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Metronomic Radiotherapy Reverses Tumor Immune Desertification and Resistance to Immunotherapy

ABSTRACT: We report major tumor regressions in a subset of advanced cancer patients for which cold tumors were treated with low-dose radiotherapy, cyclophosphamide, aspirin, and ICB (NCT03728179). Unbiased analyses of biopsies revealed T-cell infiltration, up-regulation of type I IFN, and Th1 signatures as well as down-regulation of M2 macrophage and epithelial to mesenchymal transition gene-signatures, and a more oligoclonal TCR repertoire after radio-combinatorial immunotherapy, in responding patients.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE167455 | GEO | 2021/08/16

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Metronomic Radiotherapy Reverses Tumor Immune Desertification and Resistance to Immunotherapy

Project description:The development of approaches for inflaming cold tumors is critical for increasing response to immunotherapy (IMT) reliant upon the re-invigoration of T cells for tumor control. Here we report, in a pre-clinical advanced ID8 ovarian cancer model, that metronomic low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT; 1 Gy) promotes T-cell infiltration and enables responsiveness to treatment including low-dose cyclophosphamide (CP), and combinatorial IMT comprising immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4, and anti-CD40 agonist antibody, for significant tumor control and survival. Responses to this radio-combinatorial immunotherapy (RACIM) relied upon re-programming of both innate and adaptive immunity. We further identified RACIM-induced intratumoral dendritic cell states with co-stimulatory capacity and expressing the stress ligand RAE1, as well as of polyfunctional NKG2D+TCF1-PD1+CD4+T cells. We further report major tumor regressions in a subset of advanced cancer patients for which cold tumors were treated with LDRT, CP, aspirin, and ICB (NCT03728179). Unbiased analyses of biopsies revealed T-cell infiltration, up-regulation of type I IFN, and Th1 signatures as well as down-regulation of M2 macrophage and epithelial to mesenchymal transition gene-signatures, and a more oligoclonal TCR repertoire after RACIM, in responding patients.

2021-08-16 | GSE166303 | GEO

Low Dose Radiotherapy Reverses Tumor Immune Desertification and Resistance to Immunotherapy

Project description:The development of approaches for inflaming cold tumors is critical for increasing response to immunotherapy. Here we report that low-dose radiotherapy (LDRT) in mice promotes tumor T-cell inflammation and enables responsiveness to combinatorial immunotherapyin an interferon-dependent manner. Treatment efficacy relied upon mobilizing both adaptive and innate immunity, and depended on both cytotoxic CD4+and CD8+T cells. LDRTinduced predominantly CD4+cells which exhibited features of exhausted effector and cytotoxic cells, with a subset expressing NKG2D and exhibiting proliferative capacity, and a novel subset of dendritic cells with activated phenotype that expressed the NKG2D ligand Rae1. Finally, tumor immune rejection was critically dependent on the NKG2D pathway. We translated these findings toa phase I clinical trial. Like in mice, combinatorial treatmenttriggered peripheral T-cell mobilization and resulted in important tumor T-cell infiltration, predominantly of CD4+cells and with Th1 signatures, observed only in patients with immune desert tumors who responded to a novel combination of LDRT, low dose cyclophosphamide and immune checkpoint blockade therapy.These results suggest the novel possibility of rationally combining LDRT with immune checkpoint therapy for the treatment of cold tumors, based on the simultaneous activation of antitumoral innate and adaptive immunity

2021-08-13 | GSE165612 | GEO

Metronomic Radiotherapy Reverses Tumor Immune Desertification and Resistance to Immunotherapy

Project description:Metronomic Radiotherapy Reverses Tumor Immune Desertification and Resistance to Immunotherapy

| PRJNA700409 | ENA

Metronomic Radiotherapy Reverses Tumor Immune Desertification and Resistance to Immunotherapy

Project description:Metronomic Radiotherapy Reverses Tumor Immune Desertification and Resistance to Immunotherapy

| PRJNA704676 | ENA

EVALUATION IN A MOUSE PROSTATE CANCER XENOGRAFT MODEL OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE METRONOMIC REGIMEN

Project description:The aim of this study was to evaluate in a mouse prostate cancer xenograft model the effectiveness of cyclophosphamide metronomic regimen, as single agent or in combination with standard docetaxel therapy. We used a human prostate cancer cell line to establish tumours in mice and we treated the animals with the combination of 50 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide (per os) and 30 or 10 mg/kg of docetaxel (intraperitoneally) or with the two drugs alone. We found that metronomic cyclophosphamide alone is as efficient as docetaxel in blocking tumor growth (respectively 18% and 21% of the tumor volume reached by control group in 25 days of treatment). Immunohistochemical analysis on tumours and in vitro proliferation and FACS analyses revealed that cyclophosphamide acts downregulating cell proliferation, both in vitro and in vivo. Through microarray analysis we found the upregulation of p21 that probably together with an action on the micro-environment may explain the induction of apoptosis seen in tumor xenografts. Moreover, we found 107 genes differentially expressed upon treatment with the active metabolite of cyclophosphamide and associated with functions such as cellular movement, growth, and proliferation. Cells (2 x 10^6) were seeded in T150 flasks and then treated with vehicle (ctrl), with inactive cyclophosphamide (trt) or with 5.5 M-NM-<M of active 4-Hydro peroxy cyclophosphamide (trtA) for 10, 24, and 48 hours.

2012-12-30 | E-GEOD-27930 | biostudies-arrayexpress

EVALUATION IN A MOUSE PROSTATE CANCER XENOGRAFT MODEL OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE METRONOMIC REGIMEN

2012-12-30 | GSE27930 | GEO

Microarray analysis of human gene expression in metronomic cyclophosphamide-treated human glioma U251 xenografts implanted in scid mice

Project description:Cyclophosphamide (CPA) treatment on a six-day repeating metronomic schedule induces a dramatic, innate immune cell-dependent regression of implanted gliomas. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of innate immune cell mobilization and recruitment, or about the role of DNA damage and cell stress response pathways in eliciting the anti-tumor immune responses linked to tumor regression. To address these questions, we compared untreated and 6-day metronomic cyclophosphamide-treated human U251 glioblastoma xenografts by human microarray analysis to identify responsive tumor cell-specific factors. Human glioma U251 tumors were implanted sc in scid immunodeficient mice then treated with cyclophosphamide at 140 mg/kg every 6 days. Tumors were collected 6 days after the second cyclophosphamide treatment and also 6 days after the third cyclophosphamide treatment. Tumor RNA was then analyzed on two color Agilent human expression microarrays comparing cyclophosphamide-treated RNA to untreated control tumor RNA.

2015-05-04 | E-GEOD-60867 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Microarray analysis of mouse gene expression in metronomic cyclophosphamide-treated human glioma U251 xenografts implanted in scid mice

Project description:Cyclophosphamide (CPA) treatment on a six-day repeating metronomic schedule induces a dramatic, innate immune cell-dependent regression of implanted gliomas. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of innate immune cell mobilization and recruitment, or about the role of DNA damage and cell stress response pathways in eliciting the anti-tumor immune responses linked to tumor regression. To address these questions, we compared untreated and 6-day metronomic cyclophosphamide-treated human U251 glioblastoma xenografts by mouse microarray analysis to identify responsive mouse (host) cell-specific factors. Human glioma U251 tumors were implanted sc in scid immunodeficient mice then treated with cyclophosphamide at 140 mg/kg every 6 days. Tumors were collected 6 days after the second cyclophosphamide treatment and also 6 days after the third cyclophosphamide treatment. Tumor RNA was then analyzed on two color Agilent mouse expression microarrays comparing cyclophosphamide-treated RNA to untreated control tumor RNA.

2015-05-04 | E-GEOD-60866 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Microarray analysis of mouse gene expression in metronomic cyclophosphamide-treated rat glioma 9L xenografts implanted in scid mice

Project description:Cyclophosphamide (CPA) treatment on a six-day repeating metronomic schedule induces a dramatic, innate immune cell-dependent regression of implanted gliomas. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of innate immune cell mobilization and recruitment, or about the role of DNA damage and cell stress response pathways in eliciting the anti-tumor immune responses linked to tumor regression. To address these questions, we compared untreated and 6-day metronomic cyclophosphamide-treated rat 9L gliosarcoma xenografts by mouse microarray analysis to identify responsive mouse (host) cell-specific factors. Rat glioma 9L tumors were implanted sc in scid immunodeficient mice then treated with cyclophosphamide at 140 mg/kg every 6 days. Tumors were collected 6 days after the fourth cyclophosphamide treatment. Tumor RNA was then analyzed on two color Agilent mouse expression microarrays comparing cyclophosphamide-treated RNA to untreated control tumor RNA.

2015-05-04 | E-GEOD-60864 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Regorafenib in Combination With Metronomic Chemotherapies, and Low-dose Aspirin in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Project description:The investigators propose a phase II clinical trial with the objective to investigate the potential clinical interest to associate regorafenib with a metronomic chemotherapy combining capecitabine, cyclophosphamide and low-dose aspirin, for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. The main objective of the study will be to achieve 15% of objective response rate in patients treated with multimodal metronomic chemotherapy and regorafenib.

| 2350434 | ecrin-mdr-crc

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