Single nucleus sequencing of SOX2+ glioma stem nuclei from IDH1/TP53-mutant and wild-type glioma samples
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE164624 | GEO | 2021/01/12
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Glioma growth is often accompanied by a hypoxic microenvironment favorable for the induction and maintenance of the glioma stem cell (GSC) phenotype. Due to the paucity of cell models of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 mutant (IDH1mut) GSCs, biology under hypoxic conditions has not been sufficiently studied as compared to IDH1 wildtype (IDH1wt) GSCs. We therefore grew well-characterized IDH1mut (n = 4) and IDH1wt (n = 4) GSC lines under normoxic (20%) and hypoxic (1.5%) culture conditions and harvested mRNA after 72 h. Transcriptome analyses were performed and hypoxia regulated genes were further analyzed using the expression and clinical data of the lower grade glioma cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (LGG TCGA) in a confirmatory approach and to test for possible survival associations. Results show that global expression changes were more pronounced in IDH1wt than in IDH1mut GSCs. However, when focusing on known hypoxia-regulated gene sets, enrichment analyses showed a comparable regulation in both IDH1mut and IDH1wt GSCs. Of 272 significantly up-regulated genes under hypoxic conditions in IDH1mut GSCs a hypoxia-related survival score (HRS-score) of five genes (LYVE1, FAM162A, WNT6, OTP, PLOD1) was identified by the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) algorithm which was able to predict survival independent of age, 1p19q co-deletion status and WHO grade (II vs. III) in the LGG TCGA cohort and in the Rembrandt dataset. Altogether, we were able to identify and validate a novel hypoxia-related survival score in IDH1mut GSCs consisting of five hypoxia-regulated genes which was significantly associated with patient survival independent of known prognostic confounders.
2018-09-25 | GSE118683 | GEO
Project description:Glioma-derived stem-like cells (GSCs) are hypothesized to provide a repository of cells in tumors that can self-replicate and be resistant to radiation and chemotherapeutic agents developed for the treatment of tumors. The potential lack of response of GSCs to traditional cytotoxic and radiation therapies has significant implications for tumor biology and therapeutics. At M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, a large number of GSC lines representing several glioma sub-types have been isolated and characterized with respect to gene expression. In order to identify potential therapeutic targets relating to GSC phenotype, we examined protein expression in 35 GSC lines relative to an external protein standard using label-free quantitative proteomics. Samples were analyzed in triplicate by nanoLC-MS/MS (Orbitrap Elite, Thermo) in block-randomized groups of three GSCs plus the external standard. The resulting .raw files were aligned by group in Progenesis LC-MS (Nonlinear Dynamics). Database searching was performed with PEAKS 6 software (BSI) against a UniprotKB/SwissProt Human database appended with the cRAP contaminant database. Peptide intensities were exported for analysis in DanteR. The resulting relative fold changes were used to drive unsupervised hierarchical clustering of the cell lines for the purpose of classifying cell lines, and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) and the DAVID webtool were used to determine the biochemical pathways and biological processes impacted by protein changes in each cell line. Within IPA, Upstream Analysis was used to predict biological functions and transcriptional regulators whose increased or decreased activity was consistent with the observed fold changes, and the resulting upstream regulators with significant z-scores were exported for unsupervised hierarchical clustering. In addition to showing upstream regulators known to be associated with glioma, including Myc, tumor protein 53 (TP53), N-myc proto-oncogene protein (MYCN), two novel upstream regulators, synoviolin 1 (SYVN1) and interleukin 5 (IL5) were identified. A cluster of proteins found to be decreased relative to mixed control in mesenchymal cell lines was subjected to further bioinformatics analysis, identifying SRSF2 as a potential upstream regulator.
2015-07-07 | PXD001890 | Pride
Project description:Abnormal activation of stemness factors is a crucial signature of cancer stem cells (CSCs), a highly tumorigenic subpopulation in malignant tumors. However, it is unclear whether multi-signaling pathways are activated in CSCs, as like normal stem cells. I would like to report that an inhibitor of differentiation 1 (ID1) activates intracellular multi-signaling involved in proliferation, genesis, and maintenance of glioma stem cells (GSCs) by suppression of Cullin3, an E3 ubiquitin ligase that degrades Cyclin E and components of SHH and WNT signaling. ID1 inhibits BMP-dependent differentiation of GSCs by activation of BMPR2-targeting miR17/20a. ID1HIGH-Cullin3LOW signature correlates with a poor prognosis of GBM patients with a significant association to gene signatures enriched in EGF, WNT, SHH, and BMP signaling. Combinational inhibition of GSC intracellular multi-signaling network increases tumor-bearing mice survival. These results provide insights on molecular and cellular basis of GSC biology, and also suggest necessity of multi-signaling inhibition for GSCs therapy. Two human primary glioma stem cells (GSCs) such as GSC2 and GSC8 were isolated from two individual primary human glioma specimens. The GSCs were directly transfected with pSuper-GFP-ID1-shRNA and pSuper-GFP-Scrambled-shRNA using FuGENE 6 reagent (Roche). The RNA extraction in these cells was used to analyze gene expression.
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Project description:Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 or 2 (IDH1/2) define glioma subtypes and are 38 considered primary events in gliomagenesis, impacting tumor epigenetics and metabolism. 39 IDH enzymes are crucial for the generation of reducing potential, yet the impact of the mutation 40 on the cellular antioxidant system is not understood. Here, we investigate how glutathione 41 (GSH) levels are maintained in IDH1 mutant gliomas, despite an altered NADPH/NADP 42 balance. We find that IDH1 mutant astrocytomas specifically upregulate cystathionine γ-lyase 43 (CSE), the enzyme responsible for cysteine production upstream of GSH biosynthesis. Genetic 44 and chemical interference with CSE in patient-derived glioma cells carrying the endogenous 45 IDH1 mutation, sensitized tumor cells to cysteine depletion, an effect not observed in IDH1 46 wild-type gliomas. This correlated with reduced GSH synthesis as shown by in vitro and in vivo 47 serine tracing and led to delayed tumor growth in mice. Thus we show that IDH1 mutant 48 astrocytic gliomas critically rely on NADPH-independent de novo GSH synthesis to maintain 49 the antioxidant defense, which uncovers a novel metabolic vulnerability in this dismal disease.
2021-11-25 | PXD022752 | Pride
Project description:Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and malignant type of glioma, is characterized by a poor prognosis and the lack of an effective treatment, which are due to a small sub-population of cells with stem-like properties, termed glioma stem cells (GSCs). The term M-bM-^@M-^\multiformeM-bM-^@M-^] describes the histological feature of this tumor, i.e. the cellular and morphological heterogeneity. At the molecular level multiple layers of alterations may reflect this heterogeneity providing together the driving force of tumor initiation and development. In order to decipher the common M-bM-^@M-^\signatureM-bM-^@M-^] of the ancestral GSC population, we examined 5 already characterized GSC lines evaluating their copy number alterations using a genome-wide approach. Genomic DNA was isolated from 5 Glioma Stem Cell (GSC) lines. Each sample was labeled with Cy3 dye and then hybridized against the same commercial reference DNA labeled in Cy5.
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Project description:Single nucleus sequencing of SOX2+ glioma stem nuclei from IDH1/TP53-mutant and wild-type glioma samples
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Project description:Glioblastoma is a malignant brain tumor that is highly resistant to radiation and chemotherapy, where patients survive on average only 15 months after diagnosis. Furthering the understanding of mechanisms leading to radiation resistance of glioma is paramount to identify novel therapeutic targets. Previous studies have shown that glioma stem cells (GSCs) play an important role in promoting radiation resistance and disease recurrence. Herein we analyze the proteomic alterations occurring in patient-derived GSCs upon radiation treatment in order to identify molecular drivers of resistance. We show that proteome changes upon radiation accurately predict the resistance status of the cells, and that resistance to radiation does not correlate with glioma transcriptional subtypes. We further show that the radio-resistant cell line GSC-267 sheds microvesicles (MVs) enriched in the metabolic enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT).
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Project description:Glioblastomas show heterogeneous histological features. These distinct phenotypic states are thought to be associated with the presence of glioma stem cells (GSCs), which are highly tumorigenic and self-renewing sub-population of tumor cells that have different functional characteristics. To investigate Glioblastomas (GBMs) show heterogeneous histological features. These distinct phenotypic states are thought to be originated by the glioma stem cells (GSCs), which are highly tumorigenic and self-renewing sub-population of tumor cells. Notch signaling has been shown to be important for maintenance of GSC population both in vitro and in vivo. A recent study showed that NOTCH -triggered oncogenic activity can be due to not only its ability to regulate coding genes but also long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Here, we investigated the molecular effects of lncRNA in GSC, whose expression is induced by Notch signaling. We searched for downregulated lncRNAs in GSCs by treatment of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting Notch1 and JAG1 (si-Notch1 and si-JAG1).
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