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Pooled CRISPR Screening Identifies m6A as a Positive Regulator of Macrophage Activation [RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: The involvement of m6A modification in macrophage activation has been validated in our study that the expression of TNF-α in Mettl3-depleted Raw 264.7 cells stimulated with LPS were markedly reduced in comparison to control cells. To further explore the biological effects of m6A deficiency macrophages, we performed RNA sequencing analysis of Mettl3-KO and WT control Raw 264.7 cells upon LPS treatment. The GO enrichment analysis documented that the downregulated transcripts in Mettl3-KO Raw 264.7 cells were enriched in innate immune response related to defense and external stimulus. Notably, transcripts of the downstream components of the TLR4 signaling pathway, such as proinflammatory cytokines (Tnf-α, Il-6, Il-1β, Il-18,and Il-23) and co-stimulation molecules (Cd86), were downregulated in Mettl3-deficient cells, suggesting that METTL3 has a critical function in controlling the innate immune response of Raw 264.7 macrophages.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE162248 | GEO | 2021/04/30

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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METTL3 Regulates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response via the NOD1 Signaling Pathway

Project description:Inflammation is normally a protective response to defend and restore homeostasis; nonresolving inflammation is a major driver of immune disorders. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a prevalent mRNA modification that plays a crucial function in multiple biological processes. The effect of m6A on the immune response has recently been reported. However, the effect is unclear, and the results are contradictory. In this study, the expression of total m6A and the methyltransferase METTL3 decreased in LPS-stimulated macrophages. METTL3 knockdown significantly upregulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-6 and NO. RNA sequencing analysis showed that the upregulated genes were enriched in inflammation-related signaling pathways and that the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway might be the target molecules of METTL3. METTL3 depletion resulted in upregulation of the NOD1 pathway without impacting NOD2. Moreover, the increase in proinflammatory cytokines induced by METTL3 knockdown was reversed by blocking the NOD1 pathway using the NOD-IN-1 and ML130 specific inhibitors. Mechanistically, METTL3 knockdown promoted the mRNA expression and stability of NOD1 and RIPK2, and the same results were detected in m6A-binding protein YTHDF1- or YTHDF2-silenced cells. All findings suggested that METTL3 depletion inhibits the degradation of NOD1 and RIPK2 mRNA mediated by YTHDF1 and YTHDF2, which upregulate the NOD1 pathway and subsequently promote the LPS-induced inflammatory response in macrophages.

2022-06-01 | GSE189412 | GEO

Inhibition of METTL3 attenuates renal injury and inflammation by alleviating TAB3 m6A modifications via IGF2BP2-dependent mechanisms

Project description:The role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications in renal diseases is largely unknown. Here, we characterised the role of N6-adenosine-methyltransferase METTL3, whose expression is elevated in renal tubules in different acute kidney injury (AKI) models as well as in human biopsies and cultured tubular epithelial cells (TECs). METTL3 silencing alleviated renal inflammation and programmed cell death in TECs in response to stimulation by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), cisplatin, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), whereas METTL3 overexpression had the opposite effects. Conditional knockout (cKO) of METTL3 from mouse kidneys attenuated cisplatin- and ischemic/reperfusion (I/R)-induced renal dysfunction, injury, and inflammation. Moreover, TAB3 was identified as a target of METTL3 by m6A methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing and RNA sequencing. The stability of TAB3 was increased through binding of IGF2BP2 to its m6A-modified stop codon regions. The pro-inflammatory effects of TAB3 were then explored both in vivo and in vitro. Adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-mediated METTL3 silencing attenuated renal injury and inflammation in cisplatin- and LPS-induced AKI mouse models. We further identified Cpd-564 as a METTL3 inhibitor that had better protective effects against cisplatin- and I/R-induced renal injury and inflammation than S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine, a previously-identified METTL3 inhibitor. Collectively, METTL3 promoted m6A modification of TAB3 and enhanced its stability via IGF2BP2-dependent mechanisms. Both pharmacological and genetic inhibition of METTL3 attenuated renal injury and inflammation, suggesting that the METTL3/TAB3 axis is a potential target for treatment of AKI.

2023-12-15 | GSE198643 | GEO

Exosomal miRNA signatures of RAW 264.7 cells

Project description:To investigate the exosomal miRNA changes under LPS treatment in RAW 264.7 cells, 2 μg/mL LPS were added into complete medium to incubate RAW 264.7 cells. And then The exosomes were isolated and tested the exosomal miRNAs change using microarray.

2023-04-30 | GSE149630 | GEO

Sequencing of primary mouse machrophage and Raw 264.7 macrophage cell skewed in M1 or M2 conditions

Project description:We report the application of RNA sequencing to determine the transcriptional response of primary bone marrow macorphages and murine macrophage Raw 264.7 cells in response to stimulation with LPS/IFNgamma(M1) or IL-4 (M2) stimulation conditions

2019-04-30 | GSE113836 | GEO

Translation control of TAK1 mRNA by hnRNP K modulates LPS-induced macrophage activation

Project description:Macrophage activation by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is induced through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). The synthesis and activity of TLR4 downstream signalling molecules modulates the expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. To address the impact of post-transcriptional regulation on that process, we performed RIP-Chip analysis. Differential association of mRNAs with heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K), an mRNA-specific translational regulator in differentiating haematopoietic cells, was studied in non-induced and LPS-activated macrophages. Analysis of interactions affected by LPS revealed an enrichment of mRNAs encoding TLR4 downstream kinases and their modulators. We focused on transforming growth factor Î² activated kinase-1 (TAK1), a central player in TLR4 signalling. HnRNP K interacts specifically with a sequence in the TAK1 mRNA 3' UTR in vitro. Silencing of hnRNP K does not affect TAK1 mRNA synthesis and stability, but enhances TAK1 mRNA translation, resulting in elevated TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and IL-10 mRNA expression. Our data suggest that the hnRNP K-3' UTR complex inhibits TAK1 mRNA translation in non-induced macrophages. LPS-dependent TLR4 activation abrogates translational repression and newly synthesised TAK1 initiates the inflammatory response of macrophages. In this dataset, we include expression data of RAW 264.7 cells comparing untreated cells and 6h Lipopolysaccharide treatment, and analyse RNAs co-precipitating with hnRNP K dependent on LPS treatment. 12 total samples were analyzed, 6 samples of 2 biological replicates.

2014-07-01 | E-GEOD-48463 | biostudies-arrayexpress

CstF-64 Influenced Gene Expression

Project description:Triplicate samples of RAW 264.7 murine macrophages either untreated, stimulated with 100 ng/ml LPS for 18 hours, or constituitively over-expressing CstF-64 were analyzed by microarray using Affymetrix murine gene chip 430A. Keywords = RAW 264.7 macrophages Keywords = LPS Keywords = CstF-64 Keywords: repeat sample

2005-01-01 | GSE2002 | GEO

Human CA2 ES cells undergoing stepwise differentiation to airway epithelium and challenged with TNFa and LPS

Project description:This study examines the innate immune response of human pluripotent stem cell derived airway epithelium. Immune challenge was performed with TNF-alpha or bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Airway epithelium differentiated from the ES line CA2 was compared to paired differentiated cells stimulated with either TNF-alpha or LPS

2014-10-01 | E-GEOD-59472 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene expression of RAW 264.7 cells treated with LPS, ISO, PGE2, LPS PLUS ISO, and LPS PLUS PGE2

Project description:LPS plus ISO and LPS plus PGE2 had non-additive effects on gene expression in RAW 264.7 cells Keywords: time course

2006-06-06 | GSE4964 | GEO

Gene expression of RAW 264.7 cells treated with LPS, IFG, 2MA, LPS PLUS IFG, and LPS PLUS 2MA

Project description:LPS plus IFG and LPS plus 2MA had non-additive effects on gene expression in RAW 264.7 cells Keywords: time course

2006-06-06 | GSE4962 | GEO

Next Generation Sequencing of Wild Type and Hnrnpul1-/- RAW 264.7 Cells Transcriptomes

Project description:Purpose: The goal of this study is to compare NGS-derived wild type and Hnrnpul1 knockout (Hnrnpul1-/-) RAW 264.7 cells transcriptomes with or without LPS stimulation. Methods: Sequancing was performed by Novogene China Co. Ltd. RNA profiles of wild type and Hnrnpul1-/- RAW 264.7 cells as well as LPS stimulated (10 h) wild type and Hnrnpul1-/- RAW 264.7 cells were generated by deep sequencing using Illumina Novaseq 6000. Index of the reference genome was built using Hisat2 v2.0.5 and paired-end clean reads were aligned to the reference genome using Hisat2 v2.0.5. featureCounts v1.5.0-p3 was used to count the reads numbers mapped to each gene. And then FPKM of each gene was calculated based on the length of the gene and reads count mapped to this gene. Method of TMM was used to normalize the readcount. Negative binomial distribution model was used to calculate the P value, and FDR was calculated by the method of Benjaminiand Hochberg. Results: Using an optimized data analysis workflow, we mapped about 40 million sequence reads per sample to the mouse genome (GRCm38/mm10). Comparing to wild type RAW 264.7 cells, 237 genes were up-regulated and 181 genes were down-regulated in Hnrnpul1-/- cells. At 10 h following LPS stimulation, 341 genes were up-regulated and 288 genes were down-regulated in Hnrnpul1-/- cells. Genes were pre-ranked according to log2FoldChange(KO/WT) followed by GSEA and 6 gene sets were significantly enriched. Significantly differential genes were undergone GO analysis (biological process) and biological process including cell-cell adhesion, positive regulation of cell activation and regulation of response to external stimulus were enriched. Conclusions: Lacking Hnrnpul1 promotes the expression of inflammatory cytokines in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.

2022-06-01 | GSE196232 | GEO

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