MTHFD2 inhibition dramatically alters histone methylation landscape in Th17 cells
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE180356 | GEO | 2021/11/12
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Lung cancer is leading cause of cancer-related death in the world, because of high recurrence rate and acquired resistance to targeting drugs such as gefitinib. Here we uncover a critical MTHFD2 enzyme-mediated purine synthesis pathway in mitochondria in poor prognostic lung cancer. Expression of MTHFD2 was induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation. It was overexpressed in gefitinib-resistant cancer cells and high-grade tumor tissues. Knockdown of MTHFD2 significantly decreased not only in vitro and in vivo cell growth but also tumor sphere formation and tumor initiating activity, properties of cancer stem-like cells. Integrated analysis of metabolome and transcriptome of MTHFD2 knocked-down cells revealed significant accumulation of the nucleotide intermediates before MTHFD2-mediated one carbon transfer and marked deficiency of purine nucleotides required for cell growth. Thus we provide evidence that MTHFD2 pathway is critical for growth of both cancer cells and cancer stem-like cells as an Achilles heel to eradicate tumors in poor prognostic lung cancer.
2019-07-02 | GSE84007 | GEO
Project description:MTHFD2 inhibition dramatically alters histone methylation landscape in Th17 cells
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Project description:We performed transcriptome analysis of Human Aortic Endothelial Cells after siRNA mediated knockdown of MTHFD2. We identified MTHFD2 as a key driver for a gene cluster which integrates mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism, serine synthesizing enzymes as well as common amino acid and ER stress response genes.
2018-06-19 | GSE100261 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: Identify new targets in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods: MOLM-14 cells were transduced with lentivirus encoding shRNAs targeting MTHFD2 (shMTHFD2 hairpin TRCN0000036553, denoted M5) and control (LacZ, shControl TRCN0000072231). RNA from 6 samples, biological duplicates (LacZ1, LacZ2; M5-1, M5-2) and a technical replicate (LacZ3, M5-3) were sequenced as 50+50 bp paired-end reads using Illumina TruSeq strand specific library. The pool of six samples was sequenced on two lanes of an Illumina HiSeq, generating 101bp paired end reads. The software package RSEM (Li et al., 2001) was run using Bowtie (version 1.0.0) to align the reads that passed quality filters to the hg19 GENCODE version 17 (http://www.gencodegenes.org/releases/17.html) transcriptome and to quantify transcript abundance at isoform and gene level. Results: MTHFD2 suppression induces AML differentiation. There was upregulation of well-validated myeloid differentiation genes and gene sets consistent with myeloid maturation. Conclusion: Our study supports the therapeutic targeting of MTHFD2 in AML.
2016-06-06 | GSE81062 | GEO
Project description:Folate, an essential vitamin, is a one-carbon acceptor and donor in key metabolic reactions. Erythroid cells harbor a unique sensitivity to folate deprivation, as revealed by the primary pathological manifestation of nutritional folate deprivation: megaloblastic anemia. To study this metabolic sensitivity, we applied mild folate depletion to human and mouse erythroid cell lines, and primary murine erythroid progenitors. We show that folate depletion induces early blockade of purine synthesis and accumulation of the purine synthesis intermediate and signaling molecule, AICAR, followed by enhanced heme metabolism, hemoglobin synthesis, and erythroid differentiation. This is phenocopied by inhibition of folate metabolism using the SHMT1/2 inhibitor - SHIN1, and by AICAR supplementation. Mechanistically, the metabolically-driven differentiation is independent of nucleotide sensing through mTORC1 and AMPK, and is instead mediated by protein kinase C (PKC). Our findings suggest that folate deprivation-induced premature differentiation of erythroid progenitor cells is a molecular etiology to folate-deficiency induced anemia.
2024-02-07 | GSE245011 | GEO
Project description:Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) has been implicated in the etiology of various human malignant tumors, although its exact role in bladder cancer (BC) remains to be explored. The present study determined the upregulation of MTHFD2 in BC tissues using expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), a commercial BC tissue microarray (TMA) and patients’ tissues collected by surgery. MTHFD2 expression in patients with BC was frequently associated with worse prognosis, tumor immune cell infiltration and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Next, using small interfering RNA, the expression of MTHFD2 in BC cell lines was knocked down, and the results revealed that the tumor cell proliferation and colony-formation abilities were greatly reduced, as well as the expression of PD-L1. In a xenograft nude mouse model, these findings were confirmed. Simultaneously, it was found that abnormal expression of MTHFD2 was closely associated with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in both RNA-sequencing and TCGA datasets. This observation was verified in vitro by detecting the protein expression of PI3K and AKT. The activation of PI3K and AKT was enhanced after stimulation with 740Y-P, a PI3K activator, and their cellular activities and PD-L1 expression levels were restored. Finally, it was found that the MTHFD2 levels were positively correlated with chemosensitivity to traditional BC chemotherapeutic agents and various PI3K-AKT-targeted drugs by analyzing the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database. Overall, the present findings revealed that elevation of MTHFD2 was associated with PD-L1 activation in BC via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, suggesting that it could be a promising marker of chemotherapy and immunotherapy for BC.
2022-11-17 | GSE217785 | GEO
Project description:Metabolomics of pancreatic cancer cell are modified by metabolic enzyme MTHFD2. SW1990 cells were transfected with MTHFD2 siRNA and control siRNA. Cells were collected for metabolomics analysis.
2021-02-18 | PXD024228 | iProX
Project description:Alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cells are an adult lung stem cell. Oxidative stress, mitogens, and cytokines affect their proliferation through poorly understood mechanisms. We previously showed in mice how neonatal hyperoxia between postnatal days (PND) 0-4 accelerates AT2 proliferation that normally takes place on PND7. Here, RNA-seq analysis of revealed neonatal hyperoxia stimulates expression of the mitochondrial-specific methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (Mthfd) 2 and other genes involved in serine synthesis and one carbon-coupled folate metabolism. While MTHFD2 is important for embryonic development and proliferation of cancer cells, it is non-essential after birth. However, Mthf2 mRNA and other enzymes in serine and folate metabolism were highly expressed when AT2 cells proliferate on PND7. They were nearly undetectable in adult AT2 cells, but re-expressed when AT2 cells proliferated in response to fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 7 or during alveolar regeneration. Suppressing Mthfd2 or phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh) used to generate serine blocked FGF7-dependent proliferation of AT2 cells.
2020-03-31 | GSE140915 | GEO
Project description:Folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism is required for purine, thymidylate, and S-adenosylmethionine synthesis. Impairments in folate metabolism diminish cellular methylation potential and genome stability. Cytoplasmic serine hydroxymethyl transferase (cSHMT) regulates partitioning between thymidylate and SAM biosynthesis. These experiments were designed to determine if mutations in cSHMT led to alterations in gene expression. Keywords: genetic modification RNA was isolated from proximal colons of cSHMT mutant, heterozygous, and wild-type mice raised on a folate-deficient diet. Three colon samples were isolated from each genotype to provide biological replication. Mutant and heterozygous data were then compared pair-wise against wild-type expression data.
2010-03-03 | E-GEOD-14645 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism is required for purine, thymidylate, and S-adenosylmethionine synthesis. Impairments in folate metabolism diminish cellular methylation potential and genome stability. Cytoplasmic serine hydroxymethyl transferase (cSHMT) regulates partitioning between thymidylate and SAM biosynthesis. These experiments were designed to determine if mutations in cSHMT led to alterations in gene expression. Keywords: genetic modification
2009-10-01 | GSE14645 | GEO