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Glycolytic preconditioning in astrocytes mitigates trauma-induced neurodegeneration

ABSTRACT: Reducing mitochondrial electron transport induces a Warburg-like shift to accommodate for the energetic burden caused by brain trauma without overwhelming mitochondrial cellular respiration and cellular redox to salvage dopaminergic neurons. This metabolic shift is evident in the transcriptional upregulation of key genes in the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex and glycolytic pathway.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE179905 | GEO | 2021/08/26

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Glycolytic preconditioning in astrocytes mitigates trauma-induced neurodegeneration

Project description:Reducing mitochondrial electron transport induces a Warburg-like shift to accommodate for the energetic burden caused by brain trauma and salvage dopaminergic neurons. This metabolic shift is evident in the transcriptional upregulation of key genes in the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex and glycolytic pathway.

2021-08-26 | GSE173431 | GEO

Glycolytic preconditioning in astrocytes mitigates trauma-induced neurodegeneration.

Project description: Not available

| S-EPMC8448530 | biostudies-literature

Glycolytic preconditioning in astrocytes mitigates trauma-induced neurodegeneration

Project description:Glycolytic preconditioning in astrocytes mitigates trauma-induced neurodegeneration

| PRJNA745569 | ENA

Glycolytic preconditioning in astrocytes mitigates trauma-induced neurodegeneration

Project description:Glycolytic preconditioning in astrocytes mitigates trauma-induced neurodegeneration

| PRJNA725513 | ENA

Collateral DNA damage and NAD+ dependence caused by reactive oxygen species signaling in inflammatory macrophages

Project description:Adoption of Warburg metabolism is critical for macrophage activation in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Macrophages stimulated with LPS (without or with interferon-γ) increase expression of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), a key enzyme in NAD+ salvage, and loss of NAMPT activity alters their inflammatory potential. However, events leading to NAD+ salvage-dependence in these cells remain poorly defined. We show that NAD+ depletion and increased NAMPT expression occur rapidly after inflammatory activation and coincide with DNA damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are produced by Complex III of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and are required for macrophage activation. We show that DNA damage is associated with PARP activation, which results in NAD+ consumption and in this setting increased NAMPT expression allows the maintenance of NAD+ pools sufficient for GAPDH activity and Warburg metabolism. Our findings provide an integrated explanation for dependency on the NAD+ salvage pathway in inflammatory macrophages.

2019-03-06 | GSE123596 | GEO

Different pathogenic stimuli induce specific metabolic rewiring in human monocytes

Project description:Recent studies have demonstrated that upon encountering a pathogenic stimulus, robust metabolic rewiring of immune cells occurs. A switch away from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, even in the presence of sufficient amounts of oxygen (akin the Warburg effect), is typically observed in activated innate and adaptive immune cells and is thought to accommodate adequate inflammatory responses. However, whether the Warburg effect is a general phenomenon applicable in human monocytes exposed to different pathogenic stimuli is unknown. Our results using human monocytes from healthy donors demonstrate that the Warburg effect only holds true for TLR4 activated cells. Although activation of other TLRs leads to an increase in glycolysis, no reduction or even an enhancement in oxidative phosphorylation is observed. Moreover, specific metabolic rewiring occurs in TLR4 vs. TLR2 stimulated cells characterized by altered gene expression profiles of pathways related to metabolism, changes in spare respiratory capacity of the cells and differential regulation of mitochondrial enzyme activity. Similarly, results from ex vivo and in vivo studies demonstrate metabolic rewiring of immune cells that is highly dependent on the type of pathogenic stimulus. Although the Warburg effect is observed in human monocytes after TLR4 activation, we propose that this typical metabolic response is not applicable to other inflammatory signalling routes including TLR2 in human monocytes. Instead, each pathogenic stimulus and subsequently activated inflammatory signalling cascade induces specific metabolic rewiring of the immune cell to accommodate an appropriate response.

2016-10-19 | GSE78699 | GEO

Mitochondrial DNA Alterations Underlie an Irreversible Shift to Aerobic Glycolysis in Fumarate Hydratase-deficient Renal Cancer

Project description:Understanding the mechanisms of the Warburg shift to aerobic glycolysis is central to defining the metabolic basis of cancer. Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) is an aggressive cancer characterized by bi-allelic inactivation of the gene encoding the Krebs cycle enzyme fumarate hydratase, an early shift to aerobic glycolysis, and rapid metastasis. We observed of the mitochondrial in tumors from HLRCC patients. Biochemical and transcriptomics analyses revealed that respiratory chain dysfunction in the tumors was due to loss of expression of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded subunits of respiratory chain complexes, caused by a marked decrease in mtDNA content and increased mtDNA mutations. We demonstrated that accumulation of fumarate in HLRCC tumors inactivated the core factors responsible for replication and proofreading of mtDNA, leading to loss of expression of respiratory chain components, thereby promoting the shift to aerobic glycolysis and disease progression in this prototypic model of glucose-dependent human cancer.

2021-01-22 | GSE157256 | GEO

SIRT3 opposes metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells through HIF1a destabilization

Project description:Tumor cells exhibit aberrant metabolism characterized by high glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen. This metabolic reprogramming, known as the Warburg effect, provides tumor cells with the substrates and redox potential required for the generation of biomass. Here, we show that the mitochondrial NAD-dependent deacetylase SIRT3 is a crucial regulator of the Warburg effect. SIRT3 loss promotes a metabolic profile consistent with high glycolysis required for anabolic processes in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, SIRT3 mediates metabolic reprogramming independently of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and through HIF1a, a transcription factor that controls expression of key glycolytic enzymes. SIRT3 loss increases reactive oxygen species production, resulting in enhanced HIF1a stabilization. Strikingly, SIRT3 is deleted in 40% of human breast cancers, and its loss correlates with the upregulation of HIF1a target genes. Finally, we find that SIRT3 overexpression directly represses the Warburg effect in breast cancer cells. In sum, we identify SIRT3 as a regulator of HIF1a and a suppressor of the Warburg effect. RNA isolated from brown adipose tissue of SIRT3 WT and KO mice. 5 wild-type samples and 5 SIRT3 KO samples

2011-03-15 | E-GEOD-27309 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Modulation of cell metabolic pathways and oxidative stress signaling contribute to acquired melphalan resistance in multiple myeloma cells

Project description:Multiple myeloma RPMI8226 cells adapted to growth in melphalan display a shift towards Warburg metabolism and modulated oxidative stress signaling Inhibitors targeting specific enzymes in these pathways are selectively toxic to the melphalan-resistant cells.

2014-09-03 | GSE60970 | GEO

Anti-Warburg effect elicited by mitochondrial biogenesis drives differentiation of glioblastoma cells into astroglial cells

Project description:Glioblastoma (GBM) is among the most aggressive of human cancers. Although differentiation therapy has been proposed to be potential approach to treat GBM, the mechanisms of induced differentiation remain poorly defined. Here, we established the induced differentiation model of GBM by using cAMP activators, which specifically directed GBM into astroglia. Next, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses uncovered oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial biogenesis were involved in induced differentiation of GBM. Further investigation showed dbcAMP reversed Warburg effect evidenced by increase of oxygen consumption and reduction of lactate production. Stimulated mitochondrial biogenesis downstream of CREB/PGC1α pathway triggered metabolic shift and differentiation. Blocking mitochondrial biogenesis by mdivi1 or silencing PGC1α abrogated differentiation, reversely over-expression of PGC1α elicited differentiation. In GBM xenograft models and patient-derived GBM samples, cAMP activators also induced tumor growth inhibition and differentiation. This study shows mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolic switch to oxidative phosphorylation drive the differentiation process of tumor cells.

2017-11-10 | GSE89745 | GEO

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