Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Comprehensive mapping of SARS-CoV-2 interactions in vivo reveals virus-snoRNA interactions

ABSTRACT: SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus is one of the largest RNA viruses (26-32kb) and has emerged as a major threat to global public health. The resulting pandemic has caused global societal and economic disruptions. Here, we investigate the intramolecular and intermolecular RNA interactions of wildtype and a 382 deletion SARS-CoV-2 virus inside cells. We identified twelve potentially functional structural elements along the SARS-CoV-2 genome and observed that subgenomic viral RNA (sgRNAs) contains different structures that could be important for their functions using direct RNA sequencing. Proximity ligation sequencing experiments identified hundreds of intramolecular and intermolecular pair-wise interactions within the virus genome and between virus and host cellular RNAs. SARS-CoV-2 binds strongly to mitochondrial and nucleolar RNAs including COX1 and SNORD27, and contains 130 2’O-methylation sites along its genome. 2’O-methylation sites along the virus RNA are enriched in the UTRs and associated with increased pair-wise interactions. SARS-CoV-2 infection also results in a global decrease of 2’O-methylation sites on host mRNAs, suggesting that binding of SARS-CoV-2 to snoRNAs could be a pro-viral mechanism to sequester methylation machinery away from host RNAs to methylate the virus genome. Collectively, these studies deepen our understanding of the molecular basis of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity, its cellular host factors and provides a platform for targeting the virus.

ORGANISM(S): Chlorocebus

PROVIDER: GSE165005 | GEO | 2021/07/05

REPOSITORIES: GEO

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Diagnostic Microbiology & Infectious Disease Rapid and sensitive detection of Sars-CoV-2 variants in nasopharyngeal swabs and wastewaters

Project description:The SARS-CoV-2 virus is continuously evolving, with appearance of new variants characterized by multiple genomic mutations, some of which can affect functional properties, including infectivity, interactions with host immunity, and disease severity. The rapid spread of new SARS-CoV-2 variants has highlighted the urgency to trace the virus evolution, to help limit its diffusion, and to assess effectiveness of containment strategies. We propose here a PCR-based rapid, sensitive and low-cost allelic discrimination assay panel for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 genotypes, useful for detection in different sample types, such as nasopharyngeal swabs and wastewater. The tests carried out demonstrate that this in-house assay, whose results were confirmed by SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequencing, can detect variations in up to 10 viral genome positions at once and is specific and highly sensitive for identification of all tested SARS-CoV-2 clades, even in the case of samples very diluted and of poor quality, particularly difficult to analyze.

2022-06-03 | E-MTAB-11261 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Host nasopharyngeal transcriptome analysis in a SARS-CoV-2 positive Italian cohort

Project description:The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has affected millions of people worldwide and has significant implications for public health. Host transcriptomics profiling provides comprehensive understanding of how the virus interacts with host cells and how the host responds to the virus. COVID-19 disease alters the host transcriptome, affecting cellular pathways and key molecular functions. To contribute to the global effort to understand the virus’s effect on host cell transcriptome, we have generated a dataset from nasopharyngeal swabs of 35 individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 from the Campania region in Italy during the three outbreaks, with different clinical conditions. This dataset will help to elucidate the complex interactions among genes and can be useful in the development of effective therapeutic pathways

2023-05-25 | E-MTAB-13028 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Sequence and dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 host cell interactions inferred from transcriptome analyses

Project description:The worldwide spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS- CoV-2) caused an urgent need for an in-depth understanding of virus-host interactions. Here, we dissected the dynamics of virus replication and the host cell transcriptional response to SARS-CoV-2 infection at a systems level by combining time-resolved RNA sequencing with mathematical modeling. We observed an immediate transcriptional activation of inflammatory pathways linked to the anti-viral response followed by increased expression of genes involved in ribosome and mitochondria function, thus hinting at rapid alterations in protein production and cellular energy supply. At later stages, metabolic processes, in particular those related to xenobiotic metabolism, were downregulated. To gain a deeper understanding of the underlying transcriptional dynamics, we developed an ODE model of SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication. Mathematical modeling of SARS-CoV-2 replication suggested a strong inhibitory effect of SARS-CoV-2 proteins on the anti-viral response and a large excess of virus transcripts over the translation capacity. Our study provides insights into the sequence of SARS-CoV-2 virus-host interactions and facilitates the identification of druggable host pathways supporting virus replication.

2022-11-10 | GSE217504 | GEO

The PDZ-binding motif of SARS-CoV envelope protein is a determinant of viral pathogenesis

Project description:A recombinant SARS-CoV lacking the envelope (E) protein is attenuated in vivo. Here we report that E protein PDZ-binding motif (PBM), a domain involved in protein-protein interactions, is a major virulence determinant in vivo. Elimination of SARS-CoV E protein PBM by using reverse genetics led to attenuated viruses (SARS-CoV-mutPBM) and to a reduction in the deleterious exacerbate immune response triggered during infection with the parental virus (SARS-CoV-wt). Cellular protein syntenin bound E protein PBM during SARS-CoV infection. Syntenin activates p38 MAPK leading to overexpression of inflammatory cytokines, and we have shown that active p38 MAPK was reduced in lungs of mice infected with SARS-CoVs lacking E protein PBM (SARS-CoV-mutPBM) as compared with the parental virus (SARS-CoV-wt), leading to a decreased expression of inflammatory cytokines and to viral attenuation. Therefore, E protein PBM is a virulence factor that activates pathogenic immune response most likely by using syntenin as a mediator of p38 MAPK induced inflammation. Three biological replicates were independently hybridized (one channel per slide) for each sample type (SARS-CoV-wt, SARS-CoV-mutPBM, Mock). Slides were Sure Print G3 Agilent 8x60K Mouse (G4852A-028005)

2014-10-31 | E-GEOD-52920 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Bulk RNA Barcoding and sequencing (BRB-seq) of Mock, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 infected human airway epithelial cell cultures at 33°C and 37°C

Project description:For the assessment of host response dynamics to SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 infections in human airway epithelial cells at ambient temperature corresponding to the upper or lower respiratory tract. We performed a temporal transcriptome analysis on human airway epithelial cell (hAEC) cultures infected with SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, as well as uninfected hAEC cultures, incubated either at 33°C or 37°C. hAEC cultures were harvested at 24, 48 72, 96 hpi and processed for Bulk RNA Barcoding and sequencing (BRB-seq), which allows a rapid and sensitive genome-wide transcriptomic analysis in a highly multiplexed manner. Transcriptome data was obtained from a total of 7 biological donors for pairwise comparisons of SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2 virus-infected to unexposed hAEC cultures at respective time points and temperatures.

2020-11-27 | E-MTAB-9781 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus envelope protein regulates cell stress responses and apoptosis

Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS-CoV) that lacks the envelope (E) gene (rSARS-CoV-ΔE) is attenuated in vivo [1,2]. To identify factors that contribute to rSARS-CoV-ΔE attenuation, gene expression in cells infected by SARS-CoV with or without E gene was compared. Twenty-five stress response genes were preferentially upregulated during infection in the absence of the E gene. In addition, genes involved in signal transduction, transcription, cell metabolism, immunoregulation, inflammation, apoptosis and cell cycle and differentiation were differentially regulated in cells infected with rSARS-CoV with or without the E gene. Administration of E protein in trans reduced the stress response in cells infected with rSARS-CoV-ΔE, with respiratory syncytial virus, or treated with drugs, such as tunicamycin and thapsigarcin that elicit cell stress by different mechanisms. In addition, SARS-CoV E protein down-regulated the signaling pathway inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE-1) of the unfolded protein response, but not the PKR-like ER kinase (PERK) or activating transcription factor 6 (ATF-6) pathways, and reduced cell apoptosis. Overall, the activation of the IRE-1 pathway was not able to restore cell homeostasis, and apoptosis was induced probably as a meassure to protect the host by limiting virus production and dissemination. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines was reduced in rSARS-CoV-ΔE-infected cells compared to rSARS-CoV-infected cells, suggesting that the increase in stress responses and the reduction of inflammation in the absence of the E gene contributed to the attenuation of rSARS-CoV-ΔE. We used Affymetrix microarrays (Human Genome U133 plus 2.0) to compare global gene expression between SARS-CoV-infected, mock-infected and SARS-CoV-ΔE-infected cells. For ech type of sample three hybridizations were carried-out (independent biological replicates).

2012-06-20 | E-GEOD-30589 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Renz2020 - GEM of Human alveolar macrophage with SARS-CoV-2

Project description:Background: The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) currently spreads worldwide, causing the disease COVID-19. The number of infections increases daily, without any approved antiviral therapy. The recently released viral nucleotide sequence enables the identification of therapeutic targets, e.g., by analyzing integrated human-virus metabolic models. Investigations of changed metabolic processes after virus infections and the effect of knock-outs on the host and the virus can reveal new potential targets. Results: We generated an integrated host-virus genome-scale metabolic model of human alveolar macrophages and SARS-CoV-2. Analyses of stoichiometric and metabolic changes between uninfected and infected host cells using flux balance analysis (FBA) highlighted the different requirements of host and virus. Conclusion: Consequently, alterations in the metabolism can have different effects on host and virus, leading to potential antiviral targets. One of these potential targets is guanylate kinase (GK1). In FBA analyses, the knock-out of the guanylate kinase decreased the growth of the virus to zero, while not affecting the host. As GK1 inhibitors are described in the literature, its potential therapeutic effect for SARS-CoV-2 infections needs to be verified in in-vitro experiments.

2021-04-30 | MODEL2003020001 | BioModels

The Isolation and In vitro Differentiation of Primary Fetal Baboon Tracheal Epithelial Cells for the Study of SARS-CoV-2 Host-Virus Interactions

Project description:The mucociliary airway epithelium lines the human airways and is the primary site of host-environmental interactions in the lung. Following virus infection, airway epithelial cells initiate an innate immune response to suppress virus replication. Therefore, defining the virus-host interactions of the mucociliary airway epithelium is critical for understanding the mechanisms that regulate virus infection, including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Non-human primates (NHP) are closely related to humans; and provide a model to study human disease. However, ethical considerations and high costs can restrict the use of in vivo NHP models. Therefore, there is a need to develop in vitro NHP models of human respiratory virus infection that would allow for rapidly characterizing virus tropism and suitability of specific NHP species to model human infection. Using the olive baboon (Papio anubis), we have developed methodologies for the isolation, in vitro expansion, cryopreservation, and mucociliary differentiation of primary fetal baboon tracheal epithelial cells (FBTECs). Furthermore, we demonstrate that in vitro differentiated FBTECs are permissive to SARS-CoV-2 infection and produce a potent host innate-immune response. In summary, we have developed an in vitro NHP model that provides a platform for the study of SARS-CoV-2 infection and other human respiratory viruses.

2023-03-14 | GSE226820 | GEO

High body temperature increases gut microbiota-dependent host resistance to influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 infection (Mouse)

Project description:While a common symptom of influenza and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is fever, its physiological role on host resistance to viral infection remains less clear. Here, we demonstrate that exposure of mice to the high ambient temperature of 36 °C increase host resistance to viral pathogens including influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). High heat-exposed mice increase basal body temperature over 38 °C to enable more bile acids production in a gut microbiota-dependent manner. The gut microbiota-derived deoxycholic acid (DCA) and its plasma membrane-bound receptor Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) signaling increase host resistance to influenza virus infection by suppressing virus replication and neutrophil-dependent tissue damage. Furthermore, the DCA and its nuclear farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist protect Syrian hamster from lethal SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, we demonstrate that certain bile acids are reduced in the plasma of COVID-19 patients who developed moderate I/II disease compared with minor illness group. These findings uncover an unexpected mechanism by which virus-induced high fever increases host resistance to influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 in a gut microbiota-dependent manner.

2023-01-24 | ST002476 | MetabolomicsWorkbench

High body temperature increases gut microbiota-dependent host resistance to influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 infection (Hamster)

2023-02-14 | ST002479 | MetabolomicsWorkbench

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data