SARS-CoV-2 infected and uninfected VeroE6 and A549-ACE2: Bemcentinib and liposome treatments
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Chlorocebus aethiops Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE178942 | GEO | 2021/06/26
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:SARS-CoV-2 infected and uninfected VeroE6 and A549-ACE2: Bemcentinib and liposome treatments
| PRJNA741531 | ENA
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2022-12-01 | E-MTAB-11973 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Genetic differences are a primary reason for differences in the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19. As induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells maintain the genetic information of the donor, they can be used to model individual differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. We found that human iPS cells expressing the SARS-CoV-2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) (ACE2-iPS cells) can be infected w SARS-CoV-2. In infected ACE2-iPS cells, the expression of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein, budding of viral particles, and production of progeny virus, double membrane spherules, and double-membrane vesicles were confirmed. We performed SARS-CoV-2 infection experiments on ACE2-iPS/ embryonic stem (ES) cells from eight individuals. Male iPS/ES cells were more capable of producing the virus compared with female iPS/ES cells. These findings suggest that ACE2-iPS cells can not only reproduce individual differences in SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro but also are a useful resource to clarify the causes of individual differences in COVID-19 due to genetic differences.
2021-04-18 | GSE166990 | GEO
Project description:SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, employs two key host proteins to gain entry and replicate within cells, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the cell surface transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2). TMPRSS2 was first characterized as an androgen-regulated gene in the prostate. Supporting a role for sex hormones, males relative to females are disproportionately affected by COVID-19 in terms of mortality and morbidity. Several studies, including one employing a large epidemiological cohort, suggested that blocking androgen signaling is protective against COVID-19. Here, we demonstrate that androgens regulate the expression of ACE2, TMPRSS2, and androgen receptor (AR) in subsets of lung epithelial cells. AR levels are markedly elevated in males relative to females greater than 70 years of age. In males greater than 70 years old, smoking was associated with elevated levels of AR and ACE2 in lung epithelial cells. Transcriptional repression of the AR enhancesome with AR or bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) antagonists inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Taken together, these studies support further investigation of transcriptional inhibition of critical host factors in the treatment or prevention of COVID-19. These mouse data are part of a larger investigation (data not provided here) targeting the transcriptional regulation of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors ACE2 and TMPRSS2.
2020-11-30 | GSE159576 | GEO
Project description:Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Alongside investigations into the virology of SARS-CoV-2, understanding the host–virus dependencies are vital for the identification and rational design of effective antiviral therapy. Here, we report the dominant SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor, ACE2, conjugates with small ubiquitin-like modifier 3 (SUMO3) through a proteome-wide protein interaction analysis. We further demonstrate that E3 SUMO ligase PIAS4 prompts the SUMOylation and stabilization of ACE2, whereas deSUMOylation enzyme SENP3 reverses this process. Conjugation of SUMO3 with ACE2 at lysine (K) 187 hampers the K48-linked ubiquitination of ACE2, thus suppressing its subsequent cargo receptor TOLLIP-dependent autophagic degradation. Pharmacological intervention of ACE2 SUMOylation blocks the entry of SARS-CoV-2 and viral infection-triggered immune responses. Collectively, our findings suggest selective autophagic degradation of ACE2 orchestrated by SUMOylation and ubiquitination can be targeted to future antiviral therapy of SARS-CoV-2.
2022-07-18 | GSE171130 | GEO
Project description:Many events in viral infection are regulated through post-translational modification. In the case of positive-sense RNA viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 which encodes two viral proteases, proteolytic cleavage of both viral and cellular proteins is crucial for productive viral infection. In this work we study proteolysis in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection of ACE2-A549 and Vero E6 cells, infected at a multiplicity of infection of 1, with samples harvested at 0,6,12 and 24h post-infection. Neo-N-termini and lysine residues were labelled at the protein level with TMTpro reagents prior to tryptic digestion. For unenriched samples, the trypsin-digested material was then fractionated offline, and analysed by LC-MS/MS for the study of total protein abundance over the infection timecourse. For enriched samples, unblocked neo-N-termini generated by tryptic digested were labelled with undecanal and depleted, yielding a sample enriched for blocked neo-N-termini (TMTpro, N-terminal acetylation, and pyroGlu). The enriched samples were similarly fractionated offline and analysed by LC-MS/MS. Please note this is one of several linked datasets. This dataset contains data from ACE2-A549 cells infected with SARS-CoV-2, prior to enrichment.
2021-07-29 | PXD021145 | Pride
Project description:Many events in viral infection are regulated through post-translational modification. In the case of positive-sense RNA viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 which encodes two viral proteases, proteolytic cleavage of both viral and cellular proteins is crucial for productive viral infection. In this work we study proteolysis in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection of ACE2-A549 and Vero E6 cells, infected at a multiplicity of infection of 1, with samples harvested at 0,6,12 and 24h post-infection. Neo-N-termini and lysine residues were labelled at the protein level with TMTpro reagents prior to tryptic digestion. For unenriched samples, the trypsin-digested material was then fractionated offline, and analysed by LC-MS/MS for the study of total protein abundance over the infection timecourse. For enriched samples, unblocked neo-N-termini generated by tryptic digested were labelled with undecanal and depleted, yielding a sample enriched for blocked neo-N-termini (TMTpro, N-terminal acetylation, and pyroGlu). The enriched samples were similarly fractionated offline and analysed by LC-MS/MS. Please note this is one of several linked datasets. This dataset contains data from ACE2-A549 cells infected with SARS-CoV-2, enriched for neo-N-termini.
2021-07-29 | PXD021152 | Pride
Project description:In vitro, ACE2 translocates to the nucleus to induce SARS-CoV-2 replication. Here, using digital spatial profiling of lung tissues from SARS-CoV-2-infected golden Syrian hamsters, we show that a specific and selective peptide inhibitor of nuclear ACE2 (NACE2i) inhibits viral replication two days after SARS-CoV-2 infection. NACE2i also prevents inflammation and macrophage infiltration, and increases NK cell infiltration in bronchioles. NACE2i treatment restores host translation in infected hamster bronchiolar cells.
2023-06-01 | GSE233642 | GEO
Project description:Background: The first step in SARS-CoV-2 infection is binding of the virus to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on the airway epithelium. Asthma affects over 300 million people world-wide, many of whom may encounter SARS-CoV-2. Epidemiologic data suggests that asthmatics who get infected may be at increased risk of more severe disease. Our objective was to assess whether maintenance inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), a major treatment for asthma, is associated with airway ACE2 expression in asthmatics. Methods: Large airway epithelium (LAE) of asthmatics treated with maintenance ICS (ICS+), asthmatics not treated with ICS (ICS-), and healthy controls (controls) was analyzed for expression of ACE2 and other coronavirus infection-related genes using microarrays. Results: AsResults: As a group, there was no difference in LAE ACE2 expression in all asthmatics vs controls. In contrast, subgroup analysis demonstrated that LAE ACE2 expression was higher in asthmatics ICS+ compared to ICS‾ and ACE2 expression was higher in male ICS+ compared to female ICS+ and ICS‾ of either sex. ACE2 expression did not correlate with serum IgE, absolute eosinophil level, or change in FEV1 in response to bronchodilators in either ICS- or ICS+. Conclusion: Airway ACE2 expression is increased in asthmatics on long-term treatment with ICS, an observation that should be taken into consideration when assessing the use of inhaled corticosteroids during the pandemic. a group, there was no difference in LAE ACE2 expression in all asthmatics vs controls. In contrast, subgroup analysis demonstrated that LAE ACE2 expression was higher in asthmatics ICS+ compared to ICS‾ and ACE2 expression was higher in male ICS+ compared to female ICS+ and ICS‾ of either sex. ACE2 expression did not correlate with serum IgE, absolute eosinophil level, or change in FEV1 in response to bronchodilators in either ICS- or ICS+. Conclusion: Airway ACE2 expression is increased in asthmatics on long-term treatment with ICS, an observation that should be taken into consideration when assessing the use of inhaled corticosteroids during the pandemic.
2021-07-15 | GSE179156 | GEO
Project description:Continued emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern that are capable of escaping vaccine-induced immunity pose the urgency for developing new COVID-19 therapeutics. An essential mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 infection begins with the viral spike protein binding to the human ACE2. Consequently, inhibiting this interaction is a highly promising therapeutic strategy against COVID-19. Herein, we demonstrate that ACE2-expressing human lung spheroid cells (LSC)-derived exosomes (LSC-Exo) could function as a prophylactic agent to bind and neutralize SARS-CoV-2 and protect the host against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Inhalation of LSC-Exo facilitates their deposition and biodistribution throughout the whole lung in a female mouse model. We show that LSC-Exo blocks the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with host cells in vitro and in vivo by neutralizing the virus. LSC-Exo treatment protected hamsters from SARS-CoV-2-induced disease and reduced viral loads. Furthermore, LSC-Exo intercept the entry of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variant pseudoviruses in female mice and show comparable or equal potency against the wild-type strain, demonstrating that LSC-Exo may act as broad-spectrum protectant against existing and emerging virus variants.
2024-01-13 | GSE249987 | GEO