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Responses to crowding stress in Atlantic salmon reared in different aquaculture systems

ABSTRACT: Recirculation systems (RAS), which reduce water consumption and improve pathogen control are increasingly used in Atlantic salmon aquaculture. Performance and adaptation of fish to new farming environment is actively investigated. Here, responses to crowding stress were compared in salmon reared in two systems (RAS with brackish water and flowthrough with full salinity water) at low and high density.

ORGANISM(S): Salmo salar

PROVIDER: GSE173229 | GEO | 2021/04/27

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Responses to crowding stress in Atlantic salmon reared in different aquaculture systems

Project description:Responses to crowding stress in Atlantic salmon reared in different aquaculture systems

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Potential biomarker genes for crowding stress in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Project description:Stocking density is considered as a key factor determining the productivity of fish aquaculture systems. The transcriptomic response to crowding stress is, however, still poorly investigated. We aimed at the identification of potential biomarker genes via microarray analyses to get insight into molecular pathways modulated through density-induced stress in farmed rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Transcriptome profiling in liver, kidney, and gills was complemented with behaviarol observation and analysis of classical plasma parameters. Individuals of two trout strains were exposed for eight days to definite stocking densities, 1Â kg/mÂ³ (low density); 10Â kg/mÂ³ (moderate); 18Â kg/mÂ³ (elevated); and 35Â kg/mÂ³ (high). Whereas stocking density had no significant effect on cortisol levels, plasma glucose levels were elevated in trout kept at high density. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the upregulation of HIF1a signaling in liver contributing to glucose homeostasis during stress conditions, while mTOR and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways were downregulated. Further perturbed hepatic pathways were involved in protein ubiquitination and the biosynthesis of cholesterol, retinol and glutathione. Three stocking density conditions were investigated: an uncrowded âmoderateâ density (MD: 10Â kg trout/mÂ³) , an elevated density (ED: 18Â kg/mÂ³ ), and high density (HD: 35Â kg/mÂ³). The experiment was performed twice with two strains of Steelhead rainbow trout (Troutlodge and Born trout), randomly assigned to identical glass tanks with MD (30 and 34 individuals), ED (60 and 64 individuals), and HD (120 and 140 individuals). Trout were sampled 8 d after experimental onset.

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