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Quantitative sequencing using BID-seq uncovers abundant pseudouridines in mammalian mRNA at base resolution

ABSTRACT: Functional characterization of pseudouridine (Ψ) in mammalian messenger RNA (mRNA) has been hampered by the lack of a quantitative method that maps pseudouridine in the whole transcriptome. We report bisulfite-induced deletion sequencing (BID-seq) that utilizes a bisulfite-mediated reaction to stoichiometrically convert pseudouridine into deletion upon reverse transcription. BID-seq enabled detection of abundant pseudouridine sites with stoichiometry information in several human cell lines and 12 different mouse tissues using 10-20 ng input RNA. We uncovered consensus sequences for pseudouridine in mammalian mRNA and assigned different ‘writer’ proteins to individual pseudouridine deposition. Our results reveal a transcript stabilization role of Ψ sites installed by TRUB1 in human cancer cells. We also detected presence of Ψ within stop codons of mammalian mRNA, and confirmed the role of Ψ in promoting stop codon read-through in vivo. This new method for sensitive and comprehensive detection of Ψ sets the stage for future investigations of the roles of Ψ in diverse biological processes.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE179798 | GEO | 2022/09/05

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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BID-seq for transcriptome-wide quantitative sequencing of mRNA pseudouridine at base resolution

Project description:Pseudouridine (Ψ) is an abundant RNA modification that is present in and impacts the functions of diverse non-coding RNA species, including rRNA, tRNA, snRNA, etc. Pseudouridine also exists in mammalian mRNA and likely exhibits functional roles; however, functional investigations of pseudouridine in mammalian mRNA have been hampered by the lack of a quantitative method that detects Ψ at base precision. We have recently developed Bisulfite-Induced Deletion sequencing (BID-seq), which provides the community with a quantitative method to map RNA Ψ distribution transcriptome-wide at single-base resolution. Here, we describe an optimized BID-seq protocol to generate highly reproducible results, displaying nearly zero background deletions at unmodified uridines after bisulfite treatment and uncovering 8,407 Ψ sites starting from as little as 10 ng mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) polyA+ RNA, with the steps that are fast in both library preparation and data analysis. This optimized BID-seq workflow takes 5 days to complete and includes four main sections: RNA preparation, library construction, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and data analysis. The library construction can be completed by researchers who have basic knowledge and skills in molecular biology and genetics. In addition to the experimental protocol, we provide BID-pipe (https://github.com/y9c/pseudoU-BIDseq), a user-friendly data analysis pipeline for BID-seq, requiring only basic bioinformatic and computational skills to uncover Ψ signatures from NGS data.

2023-08-07 | GSE238245 | GEO

Quantitative profiling of pseudouridylation landscape in the human transcriptome

Project description:Pseudouridine (Ψ) is an abundant post-transcriptional RNA modification in ncRNA and mRNA. However, transcriptome-wide measurement of individual Ψ sites remains unaddressed. Here, we develop “PRAISE”, via selective chemical labeling of Ψ by bisulfite to induce nucleotide deletion signature during reverse transcription, to realize quantitative assessment of the Ψ landscape in the human transcriptome. Unlike traditional RNA/DNA bisulfite treatment, our approach is based on quaternary base mapping and identifies 2,209 confident Ψ sites in HEK293T cells. By perturbing pseudouridine synthases, we obtained differential mRNA targets of PUS1, PUS7, TRUB1 and DKC1. In addition, we identified known and novel Ψ sites in mitochondrial mRNA, which are catalyzed by a mitochondria-localized isoform of PUS1. Collectively, we provide a reliable, sensitive and convenient method to quantify transcriptome-wide Ψ; we envision this approach would facilitate emerging efforts to elucidate the function and mechanism of mRNA pseudouridylation.

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Mapping of pseudouridine residues on cellular and viral transcripts using a novel antibody-based technique

Project description:Pseudouridine (ψ) is the most common non-canonical ribonucleoside present on mammalian non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), where is contributes ~10% of the total uridine level. However, ψ constitutes only ~0.3% of the uridines present on mRNAs and its effect on mRNA function remains unclear. Ψ residues have however been shown to inhibit the detection of exogenous RNA transcripts by host innate immune factors, thus raising the possibility that viruses might have subverted the addition of ψ residues to mRNAs by host pseudouridine synthase (PUS) enzymes as a way to inhibit antiviral responses in infected cells. Here, we describe and validate a novel antibody-based ψ mapping technique called photo-crosslinking assisted ψ sequencing (PA-ψ-seq) and then use it to map ψ residues on not only multiple cellular RNAs but also the mRNAs and genomic RNA encoded by HIV-1. We also describe several 293T-derived cell lines in which human PUS enzymes previously reported to add ψ residues to mRNAs, specifically PUS1, PUS7 and TRUB1/PUS4, were individually inactivated by gene editing. Surprisingly, while this allowed us to assign several sites of ψ addition on cellular mRNAs to each of these three PUS enzymes, the ψ sites present on HIV-1 transcripts remained unaffected. However, loss of PUS1 function did significantly reduce HIV-1 gene expression by a presumably indirect mechanism.

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Project description:The abundant RNA modification pseudouridine (Ψ) has been mapped transcriptome-wide by chemically modifying pseudouridines with carbodiimide and detecting the resulting reverse transcription stops in high-throughput sequencing. However, these methods have limited sensitivity and specificity, in part due to the use of reverse transcription stops. We sought to use mutations rather than just stops in sequencing data to identify pseudouridine sites. Here, we identify reverse transcription conditions that allow read-through of carbodiimide-modified pseudouridine (CMC-Ψ), and we show that pseudouridines in carbodiimide-treated human ribosomal RNA have context-dependent mutation and stop rates in high-throughput sequencing libraries prepared under these conditions. Furthermore, accounting for the context-dependence of mutation and stop rates can enhance the detection of pseudouridine sites. Similar approaches could contribute to the sequencing-based detection of many RNA modifications.

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Predominant TRUB1-dependent pseudouridylation of mammalian mRNA via a predictable and conserved code

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2016-12-15 | GSE90851 | GEO

Chemical Pull-Down Reveals Comprehensive and Dynamic Pseudouridylation in Mammalian Transcriptome

2015-06-05 | GSE63655 | GEO

Chemical Pull-Down Reveals Comprehensive and Dynamic Pseudouridylation in Mammalian Transcriptome

Project description:Pseudouridine (Ψ) is the most abundant RNA modification, yet little is known about its content, dynamics and function in mRNA and ncRNA. Here, we perform quantitative MS analysis and develop CAP-seq for transcriptome-wide Ψ profiling. The unexpected high Ψ content (Ψ/U ratio: ~ 0.2% to 0.6%) indicates that pseudouridylation in mammalian mRNA is much more prevalent and comprehensive than previously believed. In concordance, CAP-seq identified 2,084 Ψ sites within 1,929 human transcripts. We prove four previously unknown Ψ sites in rRNA and EEF1A1 mRNA. Genetic and biochemical analysis uncover PUS1 as a major human mRNA Ψ synthase. In response to stimuli, Ψ level and sites are dynamically modulated in stimulus-specific manners. Comparisons between human and mouse pseudouridylation reveal conserved and unique sites across tissue and species. We observe stop codon pseudouridylation and readthrough events simultaneously for HSPB1 mRNA, indicating a role in nonsense suppression. Together, these approaches allow in-depth analysis of transcriptome-wide pseudouridylation events and our comprehensive study provides a resource for functional studies of Ψ-mediated epigenetic regulation. Here we report a transcriptome-wide profiling method that utilizes a chemically synthesized N3-CMC, which pre-enriches the Ψ-containing RNAs and blocks the reverse transcription.Mapping the Ψ sites in human transcriptome was performed using HEK293T and PUS1 dependent Ψ sites were identified by comparing PUS1 knock out cells with wildtype cells. Stress inducible or suppressed Ψ sites were identified by comparing stress treated cells with untreated cells. And mouse brain and liver were used to map Ψ sites in mouse transcriptome.

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2021-11-18 | GSE180655 | GEO

Interferon inducible pseudouridine modification in human mRNA by quantitative nanopore profiling (Nanopore)

2021-11-18 | GSE180654 | GEO

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