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Methyl capture sequencing (Truseq Epic from Illumina) of H1 WT, H1 QSER1 KO, H1 TET1 KO, H1 DNMT3B KO, H1 QSER1 KOpm (passaged matched with DKOs), H1 QSER1/TET1 DKO, and H1 QSER1/DNMT3B DKO hESCs

ABSTRACT: DNA methylation is essential to mammalian development, and dysregulation can cause serious pathological conditions. Key enzymes responsible for deposition and removal of DNA methylation are known, but how they cooperate to tightly regulate the methylation landscape remains a central question. Utilizing a knockin DNA methylation reporter, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas screen in human embryonic stem cells to discover DNA methylation regulators. The top screen hit was an uncharacterized gene QSER1, which proved to be a key guardian of bivalent promoters and poised enhancers of developmental genes, especially those residing in DNA methylation valleys (or canyons). We further demonstrate cooperation of QSER1 and TET1 through genetic and biochemical interactions to inhibit DNMT3-mediated de novo methylation and safeguard developmental programs.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE169208 | GEO | 2021/03/19

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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RNA Sequencing of H1 WT hESCs, H1 QSER1 KO hESCs, H1 TET1 KO hESCs, H1 QSER1/TET1 DKO hESCs, WT Day10 EBs, QSER1 KO Day10 EBs, TET1 KO Day10 EBs, QSER1/TET1 DKO Day10 EBs, WT PP1, QSER1 KO PP1, TET1 KO PP1, and QSER1/TET1 DKO PP1.

Project description:RNA Sequencing of H1 WT hESCs, H1 QSER1 KO hESCs, H1 TET1 KO hESCs, H1 QSER1/TET1 DKO hESCs, WT Day10 embryoid bodies (EBs), QSER1 KO Day10 EBs, TET1 KO Day10 EBs, QSER1/TET1 DKO Day10 EBs, WT pancreatic progenitors (PP1), QSER1 KO PP1, TET1 KO PP1, and QSER1/TET1 DKO PP1. DNA methylation is essential to mammalian development, and dysregulation can cause serious pathological conditions. Key enzymes responsible for deposition and removal of DNA methylation are known, but how they cooperate to tightly regulate the methylation landscape remains a central question. Utilizing a knockin DNA methylation reporter, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas screen in human embryonic stem cells to discover DNA methylation regulators. The top screen hit was an uncharacterized gene QSER1, which proved to be a key guardian of bivalent promoters and poised enhancers of developmental genes, especially those residing in DNA methylation valleys (or canyons). We further demonstrate cooperation of QSER1 and TET1 through genetic and biochemical interactions to inhibit DNMT3-mediated de novo methylation and safeguard developmental programs.

2021-03-19 | GSE169209 | GEO

Methyl capture sequencing (Truseq Epic from Illumina) of H1 WT, H1 QSER1 KO, H1 TET1 KO, H1 DNMT3B KO, H1 QSER1 KOpm (passaged matched with DKOs), H1 QSER1/TET1 DKO, and H1 QSER1/DNMT3B DKO hESCs

Project description:Methyl capture sequencing (Truseq Epic from Illumina) of H1 WT, H1 QSER1 KO, H1 TET1 KO, H1 DNMT3B KO, H1 QSER1 KOpm (passaged matched with DKOs), H1 QSER1/TET1 DKO, and H1 QSER1/DNMT3B DKO hESCs

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Project description:RNA Sequencing of H1 WT hESCs, H1 QSER1 KO hESCs, H1 TET1 KO hESCs, H1 QSER1/TET1 DKO hESCs, WT Day10 EBs, QSER1 KO Day10 EBs, TET1 KO Day10 EBs, QSER1/TET1 DKO Day10 EBs, WT PP1, QSER1 KO PP1, TET1 KO PP1, and QSER1/TET1 DKO PP1.

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ChIP-seq of QSER1-FLAG, TET1-V5, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, EZH2, BCOR, H3K4me3, H3K27me3, H3K36me2, H3K36me3, H3K27ac, and H3K4me1.

Project description:DNA methylation is essential to mammalian development, and dysregulation can cause serious pathological conditions. Key enzymes responsible for deposition and removal of DNA methylation are known, but how they cooperate to tightly regulate the methylation landscape remains a central question. Utilizing a knockin DNA methylation reporter, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas screen in human embryonic stem cells to discover DNA methylation regulators. The top screen hit was an uncharacterized gene QSER1, which proved to be a key guardian of bivalent promoters and poised enhancers of developmental genes, especially those residing in DNA methylation valleys (or canyons). We further demonstrate cooperation of QSER1 and TET1 through genetic and biochemical interactions to inhibit DNMT3-mediated de novo methylation and safeguard developmental programs.

2021-03-19 | GSE169207 | GEO

5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) profiling of H1 WT hESCs

Project description:DNA methylation is essential to mammalian development, and aberrant regulation can lead to disease. The enzymes responsible for deposition and removal of DNA methylation have been identified, but how tightly regulated DNA methylation patterns are achieved globally remains a central question. To discover regulators of DNA methylation in human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs), we engineered a DNA methylation reporter line and performed a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas screen. Through our screen, we identified the functionally uncharacterized gene QSER1, which proved to be essential for protection from DNA hypermethylation at bivalent promoters and poised enhancers of developmental genes, especially those residing in DNA Methylation Valleys (DMVs). Further mechanistic enquiry revealed that QSER1 protein depends on TET1 for efficient recruitment to DNA, and QSER1 occupancy inhibits the binding of DNMT3B. Our discovery of QSER1 is a major advance in understanding TET-dependent protection from DNA hypermethylation and provides mechanistic insight into how epigenetic factors can cooperate to target locus-specific regulation.

2021-03-19 | GSE150015 | GEO

QSER1 Protects DNA Methylation Valleys from De Novo Methylation

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Project description:In this study, we found that QSER1 is a generic anti-apoptosis factor suppressing the p53 target apoptotic genes irrespective of p53 status.

2023-06-07 | GSE180299 | GEO

ChIP-seq of QSER1-FLAG, TET1-V5, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, EZH2, BCOR, H3K4me3, H3K27me3, H3K36me2, H3K36me3, H3K27ac, and H3K4me1.

Project description:ChIP-seq of QSER1-FLAG, TET1-V5, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, EZH2, BCOR, H3K4me3, H3K27me3, H3K36me2, H3K36me3, H3K27ac, and H3K4me1.

| PRJNA715662 | ENA

Reduced representative bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) analysis for a genome-wide comparison of DNA methylation in wild-type, USP7-KO-1, DNMT3A/3B-DKO and DNMT3A/DNMT3B/USP7-TKO HeLa cell lines.

Project description:To better characterize the effects of USP7 on DNA methylation, we performed reduced representative bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) analysis for a genome-wide comparison of DNA methylation in wild-type, USP7-KO-1, DNMT3A/3B-DKO and DNMT3A/DNMT3B/USP7-TKO HeLa cell lines. RRBS analysis showed increased DNA methylation in USK7-KO cells and loss of USP7 elevates DNA methylation on pre-existing sites and de novo methylation.

2020-09-07 | GSE136159 | GEO

Active DNA Demethylation by DNMT3A and DNMT3B - Mechanistic Aspect and In Vivo Evidence

Project description:The DNA methylation program is at the bottom layer of the epigenetic regulatory cascade of vertebrate development. While the methylation at C-5 position of the cytosine (C) residues on the vertebrate genomes is achieved through the catalytic activities of the DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), the conversion of the methylated cytosine (5mC) could be accomplished by the combined actions of the TET enzyme and DNA repair. Interestingly, it has been found recently that the mouse and human DNMTs also possess active DNA demethylation activity in vitro in a Ca2+- and redox condition-dependent manner. We report here the study of tracking down the fate of the methyl group removed from 5mC on DNA during in vitro demethylation reaction by mouse de novo DNMTs, i.e. DNMT3A and DNMT3B. Remarkably, the methyl group becomes covalently linked to the catalytic cysteines utilized by the two de novo DNMTs in their DNA methylation reactions. Thus, the forward and reverse reactions of DNA methylations by the DNMTs may utilize the same cysteine residue(s) as the active site despite of their distinctive pathways. Secondly, we demonstrate that active DNA demethylation of a heavily methylated GFP reporter plasmid by ectopically expressed DNMT3A or DNMT3B occurs in vivo in transfected human HEK 293 cells in culture. Furthermore, the extent of DNA demethylation by the DNMTs in this cell-based system is affected by Ca2+ homeostasis as well as by mutation of their putative active cysteines. These findings substantiate the roles of the vertebrate DNMTs as double-edged swords in DNA methylation-demethylation in vitro as well as in a cellular context.

2022-02-24 | PXD003401 | Pride

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