Genome-wide maps of gene expression in mouse Soleus tissue.
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE159105 | GEO | 2020/10/07
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Purpose: Aerobic capacity is a strong predictor of cardiovascular mortality. To determine the relationship between inborn aerobic capacity and soleus gene expression we examined genome-wide gene expression in soleus muscle of rats artificially selected for high and low running capacity (HCR and LCR, respectively) over 16 generations. The artificial selection of LCR caused accumulation of risk factors of cardiovascular disease similar to the metabolic syndrome seen in man, whereas HCR had markedly better cardiac function. We also studied alterations in gene expression in response to exercise training in the two groups, since accumulating evidence indicates that exercise has profound beneficial effects on the metabolic syndrome. Methods: Soleus gene expression of both sedentary and exercise trained HCR and LCR was characterized by microarray- and gene ontology analysis. Results: Although HCR and LCR had an inborn 347% difference in running capacity, only three genes were found differentially expressed in the soleus muscle between the two groups. Up-regulation of the mitochondrial enzyme leucyl-transferRNA synthetase (LARS2) was found in the sedentary LCR. Increased expression of LARS2 has been associated with a mitochondrial DNA mutation linked to maternally inherited diabetes and mitochondrial dysfunction. In line with our findings, a growing body of evidence suggests that LCR have compromised mitochondrial function. After exercise training, 58 genes were altered in the soleus muscle of HCR, in contrast to only one in the LCR group. This suggests that animals born with different levels of fitness respond different to the same type of exercise training. Adaptations to exercise in HCR seemed to be associated with increased lipid metabolism and fatty acid elongation in the mitochondria. Also, genes associated with the peroxisomes, seemed to be central in the adaptation to exercise. Conclusion: The results indicate that (i) LCR might have mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be a contributing factor of the low inborn aerobic capacity, (ii) animals born with different levels of fitness respond different to the same exercise program. Keywords: aerobic capacity, metabolic syndrome, soleus muscle, gene expression, metabolism
2008-06-01 | GSE10527 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: Aerobic capacity is a strong predictor of cardiovascular mortality. To determine the relationship between inborn aerobic capacity and soleus gene expression we examined genome-wide gene expression in soleus muscle of rats artificially selected for high and low running capacity (HCR and LCR, respectively) over 16 generations. The artificial selection of LCR caused accumulation of risk factors of cardiovascular disease similar to the metabolic syndrome seen in man, whereas HCR had markedly better cardiac function. We also studied alterations in gene expression in response to exercise training in the two groups, since accumulating evidence indicates that exercise has profound beneficial effects on the metabolic syndrome. Methods:; Soleus gene expression of both sedentary and exercise trained HCR and LCR was characterized by microarray- and gene ontology analysis. Results: Although HCR and LCR had an inborn 347% difference in running capacity, only three genes were found differentially expressed in the soleus muscle between the two groups. Up-regulation of the mitochondrial enzyme leucyl-transferRNA synthetase (LARS2) was found in the sedentary LCR. Increased expression of LARS2 has been associated with a mitochondrial DNA mutation linked to maternally inherited diabetes and mitochondrial dysfunction. In line with our findings, a growing body of evidence suggests that LCR have compromised mitochondrial function. After exercise training, 58 genes were altered in the soleus muscle of HCR, in contrast to only one in the LCR group. This suggests that animals born with different levels of fitness respond different to the same type of exercise training. Adaptations to exercise in HCR seemed to be associated with increased lipid metabolism and fatty acid elongation in the mitochondria. Also, genes associated with the peroxisomes, seemed to be central in the adaptation to exercise. Conclusion: The results indicate that (i) LCR might have mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be a contributing factor of the low inborn aerobic capacity, (ii) animals born with different levels of fitness respond different to the same exercise program. Experiment Overall Design: There are 16 samples in this study.
2008-06-18 | E-GEOD-10527 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This experiment was conducted to identify target microRNAs of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) in skeletal muscle of transgenic mice that overexpressed PPARalpha or PPARbeta. We have recently demonstrated that skeletal muscle-specific PPARb transgenic (MCK-PPARb) mice exhibit increased exercise endurance, whereas MCK-PPARa mice have reduced exercise performance. Accordingly, we sought to determine whether PPARb and PPARa drive distinct programs involved in muscle fiber type determination. Myosin heavy chain (MHC) immunohistochemical staining of soleus muscle revealed a marked increase in type 1 fibers in the MCK-PPARb muscle compared to non-transgenic (NTG) littermates but a profound reduction in MCK-PPARa muscle. miRNA profiling revealed that levels of miR-208b and miR-499 were increased in MCK-PPARb muscle but reduced in MCK-PPARa muscle. miR-208b and miR-499, which are embedded in the Myh7 and Myh7b genes, respectively, have been shown previously to regulate slow-twitch muscle genes. Lastly, combined inhibition of miR-208b and miR-499 abolished the enhancing effects of PPARb on MHC1 expression in skeletal myotubes, while forced expression of miR-499 in MCK-PPARa muscle completely reversed the type 1 fiber program and exercise capacity. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that miR-208b and miR-499 are necessary to mediate the effects of PPARb and PPARa on muscle fiber type determination. Comparison of microRNA expression from soleus muscles isolated from wild-type (non-transgenic (NTG)) and PPARalpha-overexpressing (MCK-PPARa) mice, and comparison of microRNA expression from soleus muscles isolated from wild-type (NTG) and PPARbeta-overexpressing (MCK-PPARb) mice. Three replicates of each are analyzed.
2013-05-09 | E-GEOD-36498 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This study surveyed expression of genes which might be involved in regulating the satellite cell response to non-damaging exercise. Low density cDNA arrays were used to survey expression of selected cytokines and growth factors in the soleus muscle following 60 minutes of level running. Keywords: Exercise response; pre versus 24-hr post
2008-01-01 | GSE8321 | GEO
Project description:Exercise training improves whole body glucose homeostasis through effects largely attributed to adaptations in skeletal muscle; however, training also affects other tissues including adipose tissue. To determine if exercise-induced adaptations to adipose tissue contribute to training-induced improvements in glucose homeostasis, subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) from trained or sedentary donor mice was transplanted into the visceral cavity of sedentary recipients. Remarkably, nine days post-transplantation, mice receiving trained scWAT had improved glucose tolerance and enhanced insulin sensitivity compared to mice transplanted with sedentary scWAT or sham-treated mice. Mice transplanted with trained scWAT had increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in tibialis anterior and soleus muscles and brown adipose tissue, suggesting that the transplanted scWAT exerted endocrine effects. Furthermore, the deleterious effects of high-fat feeding on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were completely reversed if high-fat fed recipient mice were transplanted with trained scWAT. In additional experiments, voluntary exercise training by wheel running for only 11 days resulted in profound changes in scWAT including increased expression of ∼1550 genes involved in numerous cellular functions, including metabolism. Exercise training causes adaptations to scWAT that elicit metabolic improvements in other tissues, demonstrating a previously unrecognized role for adipose tissue in the beneficial effects of exercise on systemic glucose homeostasis. Microarray analysis of scWAT obtained from a cohort of mice that were housed in wheel cages for 11 days compared to sedentary control mice.
2015-04-22 | E-GEOD-68161 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Exercise training improves whole body glucose homeostasis through effects largely attributed to adaptations in skeletal muscle; however, training also affects other tissues including adipose tissue. To determine if exercise-induced adaptations to adipose tissue contribute to training-induced improvements in glucose homeostasis, subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) from trained or sedentary donor mice was transplanted into the visceral cavity of sedentary recipients. Remarkably, nine days post-transplantation, mice receiving trained scWAT had improved glucose tolerance and enhanced insulin sensitivity compared to mice transplanted with sedentary scWAT or sham-treated mice. Mice transplanted with trained scWAT had increased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in tibialis anterior and soleus muscles and brown adipose tissue, suggesting that the transplanted scWAT exerted endocrine effects. Furthermore, the deleterious effects of high-fat feeding on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were completely reversed if high-fat fed recipient mice were transplanted with trained scWAT. In additional experiments, voluntary exercise training by wheel running for only 11 days resulted in profound changes in scWAT including increased expression of ∼1550 genes involved in numerous cellular functions, including metabolism. Exercise training causes adaptations to scWAT that elicit metabolic improvements in other tissues, demonstrating a previously unrecognized role for adipose tissue in the beneficial effects of exercise on systemic glucose homeostasis.
2015-04-22 | GSE68161 | GEO
Project description:This experiment was conducted to identify target microRNAs of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) in skeletal muscle of transgenic mice that overexpressed PPARalpha or PPARbeta. We have recently demonstrated that skeletal muscle-specific PPARb transgenic (MCK-PPARb) mice exhibit increased exercise endurance, whereas MCK-PPARa mice have reduced exercise performance. Accordingly, we sought to determine whether PPARb and PPARa drive distinct programs involved in muscle fiber type determination. Myosin heavy chain (MHC) immunohistochemical staining of soleus muscle revealed a marked increase in type 1 fibers in the MCK-PPARb muscle compared to non-transgenic (NTG) littermates but a profound reduction in MCK-PPARa muscle. miRNA profiling revealed that levels of miR-208b and miR-499 were increased in MCK-PPARb muscle but reduced in MCK-PPARa muscle. miR-208b and miR-499, which are embedded in the Myh7 and Myh7b genes, respectively, have been shown previously to regulate slow-twitch muscle genes. Lastly, combined inhibition of miR-208b and miR-499 abolished the enhancing effects of PPARb on MHC1 expression in skeletal myotubes, while forced expression of miR-499 in MCK-PPARa muscle completely reversed the type 1 fiber program and exercise capacity. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that miR-208b and miR-499 are necessary to mediate the effects of PPARb and PPARa on muscle fiber type determination.
2013-05-09 | GSE36498 | GEO
Project description:Genome-wide maps of gene expression in mouse Soleus tissue.
| PRJNA667704 | ENA
Project description:Endurance exercise training has been shown to decrease whole-body and skeletal muscle insulin resistance and increase glucose tolerance in conditions of both pre-diabetes and overt type 2 diabetes. However, the adaptive responses in skeletal muscle at the molecular and genetic level for these beneficial effects of exercise training have not been clearly established in an animal model of pre-diabetes. The present study identifies alterations in skeletal muscle gene expression that occur with exercise training in pre-diabetic, insulin-resistant obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats and insulin-sensitive lean Zucker (Fa/-) rats. Treadmill running for up to 4 weeks caused significant enhancements of glucose tolerance as assessed by the integrated area under the curve for glucose (AUCg) during an oral glucose tolerance test in both lean and obese animals. Using microarray analysis, a set of only 12 genes was identified as both significantly altered (>1.5-fold change relative to sedentary controls; p<0.05) and significantly correlated (p<0.05) with the AUCg. Two of these genes, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-g coactivator 1a (PGC-1a) and the z-isoform of protein kinase C (PKC-z), have known involvement in the regulation of skeletal muscle glucose transport. We confirmed that protein expression levels of PGC-1a and PKC-z were positively correlated with the mRNA expression levels for these two genes. Overall, this study has identified a limited number of genes in soleus muscle of lean and obese Zucker rats that are associated with decreased insulin resistance and increase glucose tolerance following endurance exercise training. These findings could guide the development of pharmaceutical M-^Sexercise mimeticsM-^T in the treatment of insulin-resistant, pre-diabetic or overtly type 2 diabetic individuals.
2009-11-16 | E-TABM-213 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The processes of adaptation to environmental heat and aerobic exercise training improve efficiency in various body systems and bring about acclimatory homeostasis. In order to examine the global genomic responses of the soleus and heart following exposure of rats to these stressors, nylon cDNA Atlas Array was used. Male rats were exposed to one of the following stressors: heat acclimation, aerobic training (treadmill), and combined heat acclimation and aerobic training for short (2, 3 days) and long (1 mo) time period. The study comprised seven experimental groups: Controls-untreated. Heat acclimated groups (2dac, Acc)– exposure to environmental heat at 34C for 2 or 30 days. Exercise groups (3dex, Ex)– graduated training protocol under normothermic conditions for 3 and 30 days at 24C. Exercise training and heat acclimation – (3dexac, ExAc)- exposed to both environmental heat and aerobic exercise as above. The Series data tables appended below: 1) Heart - normalized log2 ratio of geomeans defined as treatment/control 2) Soleus - normalized log2 ratio of geomeans defined as treatment/control Keywords: stress response
2007-12-31 | GSE7799 | GEO