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Postprandial effects of protein from salmon by-products and whey on gene expression in liver cells.

ABSTRACT: Exploring the metabolic effects of fish protein is important, as by-products from fish contain large amounts of proteins that could be used for human consumption. The aim of this study was to investigate the postprandial effects of intake of protein from salmon by-products, compared to whey. As part of this effort, the effects on gene expression in liver cells were studied in vitro. This was done by incubating HepG2 cells with human serum taken before (fasting) or 30 and 60 min after intake of salmon protein or whey and comparing that with HepG2 cells incubated in serum-free medium. Transcriptomic profiling of the cells was done with RNA sequencing.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE178584 | GEO | 2022/04/12

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Postprandial effects of protein from salmon by-products and whey on gene expression in liver cells.

Project description:Postprandial effects of protein from salmon by-products and whey on gene expression in liver cells.

| PRJNA739692 | ENA

Consumption of fishmeal from salmon by-products increased the accumulation of cholesterol in liver of mice

Project description:Purpose: By-products from farmed fish contain large amounts of proteins and may be used for human consumption. The purpose of this study was to investigate cardiometabolic effects and metabolic tolerance in mice consuming fishmeal from salmon by-products, salmon filet or beef. Methods: Female C57BL/6J mice were fed chow, as a healthy reference group, or a high-fat diet for 10 weeks to induce obesity and glucose intolerance. Obese mice were subsequently given isocaloric diets containing 50% of the dietary protein from salmon fishmeal, salmon filet or beef for 10 weeks. Mice were subjected to metabolic phenotyping, which included measurements of body composition, energy metabolism in metabolic cages and glucose tolerance. Lipid content and markers of hepatic toxicity were determined in plasma and liver. Hepatic gene and protein expression was determined with RNA sequencing and immunoblotting. Results: Mice fed fishmeal, salmon filet or beef had similar food intake, energy consumption, body weight gain, adiposity, glucose tolerance and circulating levels of lipids and hepatic toxicity markers, such as p-ALT and p-AST. Fishmeal increased hepatic cholesterol levels by 35-36% as compared to salmon filet (p = 0.0001) and beef (p = 0.005). This was accompanied by repressed expression of genes involved in steroid and cholesterol metabolism and reduced levels of circulating Pcsk9. Conclusion: Salmon fishmeal was well tolerated, but increased hepatic cholesterol content. The high cholesterol content in fishmeal may be responsible for the effects on hepatic cholesterol metabolism. Before introducing fishmeal from salmon by-products as a dietary component, it may be advantageous to reduce the cholesterol content in fishmeal.

2022-07-01 | GSE188546 | GEO

Nutrigenomics study in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fed novel diets supplemented with marine by-products

Project description:The processing of seafood for human or animal consumption creates vast amounts of by-product, which is often considered waste. Although some of these by-products are used as fishmeal, bone-meal or fertilizer, as a whole, it remains under utilized. Significant amounts of proteins, lipid fractions, vitamins, and other bioactive molecules are present in these by-products, all with potential beneficial properties that could be used as alternatives to fishmeal or as supplements for aquaculture species. In an attempt to investigate their potential benefit in Atlantic salmon fish nutrition, nine experimental diets were formulated using by-products originating from various seafood processing plants. A control basal diet (no by-product added) was also formulated. Juvenile Atlantic salmons were fed one of the nine experimental diets (30% marine by-product, 70% basal diet) or the basal diet and hepatic gene expression profiling was done on fish fed each diet after 14 and 56 days. Analysis of hepatic gene expression revealed a significant amount of differentially expressed genes for each diet with roles in various pathways and biological processes. By comparing differences in hepatic gene expression levels with the nutritional composition of the various feeds, we were able to identify a number of nutritional elements that affect specific gene families. This information will be very useful for the formulation of novel fish feeds, which may be designed with specific aims, such as rapid growth, increased immunity or better general health This specific study is aimed at evaluating the hepatic transcriptional responses in juvenile Atlantic salmon fed with fish feed formulation supplemented with one of nine marine by-products.

2012-12-31 | E-GEOD-41325 | biostudies-arrayexpress

EARLY NUTRIONAL PROGRAMMING AFFECTS LIVER TRANSCRIPTOME IN DIPLOID AND TRIPLOID ATLANTIC SALMON, Salmo salar

Project description:To ensure sustainability of aquaculture, plant-based ingredients are being used in feeds to replace marine-derived products. However, plants contain secondary metabolites which can affect food intake and nutrient utilisation of fish. The application of nutritional stimuli during early development can induce long-term changes in animal physiology. Recently, we successfully used this approach to improve the utilisation of plant-based diets in diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon. In the present study we explored the molecular mechanisms occurring in the liver of salmon when challenged with a plant-based diet in order to determine the metabolic processes affected, and the effect of ploidy. Microarray analysis revealed that nutritional history had a major impact on the expression of genes. Key pathways of intermediary metabolism were up-regulated, including oxidative phosphorylation, pyruvate metabolism, TCA cycle, glycolysis and fatty acid metabolism. Other differentially expressed pathways affected by diet included protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, RNA transport, endocytosis and purine metabolism. The interaction between diet and ploidy also had an effect on the hepatic transcriptome of salmon. The biological pathways with the highest number of genes affected by this interaction were related to gene transcription and translation, and cell processes such as proliferation, differentiation, communication and membrane trafficking. The present study revealed that nutritional programming induced changes in a large number of metabolic processes in Atlantic salmon, which may be associated with the improved fish performance and nutrient utilisation demonstrated previously. In addition, differences between diploid and triploid salmon were found, supporting recent data that indicate nutritional requirements of triploid salmon may differ from those of their diploid counterparts.

2017-10-24 | E-MTAB-5813 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Intake of high dairy products modifies the correlation between a-tocopherol levels and serum proteins related to lipid metabolism in subjects at risk of type 2 diabetes

Project description:The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between a-tocopherol levels and serum protein profiles in human subjects at risk of T2D before and after intake of adequate dairy (AD) or high dairy (HD) products. In this crossover study, dietary intake of 25 subjects with hyperinsulinemia included: 1- pre-AD intake; 2- pre-HD intake; 3- post- AD intake (less or equal 2 servings/day); and 4- post-HD intake (more or equal than 4 servings/day) assessed by food frequency questionnaire. At each intake, serum a-tocopherol level was measured by gas chromatography-spectrometry and serum proteins were identified and quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Spearman correlation and gene ontology analyses were performed to identify biological pathways affected by dairy intake. a-tocopherol levels were associated with proteins that regulate lipid homeostasis and immune response. However, the increase intake of dairy products modified these associations in subjects with T2D.

2022-07-19 | MSV000089916 | MassIVE

Dietary Inclusion of Hydrolyzed Debaryomyces hansenii Yeasts Modulates Physiological Responses in Plasma and Immune Organs of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) Parr Exposed to Acute Hypoxia Stress

Project description:The present work studies the effect of Debaryomyces hansenii yeast-based products on physiological responses in Atlantic salmon exposed to a short-term stress. For this, a control fishmeal-based diet (CD) and experimental diets containing 0.1% of Debaryomyces hansenii were fed to fish for 8 weeks in fresh water. At the end of the feeding experiment, fish were exposed to 1-minute hypoxia stress and samples were collected post-stress

2022-03-08 | GSE189236 | GEO

Nutrigenomics study in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) fed novel diets supplemented with marine by-products

2012-12-31 | GSE41325 | GEO

Candida utilis as a protein source for Atlantic salmon

Project description:Single cell proteins, such as Candida utilis, are known to have immunomodulating effects in the distal intestine (DI) of Atlantic salmon, whereas soybean meal (SBM) can cause soybean meal induce enteritis (SBMIE). Inflammatory or immunomodulatory stimuli at the local level in the intestine may alter the plasma protein profile of Atlantic salmon. These changes can be helpful tools in diagnosis for fish diseases and indicators for fish health. The present work aimed to identify local intestinal tissue responses and changes in plasma protein profiles of Atlantic salmon fed C. utilis yeast, SBM, or combined diets. Fish meal (FM) based diet was used as a control diet and the six experimental diets were: FM diet with 200 g/kg C. utilis (FM200CU) and five diets containing 200 g/kg SBM together with 0 (SBM group), 25, 50, 100 or 200 g/kg C. utilis (SBM25CU, SBM50CU, SBM100CU and SBM200CU groups, respectively). Intestine morphology of fish fed FM200CU where not affected whereas SBM group presented changes characteristic of SBMIE. Low inclusion of C. utilis in SBM diet showed a modulation of immune cell populations, but did not alleviate inflammatory symptom.

2020-05-18 | PXD012051 | Pride

Enniatin B and beauvericin prevailing in fish feed affect intestinal cell function and hematological processes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after acute exposure

Project description:Unintentional use of mold-infested plant-based feed ingredients are sources of mycotoxins in fish feeds. The presence of the emerging mycotoxins ENNB and BEA in Norwegian commercial fish feeds and plant-based feed ingredients has raised concerns regarding the health effects on farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmon salar). Atlantic salmon pre-smolts were exposed to a non-lethal single-dose of BEA and ENNB, and total RNA sequencing of the intestine and liver was carried out to evaluate gut health and identify possible hepatological changes after a single-dose dietary exposure. ENNB and BEA did not give acute toxicity, however ENNB caused the onset of pathways linked to acute intestinal inflammation and BEA exposures caused the onset of hepatic hematological disruption. The prevalence and concentration of ENNB found in today's commercial feed could affect the fish health if consumed over a longer time-period.

2022-12-01 | GSE213817 | GEO

Dietary cholesterol supplementation to a plant-based diet for Atlantic salmon

Project description:The study evaluated effects of dietary cholesterol (1.5%) in Atlantic salmon fed a plant based diet for 77 days. Cholesterol supplementation did not affect growth or organ weights of Atlantic salmon, but promoted induction of cholesterol and plant sterol efflux in the intestine, whereas sterol uptake was suppressed. Microarray analyses in the liver indicated decreased cholesterol biosynthesis and enhanced conversion to bile acids. The marked effect of cholesterol on bile acid synthesis suggests that dietary cholesterol can be used to stimulate bile acid synthesis in fish. The study clearly demonstrated how Atlantic salmon adjusted metabolic functions in response to the dietary load of cholesterol, and has expanded our understanding of sterol metabolism and turnover that adds to the knowledge of these processes in fish. Atlantic salmon received feeds based on plant ingredients with (CH) and without (K) supplementation of cholesterol. Liver samples were collected after 77 days. Five individuals from each group were analyzed with microarrays, pooled liver sample of salmon fed with commerical fish meal based feed was used as a reference.

2013-10-31 | E-GEOD-51887 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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