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Cell cycle heterogeneity directs spontaneous 2C state entry and exit in mouse embryonic stem cells (ChIP-Seq)

ABSTRACT: Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) show cell-to-cell heterogeneity. A small fraction of 2-cell-like cells (2CLCs) marked by endogenous retrovirus activation emerge spontaneously. The 2CLCs are instable and they transit back to the pluripotent state without extrinsic stimulus. To understand how this bidirectional transition takes place, we performed single-cell RNA-seq on isolated 2CLCs which underwent 2C-like state exit and re-entry, and revealed a novel circular transitional process between 2C-like and pluripotent states. Mechanistically, we found that the cell cycle played an important role in mediating these transitions by regulating assembly of nucleolus and peri-nucleolar heterochromatin to influence 2C gene Dux expression. Collectively, our findings provide a roadmap of the 2C-like state entry and exit in ESCs and also a causal role of the cell cycle in promoting these transitions.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE171257 | GEO | 2021/04/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Cell cycle heterogeneity directs spontaneous 2C state entry and exit in mouse embryonic stem cells (RNA-Seq)

Project description:Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) show cell-to-cell heterogeneity. A small fraction of 2-cell-like cells (2CLCs) marked by endogenous retrovirus activation emerge spontaneously. The 2CLCs are instable and they transit back to the pluripotent state without extrinsic stimulus. To understand how this bidirectional transition takes place, we performed single-cell RNA-seq on isolated 2CLCs which underwent 2C-like state exit and re-entry, and revealed a novel circular transitional process between 2C-like and pluripotent states. Mechanistically, we found that the cell cycle played an important role in mediating these transitions by regulating assembly of nucleolus and peri-nucleolar heterochromatin to influence 2C gene Dux expression. Collectively, our findings provide a roadmap of the 2C-like state entry and exit in ESCs and also a causal role of the cell cycle in promoting these transitions.

2021-04-01 | GSE171258 | GEO

A transcriptional roadmap for 2C-like to pluripotent state transition [single cells]

Project description:In mouse embryonic stem cell (ESC) culture, a small proportion of cells display totipotent features by expressing a set of genes that are only active in 2-cell-stage embryos. These 2-cell-like (2C-like) cells spontaneously transit back into pluripotent state. We previously dissected the transcriptional dynamics of pluripotent to 2C-like transition and identified factors that modulate the transition. However, how 2C-like cells transits back to the pluripotent state and what factors drive this process remains largely unknown. To address these questions, we examined the transcriptional dynamics during the reverse transition from the 2C-like state to ESCs and identified an intermediate state involved in the transition. Interestingly, we found that mESCs exit from the 2C-like state through a molecular path characterized by a two-wave upregulation of pluripotent genes different from the one observed during the 2C-like entry transition. We also showed that nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) targets Dux mRNA and affects 2C-like state maintenance, suggesting that Dux degradation contributes to the reversal of 2C-like state.

2020-03-20 | GSE133233 | GEO

A transcriptional roadmap for 2C-like to pluripotent state transition [bulk RNA]

2020-03-20 | GSE133232 | GEO

The totipotent 2C-like state safeguards genomic stability of mouse embryonic stem cells

Project description:Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) sporadically transition to a transient totipotent state that resembles blastomeres of the 2-cell embryo stage, which has been proposed to contribute to exceptional genomic stability, one of the key features of mouse ESCs. However, the biological significance of the rare population of 2C-like cells (2CLCs) in ESC cultures remains to be tested. Here, we generated an inducible reporter cell system for specific elimination of 2CLCs from the ESC cultures to disrupt the equilibrium between ESCs and 2CLCs. We show that removing 2CLCs from the ESC cultures leads to dramatic accumulation of DNA damage, genomic mutations and rearrangements, indicating impaired genomic instability. Furthermore, 2CLCs removal results in increased apoptosis and reduced proliferation of mouse ESCs. Together, our data reveal that transition to the privileged 2C-like state is a major component of the intrinsic mechanisms that maintain exceptional genomic stability of mouse ESCs for long-term self-renewal.

2024-01-03 | GSE252295 | GEO

DUX-miR-344-ZMYM2-mediated activation of MERVL LTRs induces a totipotent 2C-like state [RNA-seq]

Project description:Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) sporadically express preimplantation two-cell-stage (2C) transcripts, including MERVL endogenous retrovirus and Zscan4 cluster genes. Such 2C-like cells (2CLCs) can contribute to both embryonic and extraembryonic tissues when reintroduced into early embryos. We examined global nucleosome occupancy and gene expression in 2CLCs and identified miR-344 as the noncoding molecule that positively controls 2CLC potency. We found that activation of endogenous MERVL or miR-344-2 alone is sufficient to induce 2CLCs with induction of 2C genes and an expanded potency. Mechanistically, miR-344 is activated by the 2C-state driver DUX and post-transcriptionally represses ZMYM2 and LSD1, which recruit the HDAC corepressor to MERVL LTR for transcriptional repression. Consistently, zygotic depletion of Zmym2 compromises the totipotency-to-pluripotency transition during early development. Our studies establish the novel DUX->miR-344--|Zmym2/Lsd1 axis that controls MERVL for expanded stem cell potency.

2020-02-06 | GSE119819 | GEO

DUX-miR-344-ZMYM2-mediated activation of MERVL LTRs induces a totipotent 2C-like state [ZMYM2 ChIP-seq]

2020-02-06 | GSE119818 | GEO

DUX-miR-344-ZMYM2-mediated activation of MERVL LTRs induces a totipotent 2C-like state [ATAC-seq]

2020-02-06 | GSE119817 | GEO

DUX-miR-344-ZMYM2-mediated activation of MERVL LTRs induces a totipotent 2C-like state [LSD1 ChIP-seq]

Project description:Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) sporadically express preimplantation two-cell-stage (2C) transcripts, including MERVL endogenous retrovirus and Zscan4 cluster genes. Such 2C-like cells (2CLCs) can contribute to both embryonic and extraembryonic tissues when reintroduced into early embryos. We examined global nucleosome occupancy and gene expression in 2CLCs and identified miR-344 as the noncoding molecule that positively controls 2CLC potency. We found that activation of endogenous MERVL or miR-344-2 alone is sufficient to induce 2CLCs with induction of 2C genes and an expanded potency. Mechanistically, miR-344 is activated by the 2C-state driver DUX and post-transcriptionally represses ZMYM2 and LSD1, which recruit the HDAC corepressor to MERVL LTR for transcriptional repression. Consistently, zygotic depletion of Zmym2 compromises the totipotency-to-pluripotency transition during early development. Our studies establish the novel DUXmiR-344--|Zmym2/LsdSD1 axis that controls MERVL for expanded stem cell potency.

2020-02-06 | GSE142280 | GEO

Relaxed 3D genome conformation facilitates the pluripotent to totipotent-like state transition in embryonic stem cells

Project description:The 3D genome organization is crucial for gene regulation. Although recent studies have revealed a uniquely relaxed genome conformation in totipotent early blastomeres of both fertilized and cloned embryos, how weakened higher-order chromatin structure is functionally linked to totipotency acquisition remains elusive. Using low-input Hi-C, ATAC-seq, and ChIP-seq, we systematically examined the dynamics of 3D genome and epigenome during pluripotent to totipotent-like state transition in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs). The spontaneously converted 2-cell-embryo-like cells (2CLCs) exhibited more relaxed chromatin architecture compared to ESCs, including global weakening of both enhancer-promoter interactions and TAD insulation. While the former correlated with inactivation of ESC enhancers and down-regulation of pluripotent genes, the latter might facilitate contacts between the putative new enhancers arising in 2CLCs and neighboring 2C genes. Importantly, disruption of chromatin organization by depleting CTCF or the cohesin complex promoted the ESC to 2CLC transition. Our results thus establish a critical role of 3D genome organization in totipotency acquisition.

2021-10-20 | GSE159623 | GEO

Relaxed 3D genome conformation facilitates the pluripotent to totipotent-like state transition in embryonic stem cells [Hi-C]

2021-10-20 | GSE159622 | GEO

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