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Physical interaction with antigen presenting cells primes a T helper tumor lineage

ABSTRACT: Cellular interactions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) drive T cell effector function, or dysfunction, and define a primary mechanism to target anti-tumor T cell immunity. Currently, the interactions that shape T cell function in the TME remain poorly understood. Here, we mapped the molecular programs of T and antigen-presenting cell interactions in human early non-small cell lung carcinoma lesions by physically interacting cell (PIC) sequencing. PIC-seq and imaging identified that in the TME, but not normal lung, PICs are enriched in clonally expanded CD4+PD-1+CXCL13+ T cells, expressing a unique combination of checkpoint molecules, transcription-factors, and cytokines, defining a novel T helper tumor-specific (Tht) program, conserved across cancer types. In vitro and in vivo genetic models of antigen specificity confirmed that the Tht prevalence in TME PICs is driven by tumor-antigen presentation of dendritic cells. Our study highlights CD4+ T-dendritic cell physical interaction as a key factor regulating the TME.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE160903 | GEO | 2022/01/11

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is able to control HIV-1 viral replication, however long-lived latent infection in resting memory CD4+ T-cells persist. The mechanisms for establishment and maintenance of latent infection in resting memory CD4+ T-cells remain unclear. Previously we have shown that HIV-1 infection of resting CD4+ T-cells co-cultured with CD11c+ myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) produced a population of non-proliferating T-cells with latent infection. Here we asked whether different antigen presenting cells (APC), including subpopulations of DC and monocytes, were able to induce post-integration latent infection in resting CD4+ T-cells, and examined potential cell interactions that may be involved using RNA-seq. RESULTS: mDC (CD1c+), SLAN+ DC and CD14+ monocytes were most efficient in stimulating proliferation of CD4+ T-cells during syngeneic culture and in generating post-integration latent infection in non-proliferating CD4+ T-cells following HIV-1 infection of APC-T-cell co-cultures. In comparison, plasmacytoid DC (pDC) and B-cells did not induce latent infection in APC-T-cell co-cultures. We compared the RNA expression profiles of APC subpopulations that could and could not induce latency in non-proliferating CD4+ T-cells. Gene expression analysis, comparing the mDC, SLAN+ DC and CD14+ monocyte subpopulations to pDC identified 53 upregulated genes that encode proteins expressed on the plasma membrane that could signal to CD4+ T-cells via cell-cell interactions (32 genes), immune checkpoints (IC) (5 genes), T-cell activation (9 genes), regulation of apoptosis (5 genes), antigen presentation (1 gene) and through unknown ligands (1 gene). CONCLUSIONS: APC subpopulations from the myeloid lineage, specifically mDC subpopulations and CD14+ monocytes, were able to efficiently induce post-integration HIV-1 latency in non-proliferating CD4+ T-cells in vitro. Inhibition of key pathways involved in mDC-T-cell interactions and HIV-1 latency may provide novel targets to eliminate HIV latency. mRNA profiles of sorted, pure antigen presenting cells including, CD1c+ myleoid dendirtic cells (mDC), SLAN+ mDC, CD14+ monocytes and plasmacytoid DC (pDC), were generated using next generation sequencing in triplicate, using Illumina Illumina Hiseq 2000.

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Physical interaction with antigen presenting cells primes a T helper tumor lineage

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