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Transcriptional activation of auxin biosynthesis drives developmental reprogramming of differentiated cells

ABSTRACT: Plant cells exhibit remarkable plasticity of their differentiation states, enabling regeneration of whole plants from differentiated somatic cells. How they revert cell fate and express pluripotency, however, remains unclear. Here we show that transcriptional activation of auxin biosynthesis is crucial for reprogramming differentiated leaf cells in Arabidopsis. We demonstrate that intervention of histone acetyltransferases causes severe defects in callus formation from leaf mesophyll protoplasts. Our data suggest that histone acetylation affects transcription of auxin biosynthesis genes. Auxin biosynthesis is in turn required to accomplish initial cell division through the activation of G2/M phase genes mediated by MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 3-RELATED (MYB3Rs). We further show that AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7 (ARF7)/ARF19 and INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 3 (IAA3)/IAA18-mediated auxin signaling pathway is responsible for the cell cycle reactivation in protoplasts. These findings provide novel mechanistic insights into how differentiated plant cells revert their fate and reinitiate the cell cycle to exert pluripotency.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE178645 | GEO | 2021/10/03

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Auxin biosynthesis drives developmental reprogramming of differentiated cells

Project description:Plant cells exhibit remarkable plasticity of their differentiation states, enabling regeneration of whole plants from differentiated somatic cells. How they revert cell fate and express pluripotency, however, remains unclear. In this study we demonstrate that transcriptional activation of auxin biosynthesis is crucial for reprogramming differentiated Arabidopsis leaf cells. We demonstrate that interfering with the activity of histone acetyltransferases dramatically reduces callus formation from leaf mesophyll protoplasts. Histone acetylation permits the transcriptional activation of PLETHORAs (PLTs), leading to the induction of their downstream target gene YUCCA1 (YUC1) encoding an enzyme for auxin biosynthesis. Auxin biosynthesis is in turn required to accomplish initial cell division through the activation of G2/M phase genes mediated by MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN 3-RELATED (MYB3Rs). We further show that the AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7 (ARF7)/ARF19 and INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 3 (IAA3)/IAA18-mediated auxin signaling pathway is responsible for cell cycle reactivation by transcriptionally upregulating MYB3R4. These findings provide a mechanistic model of how differentiated plant cells revert their fate and reinitiate the cell cycle to become pluripotent.

2022-07-07 | GSE204767 | GEO

Auxin mediated gene expression in WT, arf7, arf19 and arf7 arf19 mutants

Project description:RNA samples were extracted from liquid cultured seedlings treated with or without auxin (5ÂµM IAA) for 2 h. Lines used for this study: Columbia wild-type nph4-1(arf7) single mutant arf19-1 single mutant nph4-1 arf19-1 double mutant Treatment: Control (EtOH) Auxin treated (5ÂµM IAA) Keywords = Auxin Keywords = Auxin response factor Keywords: parallel sample

2010-06-09 | E-GEOD-627 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Auxin mediated gene expression in WT, arf7, arf19 and arf7 arf19 mutants

Project description:RNA samples were extracted from liquid cultured seedlings treated with or without auxin (5µM IAA) for 2 h. Lines used for this study: Columbia wild-type nph4-1(arf7) single mutant arf19-1 single mutant nph4-1 arf19-1 double mutant Treatment: Control (EtOH) Auxin treated (5µM IAA) Keywords = Auxin Keywords = Auxin response factor Keywords: parallel sample

2005-10-19 | GSE627 | GEO

The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase AFF1 targets ARF19 to the proteasome

Project description:Auxin critically regulates nearly every aspect of plant growth and development. Auxin-driven transcriptional responses are mediated through the AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR (ARF) family of transcription factors. Although ARF protein stability is regulated via the 26S proteasome, molecular mechanisms underlying ARF stability and turnover are unknown. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of an F-Box E3 ubiquitin ligase, which we have named AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR F-BOX1 (AFF1). AFF1 directly interacts with ARF19 and regulates its accumulation. Mutants defective in AFF1 display ARF19 protein hyperaccumulation, mild auxin resistance, and developmental defects. Together, our data suggest a new mechanism, namely control of ARF protein stability, in regulating auxin responsiveness.

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Profiling primary and secondary targets of ARF7 and ARF19 in Arabidopsis thaliana roots

Project description:Arabidopsis thaliana AF7/ARF19 double knockout with ARF7 reintroduced under its own promotor with a glucocorticoid receptor added were treated with Auxin, Dexamethazone and cycloheximide to determine primary and secondary ARF7 auxin sensitive downstream targets

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Plant Elongator in light signaling

Project description:Elongator is a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex associated with RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) to facilitate transcription elongation. It consists of subunits Elp1-6, with Elp3 conferring HAT activity. Elongator is conserved in yeast, plants and humans. In humans, mutations in Elp genes cause neuronal diseases. In plants, Elongator is a positive regulator of cell proliferation during leaf and root growth. Consequently, Arabidopsis Elongator mutants (elo) have narrow leaves and short roots; additionally, germination, vegetative growth and reproductive development are also affected. Mutants have altered auxin signaling, and a number of auxin-related genes are among those differentially expressed in the mutant. Only two genes have been confirmed as targeted by Elongator during RNAPII transcription elongation, including the light-regulated auxin response regulator IAA3/SHY2.

2018-01-23 | GSE42053 | GEO

Auxin biosynthesis drives developmental reprogramming of differentiated cells

Project description:Auxin biosynthesis drives developmental reprogramming of differentiated cells

| PRJNA842228 | ENA

Gene expression analysis of Arabidopsis root in LBD16-GR overexpression line

Project description:Lateral roots (LRs) are formed post-embryonically and contribute to root architecture formation in vascular plants. LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-DOMAIN 16 (LBD16) is a key transcription factor to initiate LR formation. LBD16 functions downstream of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 7 (ARF7) and ARF19, and overexpression of LBD16 partially restores LR formation in the absence of ARF7 and ARF19. To identify downstream targets of LBD16, we engineered a transgenic line with inducible LBD16 activity by overexpressing a fusion protein of LBD16 and rat glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in arf7 arf19 mutant. Here we identified primary response genes of LBD16 from transcriptome analysis of 35Spro:LBD16:GR arf7 arf19 line.

2018-12-20 | GSE115418 | GEO

Arabidopsis thaliana

Project description:Auxin mediated gene expression in WT, arf7, arf19 and arf7 arf19 mutants

| PRJNA89753 | ENA

CINCINNATA Controls Surface Curvature of Antirrhinum Leaf by Coordinated and Direct Activation of Cytokinin and Auxin Signaling

Project description:Mutations in the CINCINNATA gene in Antirrhinum and its orthologues in Arabidopsis cause negative surface curvature in leaves due to excess marginal growth. CIN-like genes code for TCP transcription factors and are expressed in a broad zone of a growing leaf somewhat distal to the proliferation zone. Although a few TCP targets are known, the role of CIN-like TCP genes in regulating leaf curvature has remained unclear. We have compared the global transcription profile of wild type and cincinnata mutant to identify its targets. By combining DNA-protein interaction, chromatin immunoprecipitation and RNA in situ hybridization, we show that CIN maintains surface flatness by regulating signaling or level of major plant hormones. CIN promotes cytokinin signaling directly and GA level indirectly, in accelerating maturity in leaf cells along the tip-to-base direction. In addition, CIN suppresses auxin signaling more at the margin than centre by establishing a margin-to-medial expression gradient of a homologue of the auxin suppressor IAA3. Our results uncover an underlying mechanism in a developing leaf that controls maturity of leaf and its surface curvature. Considering the conservation of CIN-like genes and their function in leaf morphogenesis in multiple plant species, it is likely that such mechanism is evolutionarily conserved.

2013-05-01 | GSE40621 | GEO

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