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Histone modification profiles on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) under Vasucular Endothelial Cell Growth Factor (VEGF) stimulation

ABSTRACT: Endothelial cells (ECs) are phenotypically heterogeneous mainly due to their dynamic epigenetic status. VEGF, the best-known angiogenic factor, activates calcium-NFAT signalling following acute angiogenic gene transcription. Here, we evaluated the global mapping of VEGF-mediated dynamic transcriptional events with a particular focus on major histone-code profiles using ChIP-seq. Remarkably, the regulatory regions of angiogenic transcription factors exclusively acquired embryonic stem-like bivalent histone marks after the VEGF stimulus. Moreover, the newly discovered NFAT-associated epigenome modifier, PTIP in the COMPASS complex, directed gene transcription via MLL3/4-enrichment which overwhelmed the polycomb-brakes. The non-canonical polycomb1 variant, PRC1.3, specifically bound to and allowed the transactivation of PRC2-enriched bivalent angiogenic genes until conventional PRC1 association and gene silencing. Knockdown of these epigenome modifiers abrogated postnatal aberrant neovessel formation via selective inhibition of acute angiogenic bivalent gene transcription. Collectively, the reported dynamic epigenome landscape in ECs may support the development of advanced therapeutic strategies against various vasculopathies.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE159075 | GEO | 2021/10/06

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Although differentiation of mice embryonic stem cells into vascular endothelial cells (ECs) gives a model for investigating molecular mechanisms of vascular development in vivo, temporal dynamics of gene expressions and chromatin modifications have not been studied until now. Here, we interrogated transcriptome and two histone modifications, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, with a genome-wide scale during ECs differentiation and elucidated epigenetic switch peculiar to ECs. We find Gata2, Fli1, Sox7, and Sox18 are master regulators from genetic and epigenetic data, these genes were induced after Etv2 activation. These genes have specific histone modification pattern which is repressed by H3K27me3 modification at Flk-sorted mesoderm and changed to the bivalent (H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 both positive) state rapidly after vascular endothelial cells growth factor (VEGF) stimuli. Using a previously reported ECs differentiation model, we demonstrate that four transcription factors are critical for ECs specific gene expressions and efficient differentiation. Moreover, from knockdown experiments using si-RNA, we discovered these factors inhibited not only TGFÎ² signaling pathway, that is endothelial mesenchymal transition pathway, but also other near lineage commitment, including blood cells, skeletal muscle cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and cardiomyocytes. We further identify each factor specific target genes during ECs differentiation by microarray, including both activating and repressing genes. Together, our findings from a detailed epigenetic approach provide a basic understanding temporal regulated chromatin signatures and resulting gene expression profile during ECs commitment, which is applicable to other models of differentiation and production of mature and long lasting ECs for regenerative medicine. Total 17 samples were derived from [1] ES cells, Flk-sorted mesoderm cells, and in the absense or presence of VEGF (6, 12, 24, and 48h) to determine VEGF activated genes during endothelial cells differentiation, [2] control si-RNA, si-Gata2, si-Fli1, si-Sox7, or si-Sox18 transfected cells under VEGF stimuli, [3] control si-RNA or si-Mix (si-Gata2, si-Fli1, si-Sox7, and si-Sox18) transfected cells under VEGF stimuli for the identification of each transcription factor dependent genes during endothelial cells differentiation.

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Histone modification profiles on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) under Vasucular Endothelial Cell Growth Factor (VEGF) stimulation

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