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LIN28A inhibited DUSP family phosphatases and activated MAPK signaling pathway to maintain pluripotency in porcine induced pluripotent stem cells

ABSTRACT: LIN28A, an RNA-binding protein, plays an important role in porcine induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs). However, the molecular mechanism of LIN28A maintaining pluripotency in piPSCs remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the functions of LIN28A in piPSCs. Here we explored the functions of LIN28A in piPSCs by overexpressing and knocking down LIN28A. We performed total RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on piPSCs and the expression levels of relevant-genes were detected by qRT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence staining. The proliferation ability of piPSCs was related to the expression level of LIN28A and the proliferation ability decreased when LIN28A was knocked down. When the expression level of LIN28A was lower than 20% compared with the negative control (shNC) group, the pluripotency of piPSCs would disappear and differentiate to the neuroectoderm. We also found that LIN28A inhibited the expression levels of DUSP (dual-specificity phosphatases) family phosphatases and then activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway. This work revealed that LIN28A activated MAPK signaling pathway to maintain the pluripotency and proliferation ability of piPSCs. Our results provided a new resource for exploring the functions of LIN28A in piPSCs.

ORGANISM(S): Sus scrofa

PROVIDER: GSE168591 | GEO | 2024/03/09

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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LIN28A interactome analyses in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural progenitor cells

Project description:A single protein can be multifaceted depending on the cellular contexts and interacting molecules. LIN28A is an RNA-binding protein that governs developmental timing, cellular proliferation, differentiation, stem cell pluripotency, and metabolism. In addition to its best-known roles in microRNA biogenesis, diverse molecular roles have been recognized. In the nervous system, LIN28A is known to play critical roles in proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPC). We profiled the endogenous LIN28A-interacting proteins in NPC differentiated from human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells using immunoprecipitation and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We identified over 500 LIN28A-interacting proteins, including 156 RNA-independent interactors. Functions of these proteins span a wide range of gene regulatory processes. Our analysis opens multiple avenues for elaborating molecular roles and characteristics of LIN28A.

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Mammalian CDC14 phosphatases control bivalent promoters and exit from stemness in pluripotent cells [snGEX]

Project description:CDC14 phosphatases are critical components of the cell cycle machinery that drives exit from mitosis in yeast. However, the two mammalian paralogs, CDC14A and CDC14B, are dispensable for cell cycle progression or exit, and their function remains unclear. By generating a double Cdc14a; Cdc14b -null mouse model, we report here that CDC14 phosphatases control cell differentiation in pluripotent cells, and their absence results in deficient development of the neural system. Lack of CDC14 impairs neural differentiation from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) accompanied by deficient induction of genes controlled by bivalent promoters. CDC14 directly dephosphorylates and destabilizes Undifferentiated embryonic Transcription Factor 1 (UTF1) during the exit from stemness. Multiomic single-cell analysis of differentiating ESCs suggest that increased UTF1 levels in the absence of CDC14 prevent the firing of bivalent promoters required for differentiation. These results, along recent data suggesting a critical role for cell cycle kinases in pluripotency, suggest that cell cycle kinase-phosphatase modules such as CDK-CDC14 are critical for linking cell cycle regulation and self-renewal, with a specific function for CDC14 phosphatases modulating key epigenetic regulators during the terminal exit from pluripotency.

2022-10-31 | GSE196139 | GEO

Mammalian CDC14 phosphatases control bivalent promoters and exit from stemness in pluripotent cells [snATAC-Seq]

2022-10-31 | GSE196137 | GEO

Overlapping and distinct roles of LIN28 paralogs in reprogramming and stem cell metabolism

Project description:The RNA binding protein paralogs LIN28A and LIN28B play critical roles in embryonic development, tumorigenesis, and pluripotency. Somatic cells can be reprogrammed to induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by overexpression of OCT4 and SOX2 together with NANOG and LIN28A (OSNA), but the exact roles LIN28A/B play are still poorly understood. Here we show that LIN28B likewise promotes reprogramming, and that reactivation of both endogenous LIN28A and B loci are required for maximal reprogramming efficiency. The LIN28B locus has open chromatin and is activated early during reprogramming, whereas LIN28A is activated at later stages by OCT4, marking the transition to bona fide iPS cells. By proteomic and metabolomic analysis, we demonstrate that LIN28A chiefly regulates let-7 and protein translation, whereas LIN28B promotes embryonic metabolism by repressing oxidative phosphorylation and enhancing glycolysis. Thus, LIN28A and LIN28B play independent and cooperative roles in reprogramming and pluripotent stem cell metabolism. 8 samples in total were analyzed. 2 replicates for each phenotypes. Controls are the wild type (flox) without lin28a/b loss of function.

2015-12-31 | E-GEOD-66838 | biostudies-arrayexpress

ESRRB Facilitates the Conversion of Trophoblast-like Stem Cells from Induced Pluripotent Stem cells by Directly Regulating KRT8 and CDX2

Project description:Porcine induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) could serve as a great model system for human stem cell pre-clinical research. However, the pluripotency gene network of piPSCs, especially the function for the core transcription factor ESRRB, was poorly understood. Here, we constructed ESRRB-overexpressing piPSCs (ESRRB-piPSCs). Compared with the control piPSCs (CON-piPSCs), the ESRRB-piPSCs showed flat, monolayered colony morphology. Moreover, the ESRRB-piPSCs showed greater chimeric capacity into trophectoderm than CON-piPSCs. We found that ESRRB could directly regulate the expressions of trophoblast stem cell (TSC)-specific markers, including KRT8, KRT18 and CDX2, through binding to their promoter regions. Mutational analysis proved that the N-terminus zinc finger domain is indispensable for ESRRB to regulate the TSC markers. Furthermore, this regulation needs the participation of OCT4. Accordingly, the cooperation between ESRRB and OCT4 facilitates the conversion from pluripotent state to the trophoblast-like state.

2022-02-17 | PXD027539 | Pride

Expression profiling in LIN28A, SET7/9, and TUT4 depleted H9 cells, or in the silent mutations (siR) of LIN28A and LIN28A-K135R overexpressed H9 cells

Project description:A developmentally regulated RNA binding protein, LIN28A and its homolog LIN28B may share a similar mechanism to regulate the processing of let-7 microRNAs (miRNAs) in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or certain cancer cells, although their predominant localization is different in cells. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of LIN28A for miRNA processing in the nucleus. Here, we show that SET7/9, a known histone methyltransferase, associates with LIN28A in vivo and in vitro. SET7/9-mediated methylation significantly leads to the nuclear retention and protein stability of LIN28A, and remarkably regulated RNA binding ability of LIN28A to pri-let-7. Using RNAi knockdown approach, we find that the methylated nuclear form of LIN28A may function in the nucleoli by sequestering the primary let-7 miRNA to block their processing through a Tut4 (Zcchc11)-independent mechanism to regulate human ESC pluripotency. We propose a new insight toward the understanding of the molecular mechanism for post-translational methylation of nuclear LIN28A along modulating pluripotency by regulating pri-let-7 miRNAs in human ESCs.

2016-12-05 | GSE53038 | GEO

Overlapping and distinct roles of LIN28 paralogs in reprogramming and stem cell metabolism

2015-12-31 | GSE66838 | GEO

Arabidopsis PP6 phosphatases dephosphorylate PIF proteins to repress photomorphogenesis.

Project description:Light-induced phosphorylation is necessary and essential for the degradation of phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs), the central repressors of photomorphogenesis. Although the kinases responsible for PIF phosphorylation have been extensively studied, the phosphatases underlying PIF dephosphorylation are largely unknown. Here, we real that mutation of FyPP1 and FyPP3, two catalytic subunits of PP6 phosphatases, promoted photomorphogenesis of seedlings in the dark. PP6 and PIFs functioned synergistically to repress photomorphogenesis. FyPP1 and FyPP3 directly interacted with and dephosphorylated PIF3 and PIF4. The light-induced degradation of PIF4 and the PIF transcriptional activities were dependent on PP6 activity. These data demonstrate that PP6 phosphatases repress photomorphogenesis through regulation of PIF phosphorylation, protein stability and transcriptional activity.

2019-09-04 | GSE128498 | GEO

Lin28A binds active promoters and recruits Tet1 to regulate gene expression

Project description:Lin28, a well-known RNA-binding protein, regulates diverse cellular properties. All physiological functions of Lin28A characterized so far have been attributed to its repression of let-7 miRNA biogenesis or modulation of the mRNA translational efficiency. Here we show that Lin28A directly binds to a consensus DNA sequence in vitro and in mouse embryonic stem cells in vivo. ChIP-seq and RNA-seq reveal the enrichment of Lin28A binding around transcription start sites, and a positive correlation between its genomic occupancy and expression of many associated genes. Mechanistically, Lin28A recruits 5-methylcytosine-dioxygenase Tet1 to genomic binding sites to orchestrate 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine dynamics. Either Lin28A or Tet1 knockdown leads to dysregulated DNA methylation and expression of common target genes. These results reveal a surprising role for Lin28A in transcriptional regulation via epigenetic DNA modifications and provide a new framework for understanding mechanisms underlying versatile functions of Lin28A in mammalian systems. Examine the DNA binding ability of Lin28 and its roles in regulating gene expression by coordinating with Tet1

2015-12-07 | E-GEOD-74254 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Epigenetic Modifiers Facilitate Induction and Pluripotency of Porcine iPSCs

Project description:Inadequate silence of exogenous genes represents a major obstacle to complete epigenetic reprogramming of pig induced pluripotent stem cells (piPSCs) by conventional pluripotency trasncription factors. We tested the hypothesis that epigenetic modification by active DNA or histone demethylation or by inhibition of histone deacetylase would enhance reprogramming and exogenous gene silencing in piPSCs. piPSCs induced by OSKM in combination with epigenetic factors, specifically Ten-Eleven-Translocation (Tet1 or Tet3) and lysine (K)-specific demethylase 3A (Kdm3a), expressed higher levels of Rex1 and other genes representing naïve state and exhibited more open chromatin status, in contrast to those of OSKM controls. Moreover, piPSCs induced by Tet1 combined with OSKM exhibited enhanced differentiation capacity. Conversion with histone deacetylase inhibitors, including NaB, TSA and VPA further increased expression of Rex1 and reduced expression of exogenous genes, generating high pluripotent piPSCs. Together, epigenetic modifiers can enhance generation of piPSCs and reduce their reliance on exogenous genes.

2017-01-06 | GSE87361 | GEO

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