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DROSHA is recruited to DNA damage sites by the MRN complex to promote non-homologous end-joining

ABSTRACT: The DNA damage response (DDR) is the signaling cascade that recognizes DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and promotes their resolution via the DNA repair pathways of Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) or Homologous Recombination (HR). We and others have shown that DDR activation requires DROSHA. However, whether DROSHA exerts its functions by associating with damage sites, what controls its recruitment and how DROSHA influences DNA repair, remains poorly understood. Here we show that DROSHA associates to DSBs independently from transcription. Neither H2AX, nor ATM nor DNA-PK kinase activities are required for its recruitment to break site. Rather, DROSHA interacts with RAD50 and inhibition of MRN by Mirin treatment abolishes this interaction. MRN inactivation by RAD50 knockdown or mirin treatment prevents DROSHA recruitment to DSB and, as a consequence, also 53BP1 recruitment. During DNA repair, DROSHA inactivation reduces NHEJ and boosts HR frequency. Indeed, DROSHA knockdown also increase the association of downstream HR factors such as RAD51 to DNA ends. Overall, our results demonstrate that DROSHA is recruited at DSBs by the MRN complex and direct DNA repair toward NHEJ.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE166631 | GEO | 2021/03/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Tyrosine kinase c-Abl couples RNA polymerase II transcription to an RNA-dependent DNA damage response

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2019-02-04 | GSE96825 | GEO

A truncated MRE11 form induced by SPRTN is deficient in DNA repair and radiosensitises cancer cells

Project description:he human MRE11/RAD50/NBS1 (MRN) complex plays a crucial role in sensing and repairing DNA DSB. MRE11 possesses 3’-5’ exonuclease and endonuclease activity and forms the core of the multifunctional MRN complex. We previously identified a C-terminally truncated form of MRE11 (TR-MRE11) associated with post-translational MRE11 degradation. Here we identified the approximate cleavage site of TR-MRE11 at 559-580 amino acids, its DNA damage repair function and the factors regulating TR-MRE11 accumulation. The nuclease enzymatic activity of TR-MRE11 was dramatically reduced, associated with a lack of DNA binding efficiency, whilst TR-MRE11 still interacted efficiently with RAD50 and NBS1. Lack of the MRE11 C-terminal resulted in deficient HR repair and increased cellular radiosensitivity. Knockdown of SprT-like N-terminal domain (SPRTN), an essential metalloprotease for DNA-protein crosslink repair, resulted in failure of MRE11 cleavage, with TR-MRE11 protein levels being positively correlated with SPRTN protein expression. The presence of this DNA repair-defective C-terminal truncation could explain the finding of high MRE11 expression, by immunohistochemistry using an antibody against MRE11 prior to the C-terminal, being associated with survival following radical radiotherapy in cancer patients. Ultimately, understanding the functional differences between intact and repair-defective MRE11 may lead to improvements in patient outcomes through a more informed choice of treatment.

2021-02-23 | PXD017964 | Pride

RNA-seq analysis of PRMT5-regulated genes in irradiated/non-irradiated LNCaP cells

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Human U2OS DNApk GLASS-ChIP LC-MS/MS

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2023-10-24 | PXD045033 | Pride

Altered levels of MOF and decreased levels of H4K16ac correlate with a defective DNA damage response (DDR).

Project description:Full title: Altered levels of MOF (member of MYST family histone acetyl transferase) and decreased levels of H4K16ac correlate with a defective DNA damage response (DDR). The human MOF gene encodes a protein that specifically acetylates histone H4 at lysine 16 (H4K16ac). Here we show that altered levels of H4K16ac correlate with a defective DNA damage response (DDR) to ionizing radiation (IR). The defect however is not due to altered expression of proteins involved in DDR. Specific inhibition of H4K16ac deacetylation in MOF-depleted cells rescued IR-induced abrogation of DDR. MOF was found associated with DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNAPKcs), a protein involved in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair, whose ATMdependent IR-induced phosphorylation was abrogated in MOF-depleted cells. Our data indicate that MOF depletion greatly decreased the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by NHEJ and homologous recombination (HR). In addition, the MOF protein activity associates with chromatin upon DNA damage and colocalizes with the synaptonemal complex in male meiocytes. We propose that MOF, through H4K16ac, plays a critical role in the cellular DNA damage response. Keywords: Cell type comparison HEK293 cells were transfected with plasmids encoding hMOF for over-expression of the histone acetyl transferase that leads to elevated levels of acetylation of Lysine 16 of histone H4. siRNA mediated knock-down of hMOF was performed to deplete the H4K16ac levels. Total RNA samples for expression profiling was obtained from wild type (293 cells without any treatment), hMOF over-expressed and hMOF knock-down 293 cell lines. Each sample was analyzed in triplicates using EGPF dsRNA treated samples as control.

2010-03-23 | E-GEOD-20193 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Altered levels of MOF and decreased levels of H4K16ac correlate with a defective DNA damage response (DDR).

2010-03-15 | GSE20193 | GEO

Transcriptome changes of Hela cells with blocking classical and alternative non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways

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2020-12-31 | GSE135274 | GEO

Choice of Template Delivery Mitigates the Genotoxic Risk and Adverse Impact of Editing in Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells (RAAVIoli sequencing)

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2022-10-06 | GSE197388 | GEO

Choice of Template Delivery Mitigates the Genotoxic Risk and Adverse Impact of Editing in Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells (Targeted deep sequencing)

2022-10-06 | GSE197386 | GEO

MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 activates Fanconi Anemia R-loop suppression at transcription-replication conflicts

Project description:Rad50 is a component of the conserved MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 (MRN) complex, which functions in genome stability and the cell’s ability to deal with stalled DNA replication forks. We identified Rad50 as a factor important for R-loop tolerance and thus mapped DNA:RNA hybrids in Rad50KO cells and compare them to previously reported wild-type and Sgs1KO profiles.

2019-10-31 | E-MTAB-7885 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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