CD8 response to checkpoint immunohterapy in kidney cancer patients
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE181465 | GEO | 2021/08/05
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:CD8 response to checkpoint immunohterapy in kidney cancer patients
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Project description:We have employed a single cell sequencing approach using 10x Genomics scRNA-seq to study immune checkpoint inhibitor effects on kidney cells. Immune checkpoint inhibitors leads to break of immune tolerance and potential adverse related event. It is known that interstitial nephritis is most common presentation. Because exact mechanism is not clear this model wants to induce inflammation in a chimeric mouse. Evaluation of genes over or under expressed in differents groups of treatment by scRNA-seq would allow to understand better the dinamic of inflammation and identified potential targets.
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Project description:RIG-I is a pattern recognition receptor involved in innate immunity, but its role in adaptive immunity remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that RIG-I is upregulated in tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells, where it functions as an intracellular checkpoint to negatively regulate CD8+ T cell function and limit antitumor immunity. Mechanically, up-regulation of RIG-I in CD8+ T cells is induced by retinoic acid (RA), a metabolite of vitamin A in TME, and direct inhibits the AKT/glycolysis signaling pathway. In addition, deletion of RIG-I enhances the efficacy of adoptively transferred T cells against solid tumors and inhibition of RIG-I enhances the response to PD-1 blockade. Our findings identify RIG-I as an intracellular checkpoint and a potential target for alleviating inhibitory constraints on T cells in cancer immunotherapy, either alone or in combination with immune checkpoint blockade.
2023-04-25 | GSE230045 | GEO
Project description:An improved understanding of the anti-tumor CD8+ T cell response after checkpoint blockade would enable more informed and effective therapeutic strategies. Here we examined the dynamics of the effector response of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) after checkpoint blockade therapy. Bulk and single-cell RNA profiles of CD8+ TILs after combined Tim-3+PD-1 blockade in preclinical models revealed significant changes in the transcriptional profile of PD-1? TILs. These cells could be divided into subsets bearing characterstics of naive-, effector-, and memory-precursor-like cells. Effector- and memory-precursor-like TILs contained tumor-antigen-specific cells, exhibited proliferative and effector capacity, and expanded in response to different checkpoint blockade therapies across different tumor models. The memory-precursor-like subset shared features with CD8+ T cells associated with response to checkpoint blockade in patients and was compromised in the absence of Tcf7. Expression of Tcf7 was requisite for the efficacy of diverse immunotherapies, highlighting the importance of this transcriptional regulator in the development of effective CD8+ T cell responses upon immunotherapy.
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Project description:Despite the curative potential of checkpoint blockade immunotherapy, most patients remain unresponsive to existing treatments. Glyco-immune checkpoints – interactions of cell-surface glycans with lectin, or glycan-binding, immunoreceptors – have emerged as prominent mechanisms of immune evasion and therapeutic resistance in cancer. Here, we describe antibody-lectin chimeras (AbLecs), a modular platform for glyco-immune checkpoint blockade. AbLecs are bispecific antibody-like molecules comprising a cell-targeting antibody domain and a lectin “decoy receptor” domain that directly binds glycans and blocks their ability to engage inhibitory lectin receptors. AbLecs potentiate anticancer immune responses including phagocytosis and cytotoxicity, outperforming most existing therapies and combinations tested. By targeting a distinct axis of immunological regulation, AbLecs synergize with blockade of established immune checkpoints. AbLecs can be readily designed to target numerous tumor and immune cell subsets as well as glyco-immune checkpoints, and therefore represent a new modality for cancer immunotherapy.
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Project description:Kidney Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors on a Humanized Chimeric Mouse Model.
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Project description:10 biopsies from one patient undergoing a auxiliary liver and combined kidney transplantation, where one liver lobe is replaced by an auxiliary liver lobe. Thereafter the kidney is transplanted. Keywords: Time course study
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Project description:The heterogenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a key obstacle in turning the majority of ‘immune-cold’ tumors ‘hot’ for effective immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Through analyzing the naturally-existed ‘hot’ HCC variants, we identified fas-associated death domain (FADD) as a key molecule upregulated in patients with dense tumor-filtrating CD8+T cells and better response to ICIs. Apart from the canonical role in apoptosis pathway, our data showed that CRISPR knockout of hepatoma-intrinsic Fadd led to increased tumor weights in immunocompetent but not immunodeficient mice, accompanied with decreased numbers and IFN-γ/TNF-ɑ production of tumor-filtrating CD8+T cells. Mechanistically, phosphorylated FADD translocated into cell nucleus, where it interacted with Sam68 to upregulate NF-κB transcription of CCL5, thereby promoted CD8+T cell tumor infiltration. Interestingly, anti-PD1 triggered FADD phosphorylation by CD8+T cell-derived IFN-γ/TNF-ɑ in ICI-sensitive, but not resistant tumors. Sequential FADD activation through genetic or pharmacologic approaches to orchestrate p-FADD-CD8+T cell axis therefore overcame ICI resistance in ICI-resistant orthotopic and spontaneous HCC mouse models in vivo. Taken together, our findings may provide insights into the combinatory immunotherapy approaches for the majority of HCC patients in the future.
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Project description:Tumor-intrinsic signaling pathways can drastically affect the tumor immune microenvironment (TME), promoting tumor progression and resistance to immunotherapy by excluding immune cell populations from the tumor. Several tumor-cell intrinsic pathways have been reported to modulate myeloid cell infiltration and subsequent T cell recruitment. Clinical evidence suggests that excluding cytotoxic T cells from the tumor core mediates resistance to immunotherapy. Here, we find that tumor cell-intrinsic SOX2 expression in non-small cell lung cancer induces the exclusion of cytotoxic T cells from the tumor core and promotes resistance to checkpoint blockade therapy. CD8+ T cell exclusion was dependent on regulatory T cell-mediated suppression of tumor vasculature. Depleting tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells via Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related protein (GITR) restored CD8+ T cell infiltration and, combined with checkpoint blockade therapy, reduced tumor growth.
2024-12-19 | GSE256071 | GEO
Project description:Checkpoint blockade immunotherapy has become a first-line treatment option for cancer patients, with success in increasingly diverse cancer types. Still, many patients do not experience durable responses and the reasons for clinical success versus failure remain largely undefined. Investigation of immune responses within the tumor microenvironment can be highly informative but access to tumor tissue is not always available, highlighting the need to identify biomarkers in the blood that correlate with clinical success. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing coupled with T cell receptor sequencing to define CD8+ T cell responses in peripheral blood of two patients with melanoma before and after immunotherapy with either anti-PD-1 (nivolumab) alone or the combination of anti-PD-1 and CTLA-4 (ipilimumab). Both treatment regimens increased transcripts associated with cytolytic effector function and decreased transcripts associated with naive T cells. These responses were further evaluated at the protein level and extended to a total of 53 patients with various cancer types. Unexpectedly, the induction of CD8+ T cell responses associated with cytolytic function was variable and did not predict therapeutic success in this larger patient cohort. Rather, a decrease in the frequency of T cells with a naive-like phenotype was consistently observed after immunotherapy and correlated with prolonged patient survival. In contrast, a more detailed clonotypic analysis of emerging and expanding CD8+ T cells in the blood revealed that a majority of individual T cell clones responding to immunotherapy acquired a transcriptional profile consistent with cytolytic effector function. These results suggest that responses to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy are evident and traceable in patients’ blood, with outcomes predicted by the simultaneous loss of naive-like CD8+ T cells and the expansion of mostly rare and diverse cytotoxic CD8+ T cell clones.
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