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The Transcriptional Response to Oxidative Stress is Independent of Stress-Granule Formation

ABSTRACT: We characterized oxidative-stress-induced transcriptional changes in Drosophila S2 cells and assessed how these were altered under conditions that disrupted stress granule (SG) assembly. Sodium-arsenite stress for 3 hours resulted predominantly in the induction or upregulation of stress-responsive mRNAs whose levels peaked during cell recovery after stress cessation. RNAi-mediated knock down of the conserved G3BP1/ Rasputin protein inhibited stress-granule assembly. However, this disruption had no significant effect on the stress-induced transcriptional response.

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE178464 | GEO | 2022/01/24

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Norovirus infection results in assembly of virus-specific G3BP1 granules and evasion of eIF2 apha signaling

Project description:Proteomic analysis of murine stress granule and G3BP1 granulome in infected cells. BV2 GFP-G3BP1 cells were either treated with 0.1 mM arsenite for 1h to induce SG assembly or infected with MNV for 9h. G3BP1 granules were enriched by sequential centrifugation and purified by immunoprecipitation using antibodies to GFP (to trap GFP-G3BP1) or IgG (as a control) followed by pull down with Protein A-conjugated epoxy Dynabeads as previously described. To characterize the identity of G3BP1 partners within these, Mass Spectrometric analysis was performed.

2019-12-12 | PXD011956 | Pride

ECT2 and AURKB Modulate Formation of Stress Granules Containing Transcripts from Diverse Cellular Pathways in Astrocytoma Cells

Project description:Stress granules are small RNA-protein granules that modify the translational landscape during cellular stress to promote survival. The RhoGTPase RhoA is implicated in the formation of RNA stress granules. Our data demonstrate that the cytokinetic proteins ECT2 and AurkB are localized to stress granules in human astrocytoma cells. AurkB and its downstream target histone-3 are phosphorylated during arsenite-induced stress. Chemical (AZD1152-HQPA) and siRNA inhibition of AurkB results in fewer and smaller stress granules when analyzed utilizing high throughput fluorescent based cellomics assays. RNA immunoprecipitation with the known stress granule aggregates TIAR and G3BP1 was performed on astrocytoma cells and subsequent analysis revealed that astrocytoma stress granules harbour unique mRNAs for various cellular pathways including cellular migration, metabolism, translation and transcriptional regulation. Human astrocytoma cell stress granules contain mRNA that are known to be involved in glioma signaling and the mTOR pathway. These data provide evidence that RNA stress granules are a novel form of epigenetic regulation in astrocytoma cells, which may be targetable by chemical inhibitors and enhance astrocytoma susceptiblity to conventional therapy such as radiation and chemotherapy. Astrocytoma cells were either untreated or treated with arsenite to induce stress granule formation and RNA immunoprecipitates were analyzed by exon array analysis. RNA species that were enriched in TIAR RIPs and G3BP1 RIPS, respectively were compared to compared to TIAR and G3BP1 RIPs from untreated cells and input controls. Ingenuity pathway analysis was performed on the stress granule enriched mRNAs from the TIAR and G3BP1 RIPs to identify significant functional biology networks.

2016-02-29 | E-GEOD-76814 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Phase separation and stress granule association of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein

Project description:The current work identified the protein interactors of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid RNA binding protein (NCAP or N protein) in lung cancer A-549 cells, using a co-immunoprecipitation strategy, which is coupled with SILAC-based mass spec. A significant proportion of the identified NCAP interacting proteins included stress granule (SG) and immunoregulators. SG nucleator G3BP1 showed specific interaction wit NCAP in unstressed and oxidative- or heat-stressed cells. Following stress treatment, NCAP showed enhanced association with SGs. Recombinant NCAP exhibited in vitro liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS)to form liquid droplets. RNA stimulated NCAP to develop droplets in vitro and SG assembly in cells, and RNase A treatment completely blocked both of these functions. An RNA intercalating mitoxantrone disrupted NCAP assembly in SGs invitro and in cells. This study provides insight into the biological processes and biophysical properties of the SARS-CoV-2 NCAP and identifies a candidate way to target this protein.

2021-11-25 | PXD023989 | Pride

G3BP1 translocates into mitochondria to impair MCU complex function and promotes NASH progression

Project description:Mitochondrial calcium signaling plays a critical role in mitochondrial homeostasis during non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progression. Here, we report Ras‐GTPase activating protein SH3 domain‐binding protein 1 (G3BP1), a core protein of stress granule (SG), significantly upregulated in NAFLD/NASH patients, mouse models and palmitic acid-stimulated hepatocytes. Hepatocyte-specific G3BP1 deficiency attenuates NASH in two dietary mouse models. SG and the mitochondrial import protein TOM70 collaboratively mediate the translocation of G3BP1 to the mitochondria. G3BP1 interacts and stabilizes mitochondrial calcium uptake 1 (MICU1) via inhibiting YME1L1-mediated degradation of MICU1, and also impedes MCU complex activity and assembly, leading to mitochondrial calcium overload. Moreover, metabolic stress suppresses TRIM25-mediated K63-ubiquitination of G3BP1 and subsequent SG disassembly. Pharmacological inhibition of G3BP1 impairs the G3BP1-MICU1 interaction and prevents mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance and NASH progression. Collectively, we uncover the significant role of mitochondrial G3BP1 in mitochondrial homeostasis and NASH progression, which provides a potential target for therapeutic interventions.

2023-12-13 | GSE249869 | GEO

Membrane atg8ylation coordinates stress granule formation and mTOR inactivation in response to lysosomal damage

Project description:We report that lysosomal damage is a hitherto unknown inducer of stress granule (SG) formation and that the process termed membrane atg8ylation coordinates SG formation with mTOR inactivation during lysosomal stress. SGs were induced by lysosome-damaging agents including SARS-CoV-2ORF3a, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and proteopathic tau. During damage, mammalian ATG8s directly interacted with the core SG proteins NUFIP2 and G3BP1. Atg8ylation was needed for their recruitment to damaged lysosomes independently of SG condensates whereupon NUFIP2 contributed to mTOR inactivation via the Ragulator-RagA/B complex. Thus, cells employ membrane atg8ylation to control and coordinate SG and mTOR responses to lysosomal damage.

2022-06-09 | MSV000089622 | MassIVE

Stress granule assembly impairs macrophage efferocytosis [RIP-seq]

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2024-05-01 | GSE264137 | GEO

FAM69C promotes stress granule assembly and suppresses inflammasome activation

Project description:Stress granule and inflammasome assembly determine contrasting fates of stressed cells. FAM69C is a brain-enriched kinase associated with neurodegenerative diseases, but its biological functions are still largely unknown. Here we show that FAM69C plays an important role in the regulation of stress responses through promoting stress granule assembly and suppressing inflammasome activation. In response to ATP, a common inflammasome activator, mouse primary microglia, and BV-2 cells form stress granules. FAM69C deficiency hastens inflammasome activation in mouse microglia, which is accompanied by inhibited stress granule assembly. FAM69C promotes the assembly of stress granules and halts protein translation under stress. Aged Fam69c knockout mice show increased neuroinflammation and ASC specks formation. We further find that FAM69C physically phosphorylates eIF2α and promotes stress granule assembly. Our data reveal that FAM69C promotes stress granule assembly under stress and suppresses inflammasome formation in microglia, suggesting that FAM69C may be a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases.

2022-10-05 | GSE214646 | GEO

Proximity-dependent biotinylation detects association between stress granule associated proteins and SARS coronavirus nonstructural protein 1

Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2) nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) is a critical viral protein that suppresses host gene expression by blocking the assembly of the ribosome on host messenger RNAs (mRNA). Using proximity-dependent biotinylation assay followed by proteomic analyses of biotinylated proteins, we captured multiple dynamic interactions of nsp1 with host cell proteins. In addition to ribosomal proteins, we have identified several mRNA processing proteins, including splicing factors and transcription termination proteins, exosomes- and stress granule (SG) associated proteins. The interactions with transcription termination factors are primarily governed by the C-terminal region of nsp1 and are disrupted by the mutation of K164 and H165 amino acids. We further show that nsp1 associates with SG protein G3BP and colocalizes with G3BP in SGs under sodium arsenite-induced stress for a short period of time. However, the presence of nsp1 disrupts the maturation of SGs over a long period.

2022-02-17 | PXD025980 | Pride

Profiling stress-triggered RNA condensation with photocatalytic proximity labeling

Project description:Stress granules (SGs) are highly dynamic cytoplasmic membrane-less organelles that assemble when cells are challenged by stress. At different stages of assembly, various RNA molecules are sorted into SGs where they play important roles in maintaining the structural stability of SGs and regulating gene expression. Despite recent efforts of fluorescence microscopy and biochemical fractionation analysis, there still lacks a complete description of the dynamic changes in the molecular inventory of SG components during different stages of assembly and disassembly. In this study, we applied a proximity-dependent RNA labeling method, CAP-seq, to comprehensively investigate the content of local transcriptome in SGs, in the context of live mammalian cells. CAP-seq captures 457 and 822 RNAs in arsenite- and sorbitol-induced SGs in HEK293T cells, respectively, revealing that SG enrichment is positively correlated with RNA length and AU content, but negatively correlated with translation efficiency. The high spatial specificity of CAP-seq dataset is validated by single-molecule FISH imaging. We further applied CAP-seq profile RNA components in microscopically invisible SG cores, both before stress and after recovery from stress, thus mapping the dynamic changes in SG-proximal transcriptome along the time course of granule assembly/disassembly processes. Our data portray a model of AU-rich and translationally repressed SG nanostructure that are memorized long after the removal of stress.

2023-10-11 | GSE223295 | GEO

SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein attenuates stress granule formation and interacts directly with mRNAs to impair host stress response (RNA-Seq)

Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleocapsid (N) protein is highly expressed upon infection and is essential for viral replication, making it a promising target for antiviral drug and vaccine development. Here, starting from a functional proteomics workflow, we catalogued the protein-protein interactions of 28 SARS-CoV-2 proteins in HEK293 cells, including an evolutionarily conserved specific interaction of N with the stress granule resident proteins G3BP1 and G3BP2. N protein localizes to stress granules and sequesters G3BP1 and G3BP2 away from their normal interaction partners, thus attenuating stress granule formation. N also binds directly to host mRNAs, with a preference for 3´ UTRs, and modulates target mRNA stability. We show that SARS-CoV-2 N protein rewires the G3BP1 mRNA-binding profile, thereby suppressing host gene expression changes induced in response to cellular stress.

2021-12-17 | GSE171009 | GEO

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