Dataset Information

Genomic and GWAS analyses demonstrate phylogenomic relationships of Gossypium barbadense in China and selection for fiber length, lint percentage, and Fusarium wilt resistance

ABSTRACT: Sea Island cotton (Gossypium barbadense) is the source of the world’s finest fiber-quality cotton, yet relatively little is understood about the genetic variation among diverse germplasm, the genes underlying important traits, and the effects of pedigree selection. Here, we resequenced 336 G. barbadense accessions and identified 16 million SNPs. Phylogenetic and population structure analyses revealed two major gene pools and a third admixed subgroup derived from geographical dissemination and interbreeding. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 15 traits including fiber quality, yield, disease resistance, maturity, and plant architecture. The highest number of associated loci was for fiber quality, followed by disease resistance and yield. Using gene expression analyses and VIGS transgenic experiments we confirmed the role of five candidate genes regulating four key traits, i.e., disease resistance, fiber length, fiber strength, and lint percentage. Geographical and temporal considerations demonstrate selection for the superior fiber quality (fiber length and fiber strength), and high lint-percentage in improving G. barbadense in China. Pedigree selection breeding wholly increased Fusarium wilt disease resistance, and separately improved fiber-quality and yield. Our work provides a foundation for understanding genomic variation in and selective breeding of Sea Island cotton.

ORGANISM(S): Gossypium barbadense

PROVIDER: GSE184965 | GEO | 2022/04/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

ACCESS DATA

Similar Datasets

Project description:Gossypium barbadense is widely cultivated because of its extra-long staple cotton with superior luster, silkiness and high yield. These economically important traits were selected during initial domestication of an agronomically inferior wild ancestor, followed by millennia of human- mediated selection. To reveal the effects of this history on the cotton fiber transcriptome, we conducted comparative expression profiling on mechanically isolated fiber cells at three different stages encompassing early, mid, and late fiber elongation in wild (K101) and domesticated (Pima S-7) accessions, using a microarray platform that interrogates 42,429 unigenes. The distribution of differentially expressed genes across developmental stages was different in the two accessions, with a shift toward greater change earlier in cultivated than in wild G. barbadense. Approximately 4200 genes were differentially expressed between wild and domesticated accessions at one or more of the stages studied. Domestication appears to have led to enhanced modulation of cellular redox levels and the avoidance or delay of stress-like processes. Prolonged fiber growth in cultivated relative to wild G. barbadense is associated with upregulation of signal transduction and hormone signaling genes and down-regulation of cell wall maturation genes. Clues are provided into the processes and genes that may unwittingly have been selected by humans during domestication and development of modern elite lines. Several of the transcriptomic differences between wild and domesticated G. barbadense described here appear to have parallels in a second domesticated cotton species, Gossypium hirsutum, suggesting that replicated domestication of two different species has resulted in overlapping, parallel, metabolic transformations. Two accessions of G. barbadense were studied, the elite cultivar, Pima S-7, and a wild accession from Bolivia, K101. Seeds of both accessions were sown in sterilized potting mix in the Pohl Conservatory at Iowa State University, Ames, IA, and three biological replicates were grown for 3-5 months. Flowers were tagged at anthesis and harvested at three time points, 2, 10, and 20 days postanthesis. For each of three biological replicates, ovules were excised, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80C.

Dataset Information

Genomic and GWAS analyses demonstrate phylogenomic relationships of Gossypium barbadense in China and selection for fiber length, lint percentage, and Fusarium wilt resistance

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure