 post-fertilization) starts the process of “compaction” that leads to the generation of the tightly organized cell mass of the morula and is followed by differentiation of the morula into a blastocyst. The transition from day 3 embryos to day 5 blastocysts is likely to be controlled by many and specific changes in the expression of different genes. We used mRNA amplification technique and compared the transcriptomes of day 3 human embryos and trophectoderm (TE) cells from day 5 human blastocysts to identify transcripts that are differentially expressed during the embryo-to-TE transition and involved in the TE specification. These six embryo samples were compared to our five human trophectoderm samples that are available in GEO under the following accession numbers: GSM706168 GSM706169 GSM706170 GSM706171 GSM706172
2012-07-08 | E-GEOD-33025 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:RNA transcripts are distributed non-uniformly in the oocytes of many animals, such that newly-divided embryo cells (blastomeres) inherit distinct transcriptomes following fertilization. In animals such as the frog, Xenopus laevis, programmed transcript regionalization directs early embryonic axis formation and is essential for normal development. However, it is unknown whether such transcriptome asymmetry directs embryogenesis in mammals, or indeed, whether it occurs at all. We here address this by transcript profiling of matching sub-cellular structures and single cells in mouse oocytes and early embryos and analytical strategies exploiting the paired data structure. Spindle samples contained a set of transcripts that was distinguishable from that of the unfertilized metaphase II (mII) oocytes from which each spindle was microsurgically dissected. Immediately following fertilization, cytokinesis produces a 1-cell embryo (zygote) and associated spindle-enriched second polar body (Pb2) whose transcript profiles also differed one from the other, partially reflecting the enrichment of spindle-associated transcripts. Non-uniform transcript distribution within zygotes did not lead to programmed transcriptome asymmetry between the blastomeres of nascent two-cell embryos, or between the second mitotic products of 3-cell embryos. These findings suggest that mammalian oocytes and zygotes exhibit transcript regionalization without subsequent transcriptome asymmetries between respective early mitotic products. This contrasts the situation in Xenopus and places constraints on the ability of maternal transcriptomic prepatterning to prescribe early mammalian development. 16 Zygote vs. Polar body pairs, 10 spindle vs. oocyte pairs, 22 2-cell embryos and 8 3-cell embryos were analysed. Although the raw data are two channel, only the Cy5 signal of each file was analyzed. The Cy5 channel for each gene is normalized to the average Cy5 intensity of the gene across all samples.
2011-04-21 | E-GEOD-27396 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Reprogramming of histone modification regulates gene expression and mammal preimplantation development. Trimethylation of lysine 4 on histone 3 (H3K4me3) has unique landscape in mouse oocytes and early embryos. However, the dynamics and function of H3K4me3 in livestock embryos remain unclear. To address how it is reprogrammed in domestic animals, we profiled changes of H3K4me3 during bovine early embryo development. Notably, the overall signal of H3K4me3 decreased during embryonic genome activation (EGA). By utilizing ultra-low-input native ChIP-seq (ULI-NChIP-seq) technology, we observed widespread broad H3K4me3 domains in oocytes and embryos. The signal of broad H3K4me3 began to decrease after fertilization and was lowest after EGA. Along with the removal of broad H3K4me3, deposition of H3K4me3 at promoter regions enhanced gradually. Besides, the transcriptional activity and signal of promoter H3K4me3 showed positive correlation after the erasure of broad H3K4me3 at 16-cell stage. Moreover, knocking down of demethylases KDM5A, KDM5B and KDM5C caused EGA delay and blastocyst formation failure. RNA-seq analysis revealed 47.8% down-regulated genes in knockdown embryos at 8/16-cell stage were EGA genes, and 63.1% of up-regulated genes were maternal transcripts. Particularly, the positive correlation between transcriptional activity and promoter H3K4me3 during EGA was restrained when knocking down of KDM5A, KDM5B and KDM5C. Overall, our work initiatively mapped the genomic reprogramming of H3K4me3 during bovine preimplantation development, and KDM5A/B/C played roles in modulating oocyte-to-embryonic transition (OET) through timely erasure of broad H3K4me3 domains far away from promoters.
2022-03-31 | GSE189101 | GEO