Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

0 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Transcription factor-dependent differences in cluster composition and transition states of oligodendrocyte differentiation from human stem cells

ABSTRACT: Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are critical for myelination and are implicated in several brain disorders. Directed differentiation of human induced OLs (iOLs) from pluripotent stem cells can be achieved by forced expression of different combinations of the transcription factors SOX10 (S), OLIG2 (O) and NKX6.2 (N). Here, we applied quantitative image analysis and single-cell transcriptomics to compare different transcription factor combinations for their efficacy towards robust OL lineage conversion. Compared with S alone, the combination of SON significantly increases the number of myelin basic protein-positive iOLs and generates iOLs with a more complex morphology and higher expression levels of myelin-marker genes . The analysis of RNA velocity of individual cells reveals that S generates a population of volatile oligodendrocyte-precursor cells (OPCs) that appear to be more immature than those generated by SON and to display distinct molecular properties. Our analysis suggests that protocols for generating iOPCs or iOLs should be chosen depending on the intended application.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE179516 | GEO | 2022/01/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Similar Datasets

Rapid differentiation of hiPSCs into functional oligodendrocytes using an OLIG2 synthetic modified messenger RNARapid differentiation of hiPSCs into functional oligodendrocytes using an OLIG2 synthetic modified messenger RNA

Project description:We show that a synthetic modified messenger RNA (smRNA)-based reprogramming method that leads to the generation of transgene-free OLs has been developed. An smRNA encoding a modified form of OLIG2, a key TF in OL development, in which the serine 147 phosphorylation site is replaced with alanine, OLIG2S147A, is designed to reprogram hiPSCs into OLs. We demonstrate that repeated administration of the smRNA encoding OLIG2 S147A lead to higher and more stable protein expression. Using the single-mutant OLIG2 smRNA morphogen, we establish a 6-day smRNA transfection protocol, and glial induction lead to rapid NG2+ OL progenitor cell (OPC) generation (> 70% purity) from hiPSC-derived neural progenitor cells (NPCs). The smRNA-induced NG2+ OPCs can mature into functional OLs in vitro and promote remyelination in vivo. Proteomic analysis of OLIG2-binding proteins indicates that OLIG2 is bound by the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) complex. The HSP70 complex is bound more strongly to OLIG2 with the modified phosphorylation site than to wild-type OLIG2.

2023-03-10 | PXD036975 | Pride

Identification of genome-wide targets of Olig2 in the adult mouse spinal cord using ChIP-Seq

Project description:Olig2 is a crucial factor in the specification and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells that give rise to mature, myelin-producing OLs in the developing and postnatal CNS; however, its role in adulthood is less well understood. To investigate the role Olig2 plays in regulating gene expression in the adult oligodendrocyte lineage in a physiologically-relevant context, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by next generation sequencing analysis using whole spinal cord tissue harvested from adult mice. We found that many of the Olig2-bound sites were associated with genes with biological processes corresponding to myelination and ensheathment, as well as cell cycle and cytoskeletal regulation, suggesting Olig2 continues to play a critical role in processes related to OL differentiation and myelination well into adulthood.

2017-10-20 | GSE103324 | GEO

Olig2 ablation in immature oligodendrocytes does not enhance CNS myelination and remyelination

Project description:The oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage gene Olig2 persistently expresses throughout oligodendroglial development and required for oligodendroglial specification and differentiation. Here, Together, by leveraging multiple immature OL-expressing Cre lines at different stages, we demonstrate that Olig2 is required for differentiation and myelination of immature OL and myelin repair and raise fundamental questions about the previously proposed role for Olig2 in opposing OL myelination, while highlighting the importance of using Cre-dependent reporter for lineage tracing in studying cell fate transition.

2022-11-23 | GSE194258 | GEO

Project description:Myelin destruction and oligodendrocyte (OL) death consequent to metabolic stress is a feature of CNS disorders across the age spectrum. Using cells derived from surgically resected tissue, we demonstrate that young (<age 5) pediatric-aged sample OLs are more resistant to in-vitro metabolic injury than fetal O4+ progenitor cells, but more susceptible to cell death and apoptosis than adult-derived OLs. Pediatric but not adult OLs show measurable levels of TUNEL+ cells, a feature of the fetal cell response. The ratio of anti- versus pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family genes are increased in adult versus pediatric (<age 5) mature OLs and in more mature OL lineage cells. Lysosomal gene expression was increased in adult and pediatric compared to fetal OL lineage cells. Cell death of OLs was increased by inhibiting pro-apoptotic BCL-2 gene and autophagy activity. These distinct age-related injury responses should be considered in designing therapies aimed at reducing myelin injury.

2020-12-31 | GSE160811 | GEO

2020-12-31 | GSE160810 | GEO

Gsta4 restricts apoptosis in differentiating adult oligodendrocytes via Fas/Casp8/Bid-axis during homeostasis and remyelination

Project description:Arrest of oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation and remyelination following myelin damage in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) are associated with disease progression but the underlying mechanism are elusive. We show that Glutathione S-transferase 4α (Gsta4) is highly expressed during adult OL differentiation and that its loss prevents differentiation into myelinating OLs. Also, Gsta4 appeared to be a novel target for Clemastine, in clinical trial for MS. Over-expression of Gsta4 reduced the expression of Fas and activity along the mitochondria-associated Casp8/Bid-axis in adult pre-OLs from the corpus callosum, together promoting enhanced pre-OL survival during differentiation. The Gsta4-mediated input on apoptosis during adult OL differentiation was further verified in the LPC and EAE model, where Casp8 were reduced in pre-OLs with high Gsta4 expression in an immune response-independent fashion. Our results place Gsta4 as a key regulator of intrinsic mechanisms beneficial for OL differentiation and remyelination, and as a possible target for future MS therapies.

2020-07-23 | GSE154922 | GEO

Transient regulation of focal adhesion via Tensin3 is required for nascent oligodendrocyte differentiation [RNA-seq]

Project description:The differentiation of oligodendroglia from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) to complex and extensive myelinating oligodendrocytes (OLs) is a multistep process that involves largescale morphological changes with significant strain on the cytoskeleton. While key chromatin and transcriptional regulators of differentiation have been identified, their target genes responsible for the morphological changes occurring during OL myelination are still largely unknown. Here, we show that the regulator of focal adhesion, Tensin3 (Tns3), is a direct target gene of Olig2, Chd7, and Chd8, transcriptional regulators of OL differentiation. Tns3 is transiently upregulated and localized to cell processes of immature OLs, together with integrin-b1, a key mediator of survival at this transient stage. Constitutive Tns3 loss-of-function leads to reduced viability in mouse and humans, with surviving knockout mice still expressing Tns3 in oligodendroglia. Acute deletion of Tns3 in vivo, either in postnatal neural stem cells (NSCs) or in OPCs, leads to a two-fold reduction in OL numbers. We find that the transient upregulation of Tns3 is required to protect differentiating OPCs and immature OLs from cell death by preventing the upregulation of p53, a key regulator of apoptosis. Altogether, our findings reveal a specific time window during which transcriptional upregulation of Tns3 in immature OLs is required for OL differentiation likely by mediating integrin-b1 survival signaling to the actin cytoskeleton as OL undergo the large morphological changes required for their terminal differentiation.

2022-09-01 | GSE203294 | GEO

Transient regulation of focal adhesion via Tensin3 is required for nascent oligodendrocyte differentiation [ChIP-seq]

2022-09-01 | GSE203293 | GEO

RNA-sequencing of mouse knockout models for Cnp, Plp1, and Ugt8 in the frontal cortex and cerebellum

Project description:Oligodendrocytes (OLs) and myelin are critical for normal brain function and they have been implicated in neurodegeneration. Human neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that alterations in axons and myelin occur early in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) course. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the role of OLs in AD remains largely unknown. In this study, we systematically interrogated OL-enriched gene networks constructed from large-scale genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data in human AD postmortem brain samples. These robust OL networks were highly enriched for genes associated with AD risk variants, including BIN1. We corroborated the structure of the AD OL coexpression and gene-gene interaction networks through ablation of genes identified as key drivers of the networks, including UGT8, CNP, MYRF, PLP1, NPC1, and NDGR1. Perturbations of these key drivers not only caused dysregulation in their associated network neighborhoods, but also mimicked pathways of gene expression dysregulation seen in human AD postmortem brain samples. In particular, the OL subnetwork controlled by the AD risk gene PSEN1 was strongly dysregulated in AD, suggesting a potential role of PSEN1 in disrupting the myelination pathway towards the onset of AD. In summary, this study built and systematically validated the first comprehensive molecular blueprint of OL dysregulation in AD, and identified key OL- and myelination-related genes and networks as potential candidate targets for the future development of AD therapies.

2018-02-23 | GSE80437 | GEO

scRNAseq of co-culture of primary human oligodendrocytes and IL-23 polarized human CD4 T cells in direct contact (contact) versus separated by a porous membrane (insert, no contact)

Project description:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by the loss of myelin and of myelin-producing oligodendrocytes (OLs) in the central nervous system (CNS). Pro-inflammatory CD4+ Th17 cells are considered pathogenic in MS and are harmful to OLs. We investigated the mechanisms driving human CD4+ T cell-mediated OL cell death. Using single cell RNA sequencing, we assessed the transcriptomic profile of primary human OLs and Th17 cells in direct contact or separated by an insert. We showed that upon close interaction, OLs upregulate the expression of mRNA coding for chemokines and antioxidant/anti-apoptotic molecules, while Th17 cells upregulate the expression of mRNA coding for chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17A, IFN-γ and granzyme B. We found that secretion of CCL3, CXCL10, IFN-γ, TNFα and granzyme B is induced upon direct contact in co-cultures of human Th17 cells with human OLs. In addition, we validated by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence that granzyme B levels are upregulated in Th17 compared to Th2 cells, and are even higher in Th17 cells upon direct contact with OLs or MO3.13 cells compared to Th17 cells separated from OLs by an insert.

2022-02-28 | GSE196953 | GEO

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data