The variation of bivalent histone modifications were tested during germline stem cell differentiation [ChIP-seq]
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE163928 | GEO | 2022/01/12
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:During in vitro spermatogenesis and transdifferentiation of female germline stem cells into haploid spermatid-like cells , the variation of chromatin organization by using in situ Hi-C were tested
2022-01-12 | GSE163929 | GEO
Project description:Bivalent domains marked with repressive H3K27me3 and activating H3K4me2/3 are a molecular signature of totipotency in stem cells and development. While bivalent domains are retained throughout the germline to recover totipotency in the next generation, the mechanisms establishing bivalent domains remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that a germline-specific Polycomb protein, SCML2, binds to chromatin containing hypomethylated DNA to induce H3K27me3, thereby initiating the establishment of germline-specific bivalent domains in mice. SCML2 regulates two distinct classes of autosomal bivalent domains, the first are maintained constitutively through spermatogenesis (Class I), and the second are specifically established during meiosis (Class II). In postmeiotic spermatids, the loss of H3K27me3 leads to an increase of H3K4me2/3 on bivalent domains and disorganization of pericentromic heterochromatin. We propose that SCML2 regulates dynamic bivalent domains in the germline as a molecular imprint to recover totipotency after fertilization.
2018-04-12 | GSE89502 | GEO
Project description:The male germline transcriptome changes dramatically during the mitosis-to-meiosis transition to activate late spermatogenesis genes and to transiently suppress genes commonly expressed in somatic lineages and spermatogenesis progenitor cells, termed somatic/progenitor genes. These changes reflect epigenetic regulation. Induction of late spermatogenesis genes during spermatogenesis is facilitated by poised chromatin established in the stem cell phases of spermatogonia, whereas silencing of somatic/progenitor genes during meiosis and postmeiosis is associated with formation of bivalent domains which also allows the recovery of the somatic/progenitor program after fertilization. Importantly, during spermatogenesis mechanisms of epigenetic regulation on sex chromosomes are different from autosomes: X-linked somatic/progenitor genes are suppressed by meiotic sex chromosome inactivation without deposition of H3K27me3. Our results suggest that bivalent H3K27me3 and H3K4me2/3 domains are not limited to developmental promoters (which maintain bivalent domains that are silent throughout the reproductive cycle), but also underlie reversible silencing of somatic/progenitor genes during the mitosis-to-meiosis transition in late spermatogenesis. 29 samples analyzed by ChIP-Seq
2015-06-18 | E-GEOD-69946 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The male germline transcriptome changes dramatically during the mitosis-to-meiosis transition to activate late spermatogenesis genes and to transiently suppress genes commonly expressed in somatic lineages and spermatogenesis progenitor cells, termed somatic/progenitor genes. These changes reflect epigenetic regulation. Induction of late spermatogenesis genes during spermatogenesis is facilitated by poised chromatin established in the stem cell phases of spermatogonia, whereas silencing of somatic/progenitor genes during meiosis and postmeiosis is associated with formation of bivalent domains which also allows the recovery of the somatic/progenitor program after fertilization. Importantly, during spermatogenesis mechanisms of epigenetic regulation on sex chromosomes are different from autosomes: X-linked somatic/progenitor genes are suppressed by meiotic sex chromosome inactivation without deposition of H3K27me3. Our results suggest that bivalent H3K27me3 and H3K4me2/3 domains are not limited to developmental promoters (which maintain bivalent domains that are silent throughout the reproductive cycle), but also underlie reversible silencing of somatic/progenitor genes during the mitosis-to-meiosis transition in late spermatogenesis.
2015-06-18 | GSE69946 | GEO
Project description:The variation of bivalent histone modifications were tested during germline stem cell differentiation [ChIP-seq]
| PRJNA688247 | ENA
Project description:The mammalian male germline is sustained by a pool of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) that can transmit both genetic and epigenetic information to offspring. However, the mechanisms underlying epigenetic transmission remain unclear. The histone methyltransferase Kmt2b is highly expressed in SSCs and required for the SSC-to-progenitor transition. At the stem cell stage, Kmt2b catalyzes H3K4me3 at bivalent H3K27me3-marked promoters as well as at promoters of a new class of genes lacking H3K27me3, which we call monovalent. Monovalent genes are mainly activated in late spermatogenesis while the bivalent genes are mainly not expressed until embryonic development. These data suggest that SSCs are epigenetically primed by Kmt2b in two distinguishable ways for the upregulation of gene expression during the spermatogenic program and through the male germline into the embryo. Because Kmt2b is also the major H3K4 methyltransferase for bivalent promoters in embryonic stem cells, we also propose that Kmt2b has the capacity to epigenetically prime stem cells.
2018-11-18 | GSE92677 | GEO
Project description:The variation of bivalent histone modifications and 3D chromosome structure during germline stem cell differentiation
| PRJNA688244 | ENA
Project description:The genome of male germ cells is actively transcribed during spermatogenesis to produce phase-specific protein coding mRNAs and a considerable amount of different non-coding RNAs. Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granule-mediated RNA regulation provides a powerful means to secure the quality and correct expression of the requisite transcripts. Haploid spermatids are characterized by a unique, unusually large cytoplasmic granule, the chromatoid body (CB), that emerges during the switch between the meiotic and post-meiotic phases of spermatogenesis. To better understand the role of the CB in male germ cell differentiation, we isolated CBs from mouse testes and revealed its full RNA and protein composition. We showed that the CB is mainly composed of RNA-binding proteins and other proteins involved RNA regulation. The CB was loaded with RNA, including pachytene piRNAs, a diverse set of mRNAs and a number of uncharacterized long non-coding transcripts. The CB was demonstrated to accumulate nascent RNA during all the steps of round spermatid differentiation. Our results revealed the CB as a large germ cell-specific RNP platform that is involved in the control of the highly complex transcriptome of haploid male germ cells. Transcriptome profling of purified chromatoid body, each steps of chromatoid body purification, and sortred round spermatid cells
2014-01-24 | E-GEOD-54286 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The genome of male germ cells is actively transcribed during spermatogenesis to produce phase-specific protein coding mRNAs and a considerable amount of different non-coding RNAs. Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granule-mediated RNA regulation provides a powerful means to secure the quality and correct expression of the requisite transcripts. Haploid spermatids are characterized by a unique, unusually large cytoplasmic granule, the chromatoid body (CB), that emerges during the switch between the meiotic and post-meiotic phases of spermatogenesis. To better understand the role of the CB in male germ cell differentiation, we isolated CBs from mouse testes and revealed its full RNA and protein composition. We showed that the CB is mainly composed of RNA-binding proteins and other proteins involved RNA regulation. The CB was loaded with RNA, including pachytene piRNAs, a diverse set of mRNAs and a number of uncharacterized long non-coding transcripts. The CB was demonstrated to accumulate nascent RNA during all the steps of round spermatid differentiation. Our results revealed the CB as a large germ cell -specific RNP platform that is involved in the control of the highly complex transcriptome of haploid male germ cells. Small RNA profiling of purified chromatoid body, each steps of chromatoid body purification, and sortred round spermatid cells
2014-01-24 | E-GEOD-54287 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:During the post-meiotic phase of spermatogenesis, transcription is progressively repressed as the nuclei of haploid spermatids are compacted through a dramatic chromatin reorganization involving hyper-acetylation and replacement of most histones with sperm-specific protamines. Although BRDT has been shown to function in transcription as well as histone removal in post-meiotic spermatids, it is unknown whether other BET family proteins play a role. Immunofluorescence of mouse testes revealed BRD4 in a complete ring around the nuclei of spermatids containing hyper-acetylated histones. The BRD4 ring lies directly adjacent to the acroplaxome, or the cytoskeletal base of the acrosome, and does not form in acrosomal mutant mice. ChIP sequencing in round spermatids revealed enrichment of BRD4 and acetylated histone H3 and H4 at the promoters of active genes. GO Term analysis showed that BRD4 and BRDT bind to distinct subsets of spermatogenesis-specific genes. Association of BRD4 with Cyclin T1 decreases as spermatogenesis progresses despite a persistence of association with acetylated H4. Moreover, acetylated histones are removed from the condensing spermatid nucleus in a wave following the progressing acrosome. These data provide evidence for an interesting mechanism in which BRD4 and perhaps acetylated histones are removed from the spermatid genome via the progressing acrosome as transcription is repressed. Single replicates each of Brd4, H3K9me3, H3K9ac, H4K5ac, H4K8ac, H4K12ac, H4K16ac, H4Kac (pan-acetyl antibody), and input in mouse round spermatid cells; input is used to control for local sonication efficiency bias.
2015-03-06 | E-GEOD-56526 | biostudies-arrayexpress