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L-bodies are novel RNA-protein condensates driving RNA transport in Xenopus oocytes

ABSTRACT: RNP granules are membrane-less compartments within cells, formed by phase separation, that function as regulatory hubs for diverse biological processes. However, the mechanisms by which RNAs and proteins interact to promote RNP granule assembly and function in vivo remain unclear. In Xenopus laevis oocytes, maternal mRNAs are transported as large RNPs to the vegetal hemisphere of the developing oocyte, where local translation is critical for proper embryonic patterning. Here, we demonstrate that vegetal transport RNPs represent a new class of cytoplasmic RNP granule, termed Localization-bodies (L-bodies). We show that L-bodies are multiphase RNP granules, containing a dynamic liquid-like protein-containing phase surrounding a non-dynamic RNA-containing substructure. Our results support a role for RNA as a critical scaffold component within these RNP granules and suggest that cis-elements within localized mRNAs may drive subcellular RNA localization through control over phase behavior.

ORGANISM(S): Xenopus laevis

PROVIDER: GSE158246 | GEO | 2020/09/20

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Dynamic FMR1 granule phase switch instructed by m6A modification contributes to maternal RNA decay

Project description:Maternal RNA degradation is critical for embryogenesis and is tightly controlled by maternal RNA-binding proteins. Fragile X mental-retardation protein (FMR1) binds target mRNAs to form ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes/granules that control various biological processes, including early embryogenesis. However, how FMR1 recognizes target mRNAs and how FMR1-RNP granule assembly/disassembly regulates FMR1-associated mRNAs remain elusive. Here we show that Drosophila FMR1 preferentially binds mRNAs containing m6A-marked “AGACU” motif with high affinity to contributes to maternal RNA degradation. The high-affinity binding largely depends on a hydrophobic network within FMR1 KH2 domain. Importantly, this binding greatly induces FMR1 granule condensation to efficiently recruit unmodified mRNAs. The degradation of maternal mRNAs then causes granule de-condensation, allowing normal embryogenesis. Our findings reveal that sequence-specific mRNAs instruct FMR1-RNP granules to undergo a dynamic phase-switch, thus contributes to maternal mRNA decay. This mechanism may represent a general principle that regulated RNP-granules control RNA processing and normal development.

2021-12-16 | GSE143821 | GEO

Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of Dhh1 complexes reveals mitochondrial RNP complex association with yeast P-bodies

2015-09-16 | GSE65989 | GEO

Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses of Dhh1 complexes reveals mitochondrial RNP complex association with yeast P-bodies

Project description:P-bodies (PB) are cytoplasmic RNP complexes that aggregate into foci when cells are exposed to stress. While the core components and stress response of PB and related RNP granules are conserved, it remains unclear how and why cells assemble mRNP complexes into granule foci during stress. We use mass spectrometry and antibody-based microarray to analyze proteins and RNA, respectively, that are immunoisolated with the core PB protein Dhh1-GFP. Analysis of the RNA associated with Dhh1-GFP immunoisolate reveals an enrichment of mitochondrial catalytic RNPs complex, suggesting a role for PB in mitochondrial RNA processing. RNA from 7 anti-GFP immunoisolations as well as total (input) RNA for each experiment was prepared. The seven samples include one mock IP from a strain containing GFP alone as well as 6 from Dhh1-GFP strains, two replicates from a (+) glucose condition and four replicates from a (-) glucose condition in which Dhh1-GFP forms cytoplasmic foci. 5ug of total RNA and 200ng IP RNA was hybridized to cutsom Agilent microarrays and detected using the S9.6 monoclonal antibody to RNA:DNA hybrids (ATCC clone ) and a Cy3 labeled anti-mouse secondary antibody.

2015-09-16 | E-GEOD-65989 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptome-wide comparison of stress granules and P-bodies reveals that translation plays a major role in RNA partitioning

Project description:The eukaryotic cytosol contains multiple RNP granules including P-bodies and stress granules. Three different methods have been used to describe the transcriptome of stress granules or P-bodies, but how these methods compare, and how RNA partitioning occurs between P-bodies and stress granules has not been addressed. Herein, we compare the analysis of the stress granule transcriptome based on differential centrifugation, with and without subsequent stress granule immunopurification. We find that while differential centrifugation alone gives a first approximation of the stress granule transcriptome, this methodology contains non-specific transcripts that play a confounding role in the interpretation of results. We also immunopurify and compare the RNAs in stress granules and P-bodies under arsenite stress and compare those results to the P-body transcriptome described under non-stress conditions. We find that the P-body transcriptome is dominated by poorly translated mRNAs under non-stress conditions, but during arsenite stress, when translation is globally repressed, the P-body transcriptome is very similar to the stress granule transcriptome. This suggests that translation is a dominant factor in targeting mRNAs into both P-bodies and stress granules, and during stress, when most mRNAs are untranslated, the composition of P- bodies reflects this broader translation repression.

2019-10-17 | GSE138988 | GEO

RNA self-assembly contributes to stress granule formation and defining the stress granule transcriptome

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2017-05-23 | GSE99170 | GEO

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2018-01-01 | GSE90869 | GEO

RNA-Seq of purified P-bodies from HEK293 cells

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2017-09-01 | E-MTAB-5477 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Dissolution of RNA condensates by the embryonic stem cell protein L1TD1 [CLIP-seq]

Project description:L1TD1 is a cytoplasmic RNA-binding protein that is specifically expressed in pluripotent stem cells and, unlike its mouse paralogue, is essential for the maintenance of stemness in human cells. Although L1TD1 is the only known domesticated gene from a LINE-1 (L1) retroelement, the functional legacy from its ancestral protein, ORF1p of L1, and the novelty are so far unknown. Here, we determined RNAs associated with L1TD1 and found that, like ORF1p, L1TD1 binds L1 RNAs, localizes to high-density ribonucleoprotein (RNP) condensates, and increases L1 retrotransposition. Unexpectedly, L1TD1 enhanced the translation of a subset of mRNAs enriched in the condensates. In HeLa cells, ectopically expressed L1TD1 facilitated the dissolution of stress granules and granules formed by pathological mutations of TDP-43 and FUS. The glutamate-rich domain and the ORF1-homology domain facilitated dispersal of the RNPs and induced autophagy, respectively. These results provide insights into how L1TD1 regulates gene expression in pluripotent stem cells. We propose that the ability of L1TD1 to dissolve stress granules may provide novel opportunities for treatments of neurodegenerative diseases caused by disturbed stress granule dynamics.

2023-04-26 | GSE227855 | GEO

Dissolution of RNA condensates by the embryonic stem cell protein L1TD1 [RNA-seq]

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SILAC APMS analysis of SHQ1 interactome in HEK-293 cells

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2023-05-10 | PXD035330 | Pride

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