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Developmental chromatin programs determine oncogenic competence in melanoma [ATAC-seq]

ABSTRACT: Oncogenes are only transforming in certain cellular contexts, a phenomenon called oncogenic competence. Here, using a combination of a human pluripotent stem cell-derived cancer model along with zebrafish transgenesis, we demonstrate that the transforming ability of BRAFV600E along with additional mutations depends upon the intrinsic transcriptional program present in the cell of origin. In both systems, melanocytes are largely resistant to mutations, whereas both neural crest and melanoblast populations are readily transformed. Profiling reveals that progenitors have higher expression of chromatin modifying enzymes such as ATAD2, a melanoma competence factor that forms a complex with SOX10 and allows for expression of downstream oncogenic and neural crest programs. These data suggest that oncogenic competence is mediated by regulation of developmental chromatin factors, which then allow for proper response to those oncogenes.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE172028 | GEO | 2021/04/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Developmental chromatin programs determine oncogenic competence in melanoma [Cut&Run]

Project description:We perfomed Cut&Run for ATAD2, MYC and SOX10 in 3xKO ATAD2 dox melanocytes and 3xKO dox melanocytes. We used 10'000 cells per condition and the protocol was performed as in Skene et al., 2018. We could show that, in the 3xKO ATAD2 dox melanocytes, ATAD2, MYC and SOX10 have common targets. Many of those targets belong to a developmental signature typical of the neural crest and to the MAPK pathway.

2021-04-15 | GSE172066 | GEO

GABA regulates electrical activity and tumor initiation in melanoma

Project description:Oncogenes can only initiate tumors in certain cellular contexts, which is referred to as oncogenic competence. In melanoma, whether cells in the microenvironment can endow such competence remains unclear. Using a combination of zebrafish transgenesis coupled with human tissues, we demonstrate that GABAergic signaling between keratinocytes and melanocytes promotes melanoma initiation by BRAFV600E. GABA is synthesized in melanoma cells, which then acts on GABA-A receptors on keratinocytes. Electron microscopy demonstrates specialized cell-cell junctions between keratinocytes and melanoma cells, and multi-electrode array analysis shows that GABA acts to inhibit electrical activity in melanoma/keratinocyte co-cultures. Genetic and pharmacologic perturbation of GABA synthesis abrogates melanoma initiation in vivo. These data suggest that GABAergic signaling across the skin microenvironment regulates the ability of oncogenes to initiate melanoma.

2023-07-12 | GSE236806 | GEO

Analysis of genes regulated by FoxD3 in B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells

2008-10-15 | GSE13129 | GEO

Expression profiling of murine neuroblastoma in transgenic mice

Project description:Neuroblastoma is an embryonal tumor arising from the neural crest. It can be mimicked in mice by neural crest-specific overepxression of oncogenes such as MYCN or mutated ALK.

2012-04-01 | GSE32386 | GEO

Expression profiling of murine neuroblastoma in transgenic mice

Project description:Neuroblastoma is an embryonal tumor arising from the neural crest. It can be mimicked in mice by neural crest-specific overepxression of oncogenes such as MYCN or mutated ALK. Expression profiling of murine neuroblastoma driven by MYCN were compared to those driven by mutated ALK and to mouse normal adrenal tissue.

2012-03-31 | E-GEOD-32386 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcription profiling of mouse B16-F10 melanoma cells transfected with FoxD3

Project description:We wished to examine the genes regulated by FoxD3 in pigment cells to gain understanding in how FoxD3 represses melanoblast specification in the neural crest. For technical reasons, we could not use neural crest cells, so we used melanoma cells, since they are derived from neural crest cells. To this end, we transfected B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells with constructs expressing FoxD3, or FoxD3-VP16, in which the C-terminal portion of FoxD3 (which contains the transcriptional repression domain) has been replaced by the VP16 transcriptional activation domain. Experiment Overall Design: The base vector used for these studies was pMES, which expresses the gene of interest under control of the chick beta-actin promoter. EGFP is also expressed from the bicistronic mRNA through the use of an IRES. Experiment Overall Design: B16-F10 cells were transfected with either empty pMES, pFoxD3 (which contains FoxD3 inserted into pMES), or pFoxD3-VP16 (similar to pFoxD3, except that the C-terminal portion of FoxD3, which contains the transcriptional repression domain, has been replaced by the transcriptional activation domain of VP16). Experiment Overall Design: 24 hours after transfection, EGFP-positive cells were collected by FACS and those cells were subjected to microarray analysis.

2008-10-26 | E-GEOD-13129 | biostudies-arrayexpress

GSK3 phosphorylation sites in Lpd

Project description:Neural crest cells are multipotent cells that delaminate from the neuroepithelium, migrating throughout the embryo. Aberrant migration causes developmental defects. Animal models are improving our understanding of neural crest anomalies, but in vivo migration behaviours are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that murine neural crest cells display actin-based lamellipodia and filopodia in vivo. Using neural crest-specific knockouts or inhibitors, we show that the serine-threonine kinase Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK3), and the cytoskeletal regulator Lamellipodin (Lpd), are required for lamellipodia formation whilst preventing focal adhesion maturation. Lpd is a novel substrate of GSK3 and phosphorylation of Lpd favours interactions with the Scar/WAVE complex (lamellipodia formation) at the expense of VASP and Mena interactions (adhesion maturation and filopodia formation). This improved understanding of cytoskeletal regulation in mammalian neural crest migration has general implications for neural crest anomalies and cancer.

2023-10-05 | PXD044150 | Pride

Schwann cell precursors represent a neural crest-like hub state with biased multipotency

Project description:Schwann cell precursors (SCPs) are nerve-associated progenitors that not only can generate myelinating and non-myelinating Schwann cells but also are multipotent like the neural crest cells from which they originate. SCPs are omnipresent along outgrowing peripheral nerves throughout the body of vertebrate embryos. By using single-cell transcriptomics to generate the atlas of the entire neural crest lineage, we show that early SCPs and late migratory crest have similar transcriptional profiles characterized by a multipotent “hub” state containing cells biased towards traditional neural crest fates. SCPs keep diverging from the neural crest after being primed towards terminal Schwann cell and other fates, with different subtypes residing in distinct anatomical locations. Functional experiments using CRISPR-Cas9 loss-of-function further show that knock-out of the hub gene Sox8 causes defects in neural crest-derived cells along peripheral nerves by facilitating differentiation of SCPs towards sympathoadrenal fates. Finally, specific tumour populations found in melanoma, neurofibroma and neuroblastoma map to different stages of SCP/Schwann cell development. Overall, SCPs resemble migrating neural crest cells that maintain multipotency and become transcriptionally primed toward distinct lineages.

2022-04-28 | GSE201257 | GEO

An atlas of neural crest lineages along the posterior developing zebrafish at single-cell resolution

Project description:Neural crest cells (NCCs) are vertebrate stem cells that give rise to various cell types throughout the developing body in early life. Here, we utilized single-cell transcriptomic analyses to delineate NCC-derivatives along the posterior developing vertebrate, zebrafish, during the late embryonic to early larval stage, a period when NCCs are actively differentiating into distinct cellular lineages. We identified several major NCC/NCC-derived cell-types including mesenchyme, neural crest, neural, neuronal, glial, and pigment, from which we resolved over three dozen cellular subtypes. We dissected gene expression signatures of pigment progenitors delineating into chromatophore lineages, mesenchyme subtypes, and enteric NCCs transforming into enteric neurons. Global analysis of NCC derivatives revealed they were demarcated by combinatorial hox gene codes, with distinct profiles within neuronal cells. From these analyses, we present a comprehensive cell-type atlas that can be utilized as a valuable resource for further mechanistic and evolutionary investigations of NCC differentiation.

2021-02-16 | GSE152906 | GEO

Delamination of neural crest cells requires transient and reversible Wnt inhibition mediated by Dact1/2

Project description:Neural crest cells are a transient embryonic population, hence are neither present after bith and nor are they readily accesible for analysis. Therefore, little is known about the genetic networks that regulate NC especification, delamitation and migration from the dorsal neural tube to their final destination along the embryo. Here we have developed a novel resource for lineage tracing and for the isolation of neural crest cells in the chick embryo, enabling us to perform a genome-wide expression screen in neural crest progenitors versus neuroepithelial cells.

2016-05-21 | GSE81717 | GEO

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