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Notch signaling rapidly regulates the expression of the small GTPase RND1 and a diverse endothelial transcriptome

ABSTRACT: Endothelial Notch signaling regulates transcription of many downstream effectors controlling sprouting, migration, proliferation, barrier formation, and other phenotypes. However, endothelial-relevant Notch targets are largely uncharacterized. Few are studied in depth, and many transient, early response Notch targets are yet to be described. We therefore determined the Notch early response transcriptional profile in several experimentally relevant in vivo and in vitro contexts: ligand-specific or EGTA-induced Notch activation in different primary endothelial cells, and gamma secretase-mediated Notch inhibition in neonatal brain endothelium in a RiboTag mouse model. The intersection of these profiles reveals a core set of early Notch-responsive targets. Among these are effectors in GPCR signaling, not previously implicated downstream of Notch signaling. We demonstrate the Rho GTPase RND1 is a direct Notch transcriptional target and required for Notch control of sprouting angiogenesis, endothelial migration and Ras activity.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE163568 | GEO | 2022/01/11

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The small GTPase RhoA regulates a variety of cellular processes, including cell motility, proliferation, survival and permeability. In addition, there are reports suggesting that the RhoA-ROCK axis plays a role in VEGF-mediated angiogenesis, whereas other work has shown opposite effects. To elucidate this conflicting data, we examined HUVEC and HCAEC after stable overexpression (lentiviral transduction) of constitutively active (G14V/Q63L), dominant-negative (T19N), or wild-type RhoA using a variety of in vitro angiogenesis assays (proliferation, migration, tube formation, angiogenic sprouting, endothelial cell viability) and a HUVEC xenograft assay in immune incompetent NSGTM mice in vivo. We observed that expression of active as well as wild-type RhoA but not expression of dominant-negative RhoA significantly increased endothelial cell death as well as inhibited endothelial cell proliferation, migration, tube formation and angiogenic sprouting of endothelial cells in vitro and reduced HUVEC-related angiogenesis in vivo. Inhibition of RhoA by C3 transferase antagonized inhibitory RhoA effects and strongly enhanced VEGF-induced angiogenic sprouting in control-treated cells. In contrast, inhibition of RhoA effectors ROCK1/2 and LIMK1/2 had no significant effect on RhoA-related effects, but again increased angiogenic sprouting and migration of control-treated cells. In line with these data, VEGF did not activate RhoA in HUVEC as measured by a FRET-based biosensor. Furthermore, global transcriptome and subsequent bioinformatic gene ontology (GO) enrichment analyses revealed that constitutively active RhoA induces a differentially expressed gene pattern that is enriched for GO biological process terms such as mitotic nuclear division, cell proliferation, cell motility and cell adhesion and includes a significant decrease in VEGFR-2 and NOS3 expression. Thus, our data demonstrate that increased RhoA activity has the potential to trigger endothelial dysfunction and anti-angiogenic effects independently of its well-characterized downstream effectors ROCK and LIMK.

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Notch signaling rapidly regulates the expression of the small GTPase RND1 and a diverse endothelial transcriptome

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