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HyperTRIBE Analysis for DDX41 in human leukemia cells

ABSTRACT: In HyperTRIBE analysis, a hyperactive mutant of the catalytic domain of ADAR enzyme is fused to an RNA-binding protein of interest in order to identify RNAs that are bound by the protein interest through RNA-sequencing (Rahman et al Nat Protoc. 2018). By discovery of RNAs where adenosines have been edited to iosines, the RNAs that were bound by the protein of interest and then edited by ADAR are identified genome-wide. We conducted this analyis for DDX41, an RNA Helicase protein with multiple described cellular functions, including RNA splicing and innate immune sensing. Because DDX41 mutations have been discovered in leukemia patients, this analysis was conducted in the human lyeloid leukemia cell line THP-1.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE178892 | GEO | 2022/06/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Mechanistic Implications of Enhanced Editing by a HyperTRIBE RNA-binding protein

Project description:Most current methods to identify cell-specific RNA binding protein (RBP) targets require analyzing an extract, a strategy that is problematic with small amounts of material. We previously addressed this issue by developing TRIBE, a method that expresses an RBP of interest fused to the catalytic domain (cd) of the RNA editing enzyme ADAR. TRIBE performs Adenosine-to-Inosine editing on candidate RNA targets of the RBP. However, target identification is limited by the efficiency of the ADARcd. Here we describe HyperTRIBE, which carries a previously characterized hyperactive mutation (E488Q) of the ADARcd. HyperTRIBE identifies dramatically more editing sites than TRIBE, many of which are also edited by TRIBE but at a much lower editing frequency. The data have mechanistic implications for the enhanced editing activity of the HyperADARcd as part of a RBP fusion protein and also indicate that HyperTRIBE more faithfully recapitulates the known binding specificity of its RBP than TRIBE.

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The mRNA stability factor Khd4 defines a specific RNA regulon for membrane trafficking in the pathogen Ustilago maydis [hyperTRIBE]

Project description:Fungal pathogens depend on sophisticated gene expression programs for successful infection. A crucial component is RNA regulation mediated by RNA-binding proteins. In the biotrophic fungal plant pathogen Ustilago maydis, loss of the multi KH domain containing RBP, Khd4, causes aberrant cell morphology, disturbed hyphal growth and impaired virulence. To investigate the role of Khd4 in the polar growth of infectious hyphae, we established the RNA-editing based hyperTRIBE method to detect in vivo mRNA targets.This technique is especially suited to investigate proteins of high molecular weight or low expression that are difficult to purify (McMahon et al., 2016, Xu et al., 2018, Rahman et al., 2018). HyperTRIBE exploits the RNA editing activity of the catalytic domain of ADAR (Adenosine Deaminase Acting on RNA) from D. melanogaster that additionally carries the mutation E488Q to increase editing (Kuttan and Bass, 2012; designated Ada). We fused the codon-optimized catalytic Ada domain with the green fluorescent protein (see Materials and methods; enhanced version, designated Gfp, Clontech) to the C terminus of Khd4 (Khd4-Ada-Gfp). As a control for background editing, we used the strain expressing Ada-Gfp protein with N-terminal Kat fusion in the wildtype background (control-Ada).

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HyperTRIBE Analysis for DDX41 in human leukemia cells

Project description:HyperTRIBE Analysis for DDX41 in human leukemia cells

| PRJNA741466 | ENA

HyperTRIBE uncovers MSI2 increased RNA binding activity and differential regulation in leukemic stem cells [Molm13_ADA_RRM_controls]

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HyperTRIBE uncovers MSI2 increased RNA binding activity and differential regulation in leukemic stem cells [MOLM-13]

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HyperTRIBE assay of VSV-GFP-infected HEK293T cells overexpressing ADAR1-CD, PTENα-N(WT)-ADAR1-CD, or PTENα-N(6R/D)-ADAR1-CD fusion protein

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HyperTRIBE uncovers MSI2 increased RNA binding activity and differential regulation in leukemic stem cells [LSC and LSK]

Project description:Understanding RBPs’ molecular functions as well as their cell-type specific activity requires identification of RBPs’ direct mRNA targets. However, efforts to identify RNA targets of RNA binding proteins in stem cells have been hindered by limited cell numbers. Here we adapted the HyperTRIBE method using an RBP fused to a Drosophila RNA editing enzyme (ADAR) to allow for global mapping of mRNA targets of the RBP MSI2 in rare mammalian adult stem cells. We applied this method to identify MSI2 RNA binding targets in mouse HSPCs (Lin- Sca1+ Kit+ or LSK cells) and mouse leukemic stem cells (LSCs). MSI2 fusion with the catalytic domain of the Hyperactive ADAR mutant (MSI2-ADA) or with the dead catalytic mutant (MSI2-DCD) were overexpressed for 48 hours in LSKs and LSCs, followed by RNA-seq. As ADAR converts A to I (G), the fusion leaves a "finger-print" where MSI2 binds. MSI2-DCD and empty vector controls were used to normalize the background editing. We show that despite comparable expression of the MSI2-ADA fusion protein and endogenous MSI2 in LSCs vs LSKs, MSI2 RNA binding activity (number of targets and editing frequency) in LSCs is significantly higher than that in LSKs. This elevated RNA binding activity is independent of abundancy of the target transcripts.

2020-03-11 | GSE132948 | GEO

HyperTRIBE uncovers MSI2 increased RNA binding activity and differential regulation in leukemic stem cells [LSK cells]

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2020-03-11 | GSE132947 | GEO

The mRNA stability factor Khd4 defines a specific RNA regulon for membrane trafficking in the pathogen Ustilago maydis [RNA-Seq]

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Study functions of ADAR proteins using next generation sequencing of genome and transcriptome

Project description:Adenosine deaminases, RNA specific (ADAR) are proteins that deaminate adenosine to inosine which is then recognized in translation as guanosine. To study the roles of ADAR proteins in RNA editing and gene regulation, we carried out DNA and RNA sequencing, RNA interference and RNA-immunoprecipitation in human B-cells. We also characterized the ADAR protein complex by mass spectrometry. The results uncovered over 60,000 sites where the adenosines (A) are edited to guanosine (G) and several thousand genes whose expression levels are influenced by ADAR. We also identified more than 100 proteins in the ADAR protein complex; these include splicing factors, heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins and several members of the dynactin protein family. Our findings show that in human B-cells, ADAR proteins are involved in two independent functions: A-to-G editing and gene expression regulation. In addition, we showed that other types of RNA-DNA sequence differences are not mediated by ADAR proteins, and thus there are co- or post-transcriptional mechanisms yet to be determined. Here we studied human B-cells where ADAR proteins (ADAR1 and ADAR2) are expressed but APOBECs are not. We identified the sequence differences between DNA and the corresponding RNA in B-cells from two individuals. Then, we carried out RNA interference, RNA-immunoprecipitation and next generation sequencing to determine the contribution of ADAR proteins in mediating A-to-G editing and other types of RNA-DNA sequence differences.

2013-09-20 | E-GEOD-38233 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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