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Downregulation of ARID1B, a tumor-suppressor in the WNT subgroup medulloblastoma, activates multiple oncogenic signaling pathways

ABSTRACT: About 85% of WNT subgroup medulloblastomas exhibit the loss of one copy of chromosome 6. Loss of function mutations were identified in the ARID1B gene located on chromosome 6 in WNT subgroup tumors suggesting tumor suppressor role for ARID1B in WNT medulloblastomas. The expression of ARID1B was downregulated in the medulloblastoma cell line Daoy using two independent shRNA sequences in a doxycycline-inducible lentiviral vector tet-pLKO-puro and the effect of its downregulation on the gene expression profile was studied by the RNA-seq analysis

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE163810 | GEO | 2021/08/26

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Recent genomic approaches have suggested the existence of multiple distinct subtypes of medulloblastoma. We studied a large cohort of medulloblastomas to determine how many subgroups of the disease exist, how they differ, and the extent of overlap between subgroups. We determined gene expression profiles and DNA copy number aberrations for 103 primary medulloblastomas. Bioinformatic tools were used for class discovery of medulloblastoma subgroups based on the most informative genes in the dataset. Immunohistochemistry for subgroup-specific ‘signature’ genes was used to determine subgroup affiliation for 294 non-overlapping medulloblastomas on two independent tissue microarrays (TMAs). Multiple unsupervised analyses of transcriptional profiles identified four distinct, non-overlapping molecular variants: WNT, SHH, Group C, and Group D. Supervised analysis of these four subgroups revealed significant subgroup-specific demographics, histology, metastatic status, and DNA copy number aberrations. Immunohistochemistry for DKK1 (WNT), SFRP1 (SHH), NPR3 (Group C), and KCNA1 (Group D) could reliably and uniquely classify formalin fixed medulloblastomas in ~98% of cases. Group C patients (NPR3 +ve tumors) exhibited a significantly diminished progression free and overall survival irrespective of their metastatic status. Our integrative genomics approach to a large cohort of medulloblastomas has identified four disparate subgroups with distinct demographics, clinical presentation, transcriptional profiles, genetic abnormalities, and clinical outcome. Medulloblastomas can be reliably assigned to subgroups through immunohistochemistry, thereby making medulloblastoma sub-classification widely available. Future research on medulloblastoma and the development of clinical trials should take into consideration these four distinct types of medulloblastoma. A total of 103 primary medulloblastoma specimens were profiled by Affymetrix exon array and gene-level analysis was performed.

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Downregulation of ARID1B, a tumor-suppressor in the WNT subgroup medulloblastoma, activates multiple oncogenic signaling pathways

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