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Glucose Starvation Induces a Switch in the Histone Acetylome for Activation of Gluconeogenic and Fat Metabolism Genes [ChIP-seq]

ABSTRACT: Acetyl-CoA is a key intermediate in metabolism situated at the intersection of many metabolic pathways. The reliance of histone acetylation on acetyl-CoA enables gene expression to be coordinated with metabolic state. Previous studies have linked abundant histone acetylation to activation of genes involved in cell growth or tumorigenesis. However, under glucose starvation, the extent to which histone acetylation is important for gene expression remains poorly understood. Here, we use a yeast starvation model to unravel a dramatic alteration in global occupancy of histone acetylation following carbon starvation. We observe a shift in the location of histone acetylation marks from growth-promoting genes to genes required for gluconeogenesis and fat metabolism. This switch is mediated by both the histone deacetylase Rpd3 and the Gcn5p/SAGA acetyltransferase. Our findings reveal a striking specificity for histone acetylation in promoting pathways that generate acetyl-CoA for oxidation when intracellular acetyl-CoA is limiting .

ORGANISM(S): Saccharomyces cerevisiae

PROVIDER: GSE178159 | GEO | 2022/01/06

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Glucose Starvation Induces a Switch in the Histone Acetylome for Activation of Gluconeogenic and Fat Metabolism Genes [RNA-seq]

Project description:Acetyl-CoA is a key intermediate in metabolism situated at the intersection of many metabolic pathways. The reliance of histone acetylation on acetyl-CoA enables gene expression to be coordinated with metabolic state. Previous studies have linked abundant histone acetylation to activation of genes involved in cell growth or tumorigenesis. However, under glucose starvation, the extent to which histone acetylation is important for gene expression remains poorly understood. Here, we use a yeast starvation model to unravel a dramatic alteration in global occupancy of histone acetylation following carbon starvation. We observe a shift in the location of histone acetylation marks from growth-promoting genes to genes required for gluconeogenesis and fat metabolism. This switch is mediated by both the histone deacetylase Rpd3 and the Gcn5p/SAGA acetyltransferase. Our findings reveal a striking specificity for histone acetylation in promoting pathways that generate acetyl-CoA for oxidation when intracellular acetyl-CoA is limiting .

2022-01-06 | GSE178160 | GEO

Cytosolic acetyl-CoA promotes histone acetylation predominantly at H3K27 in Arabidopsis

Project description:Acetyl-Coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is a central metabolite and the acetyl source for protein acetylation, particularly histone acetylation that promotes gene expression. However, the effect of acetyl-CoA levels on histone acetylation status in plants remains unknown. Here, we show that malfunctioned cytosolic acetyl-CoA carboxylase1 (ACC1) in Arabidopsis leads to elevated levels of acetyl-CoA and promotes histone hyperacetylation predominantly at lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27). The increase of H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) is dependent on ATP-citrate lyase which cleaves citrate to acetyl-CoA in the cytoplasm, and requires histone acetyltransferase GCN5. A comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome in combination with the genome-wide H3K27ac profiles of acc1 mutants, demonstrate the dynamic changes of H3K27ac, gene transcripts and metabolites occurring in the cell by the increased levels of acetyl-CoA. This study suggests that H3K27ac is an important link between cytosolic acetyl-CoA level and gene expression in response to the dynamic metabolic environments in plants.

2017-09-25 | GSE79524 | GEO

Acetyl-CoA metabolism by ACSS2 regulates neuronal histone acetylation and long-term memory [ChIP-seq]

Project description:Metabolic production of acetyl-CoA has been linked to histone acetylation and gene regulation, however the mechanisms are largely unknown. We show that the metabolic enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) is a critical and directchum regulator of histone acetylation in neurons and of long-term mammalian memory. We observe increased nuclear ACSS2 in differentiating neurons in vitro. Genome-wide, ACSS2 binding corresponds with increased histone acetylation and gene expression of key neuronal genes. These data indicate that ACSS2 functions as a chromatin-bound co-activator to increase local concentrations of acetyl-CoA and to locally promote histone acetylation for transcription of neuron-specific genes. Remarkably, in vivo attenuation of hippocampal ACSS2 expression in adult mice impairs long-term spatial memory, a cognitive process reliant on histone acetylation. ACSS2 reduction in hippocampus also leads to a defect in upregulation of key neuronal genes involved in memory. These results reveal a unique connection between cellular metabolism and neural plasticity, and establish a link between generation of acetyl-CoA and neuronal chromatin regulation. Genome-wide examination of histone H3 and H4 acetylation, as well as ACSS2 binding, in undifferentiated CAD cells and differentiated CAD neurons; background adjusted by H3 ChIP or Input.

2017-05-01 | E-GEOD-76850 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Acetyl-CoA metabolism by ACSS2 regulates neuronal histone acetylation and long-term memory [RNA-seq]

Project description:Metabolic production of acetyl-CoA has been linked to histone acetylation and gene regulation, however the mechanisms are largely unknown. We show that the metabolic enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) is a critical and direct regulator of histone acetylation in neurons and of long-term mammalian memory. We observe increased nuclear ACSS2 in differentiating neurons in vitro. Genome-wide, ACSS2 binding corresponds with increased histone acetylation and gene expression of key neuronal genes. These data indicate that ACSS2 functions as a chromatin-bound co-activator to increase local concentrations of acetyl-CoA and to locally promote histone acetylation for transcription of neuron-specific genes. Remarkably, in vivo attenuation of hippocampal ACSS2 expression in adult mice impairs long-term spatial memory, a cognitive process reliant on histone acetylation. ACSS2 reduction in hippocampus also leads to a defect in upregulation of key neuronal genes involved in memory. These results reveal a unique connection between cellular metabolism and neural plasticity, and establish a link between generation of acetyl-CoA and neuronal chromatin regulation. Global survey of gene expression in CAD cells and differentiated CAD neurons following lentiviral knockdown of ACSS2 or ATP citrate lyase (ACL) (and control = scramble hairpin); survey of hippocampal gene expression changes associated with retrieval of fear memory, after ACSS2-AAV knockdown or in EGFP-AAV control (comparison of 0h vs. 1h post-memory retrieval).

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RNA-sequencing analysis of glucose and acetate regulated transcripts in glioblastoma cells

Project description:Our studies indicate that glucose and acetate can regulate histone acetylation by altering the acetyl-CoA concentrations in the cell. The purpose of this study was to to determine whether specific gene sets correlated with acetyl-CoA availability. We conclude that 10% of glucose-regulated genes are acetyl-CoA regulated genes (genes suppressed or induced by low glucose and reversed by acetate). Acetate usually regulated gene expression in the same direction as glucose, suggesting that acetyl-CoA is a key mediator of glucose-dependent gene expression. The experiments were performed in quadruplicates for each condition with a total of 12 samples

2014-08-05 | E-GEOD-57488 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Nrf2 drives hepatocellular carcinoma progression through acetyl-CoA-mediated metabolic, epigenetic and oncogenic regulatory networks

Project description:Liver tumors had high levels of histone acetylation. Nrf2 knockout mice developed fewer tumors than Nrf2 wild-type mice. The mechanistic study found that Nrf2 knockout reduced the generation of acetyl CoA from impaired glycolysis, TCA cycle, and fatty acid metabolism. Acetyl CoA is the substrate for protein acetylation including histone acetylation. Here we determined the genome-wide distribution of AcH3K27. We found that Nrf2 through regulating acetyl CoA production affects histone acetylation (AcH3K27) to modulate the expression of genes, whose products were involved in the glycolysis, TCA cycle, fatty acid metabolism, and oncogenic Myc/mTor signaling. Our findings supported an Nrf2-integrated metabolic, epigenetic and oncogenic signaling in driving liver tumor development.

2023-03-20 | GSE227068 | GEO

Acetyl-CoA metabolism by ACSS2 regulates neuronal histone acetylation and long-term memory [RNA-seq]

Project description:Metabolic production of acetyl-CoA has been linked to histone acetylation and gene regulation, however the mechanisms are largely unknown. We show that the metabolic enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) is a critical and direct regulator of histone acetylation in neurons and of long-term mammalian memory. We observe increased nuclear ACSS2 in differentiating neurons in vitro. Genome-wide, ACSS2 binding corresponds with increased histone acetylation and gene expression of key neuronal genes. These data indicate that ACSS2 functions as a chromatin-bound co-activator to increase local concentrations of acetyl-CoA and to locally promote histone acetylation for transcription of neuron-specific genes. Remarkably, in vivo attenuation of hippocampal ACSS2 expression in adult mice impairs long-term spatial memory, a cognitive process reliant on histone acetylation. ACSS2 reduction in hippocampus also leads to a defect in upregulation of key neuronal genes involved in memory. These results reveal a unique connection between cellular metabolism and neural plasticity, and establish a link between generation of acetyl-CoA and neuronal chromatin regulation.

2017-05-01 | GSE76853 | GEO

Acetyl-CoA metabolism by ACSS2 regulates neuronal histone acetylation and long-term memory [ChIP-seq]

2017-05-01 | GSE76850 | GEO

Acetyl CoA metabolism by ACSS2 regulates neuronal histone acetylation and hippocampal memory [RNA-seq In Vivo]

Project description:Metabolic production of acetyl-CoA has been linked to histone acetylation and gene regulation, however the mechanisms are largely unknown. We show that the metabolic enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) is a critical and direct regulator of histone acetylation in neurons and of mammalian spatial object memory. We observe increased nuclear ACSS2 in differentiating neurons in vitro. Genome-wide, ACSS2 binding corresponds with increased histone acetylation and gene expression of key neuronal genes. These data indicate that ACSS2 functions as a chromatin-bound co-activator to increase local concentrations of acetyl-CoA and to locally promote histone acetylation for transcription of neuron-specific genes. Remarkably, in vivo attenuation of hippocampal ACSS2 expression in adult mice impairs long-term spatial memory, a cognitive process reliant on histone acetylation. ACSS2 reduction in hippocampus also leads to a defect in upregulation of key neuronal genes involved in memory, and these hippocampal genes are pre-bound by ACSS2. These results reveal a unique connection between cellular metabolism, gene regulation, and neural plasticity, establishing a link between generation of acetyl-CoA “on-site” at chromatin of critical neuronal genes.

2017-05-01 | GSE90855 | GEO

Acetyl CoA metabolism by ACSS2 regulates neuronal histone acetylation and hippocampal memory [RNA-seq In Vitro]

Project description:Metabolic production of acetyl-CoA has been linked to histone acetylation and gene regulation, however the mechanisms are largely unknown. We show that the metabolic enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2) is a critical and direct regulator of histone acetylation in neurons and of mammalian spatial object memory. We observe increased nuclear ACSS2 in differentiating neurons in vitro. Genome-wide, ACSS2 binding corresponds with increased histone acetylation and gene expression of key neuronal genes. These data indicate that ACSS2 functions as a chromatin-bound co-activator to increase local concentrations of acetyl-CoA and to locally promote histone acetylation for transcription of neuron-specific genes. Remarkably, in vivo attenuation of hippocampal ACSS2 expression in adult mice impairs long-term spatial memory, a cognitive process reliant on histone acetylation. ACSS2 reduction in hippocampus also leads to a defect in upregulation of key neuronal genes involved in memory, and these hippocampal genes are pre-bound by ACSS2. These results reveal a unique connection between cellular metabolism, gene regulation, and neural plasticity, establishing a link between generation of acetyl-CoA “on-site” at chromatin of critical neuronal genes.

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