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M6A modification segregates the stemness program from proliferation in ISCs [scRNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Purpose: To monitor the different of ISCs and cell fate alteration upon Mettl3 deletion, we use single cell sequencing to examine the sequence information from individual cells with optimized next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, providing a single-cell resolution of cellular differences. Methods:Alive intestinal epithelial cells were sorted from WT and Mettl3-KO mice at 4 dpt. ScRNA-seq libraries were generated using the Chromium Single Cell 3’ Reagent Ki V3 (10X Genomics). The libraries were sequenced as paired-end with Illumina Novaseq 6000. Raw reads were aligned to the GRCm38/mm10 mouse genome, and Cell Ranger (v3.1.0) was used to estimate unique molecular identifiers (UMIs). Raw aligned features were loaded and processed using the Seurat package (v4.0.2). Low-quality cells were filtered if they expressed no more than 200 genes or with more than 20% of mitochondrial genes. Results: After cells with low information content and a high fraction of mitochondrial RNAs were excluded, 7865 cells (4467 WT and 3398 KO) were analyzed. Conclusions: Mettl3 deletion reduced the expression of stem cell signature genes but unchanged proliferation profile in ISCs. Thus, we conclude that Mettl3 deletion leads to loss of stemness but not proliferation, and enhanced regeneration and apoptosis.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE186913 | GEO | 2023/04/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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m6A modification segregates the stemness program from proliferation in ISCs [MeRIP-seq]

Project description:Purpose: To find m6A modified genes which were affected in Mettl3-KO (Mettl3fl/fl; Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-CreERT2; Villin-CreERT2) Intestinal stem cells, we used a method combining RNA-protein immunoprecipitation with high-throughput sequencing to achieve RNA methylation, exactly m6A, analysis at the full transcriptome level. Methods: Intestinal stem cells (Lgr5-high cells) were sorted by flow cytometry in WT and Mettl3-KO intestinal epithelium at 4 dpt. mRNA was purified using Dynabeads mRNA Purification kit (Invitrogen, 61006). Then, mRNA was fragmented into ~100-nucleotide-long fragments by RNA Fragmentation Reagents (Ambion, AM8740) at 94 ℃ for 45s. After that, mRNA were immunoprecipitation with m6A antibody (NEB, NO.E1610S) to enrich the m6A-marked mRNA followed by RNA extraction by RNA clean&concentrator-5 (ZYMO RESEARCH, 1013). The cDNA libraries were generated using SMARTER Stranded Total RNA-seq kit v2. In each sample, reads were aligned to the mouse genome in Ensembl (release 95) with HISAT2. m6A peaks in each sample were identified using exomePeak (v2.17.0) R/Bioconductor package with default parameters. Conclusions: We found that 2074 transcripts showed a reduced m6A modification in Mettl3-KO Lgr5-high ISCs at 4 dpt. The most of targets contained the common m6A motif “RRACH (GGACU)” in the protein-coding region and 3’UTR, especially enriched near the stop codon.

2023-04-13 | GSE186914 | GEO

m6A modification segregates the stemness program from proliferation in ISCs [RNA-seq]

Project description:Purpose: One goal of this Bulk RNA-seq is to compare genome-wide transcriptome profiles in WT and Mettl3-KO mice intestinal stem cells at indicated time point.The other goal is to compare expression of stemness genes in WT, Mettl3-KO, Mettl3 KO and AKF-OE or AKFP-OE organoids. Methods: For mice, intestinal crypts were isolated and digested with Tryple, Lgr5-high or Lgr5-low cells were sorted by flow cytometry. For organoids, organoids were digested with Tryple and alive cells were sorted by flow cytometry. Total RNA was extracted with RNeasy Mini Kit (QIAGEN) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Bulk RNA-seq was performed using the Illumina Hiseq X. RNA-seq reads were aligned to the mouse genome available in Ensembl (release 95) with HISAT2. Conclusions: Mettl3 deletion results in reduced expression of most of the stem cell signature genes in Mettl3-KO ISCs, including Lgr5, Olfm4, Ascl2, and Smoc2, but increased gene expression related to cell death, p53, MAPK, YAP and regeneration pathway. AKF and AKFP-overexpression could rescue the expression level of some ISC signature genes compared with Mettl3 detion organoids.

2023-04-13 | GSE186912 | GEO

Cross-species single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals divergence of cell composition and functions in mammalian ileum epithelium [scRNA-seq_Macaque]

Project description:Purpose: To reveal the differences on epithelial cell composition, functional assignments and pharmacokinetics among mammals intestine, we use single cell sequencing to examine the conserved and divergent features among species, providing a cross-species single-cell transcriptomic atlases of ileal epithelium Methods:Alive ileum epithelial cells were sorted from two cynomolgus monkeys (14 years old). ScRNA-seq libraries were generated using the Chromium Single Cell 3’ Reagent Ki V3 (10X Genomics). The libraries were sequenced as paired-end with Illumina Novaseq 6000. Raw reads were aligned to the Mmul_10 Macaque genome, and Cell Ranger (v3.1.0) was used to estimate unique molecular identifiers (UMIs). Raw aligned features were loaded and processed using the Seurat package (v4.0.2). Low-quality cells were filtered if they expressed no more than 200 genes or with more than 20% of mitochondrial genes. Results: After cells with low information content and a high fraction of mitochondrial RNAs were excluded, 886 cells were analyzed. Conclusions: Eight cell types were identified in macaque ileum based on reported markers, including enterocytes, transient-amplifying (TA) cells, goblet cells, goblet progenitor cells, stem cells, enteroendorcine cells, CA7+ cells and tuft cells.

2022-05-27 | GSE196658 | GEO

Cross-species single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals divergence of cell composition and functions in mammalian ileum epithelium [scRNA-seq_Mouse]

Project description:Purpose: To reveal the differences on epithelial cell composition, functional assignments and pharmacokinetics among mammals intestine, we use single cell sequencing to examine the conserved and divergent features among species, providing a cross-species single-cell transcriptomic atlases of ileal epithelium Methods:Alive ileum epithelial cells were sorted from three adult mice (10 weeks). ScRNA-seq libraries were generated using the Chromium Single Cell 3’ Reagent Ki V3 (10X Genomics). The libraries were sequenced as paired-end with Illumina Novaseq 6000. Raw reads were aligned to the GRCm38/mm10 Mouse genome, and Cell Ranger (v3.1.0) was used to estimate unique molecular identifiers (UMIs). Raw aligned features were loaded and processed using the Seurat package (v4.0.2). Low-quality cells were filtered if they expressed no more than 200 genes or with more than 20% of mitochondrial genes. Results: After cells with low information content and a high fraction of mitochondrial RNAs were excluded, 1060 cells were analyzed. Conclusions: Eight cell types were identified in mouse ileum based on reported markers, including enterocytes, transient-amplifying (TA) cells, goblet cells, goblet progenitor cells, stem cells, Paneth cells, enteroendorcine cells and tuft cells.

2022-05-27 | GSE196662 | GEO

Cross-species single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals divergence of cell composition and functions in mammalian ileum epithelium [scRNA-seq_Rat]

Project description:Purpose: To reveal the differences on epithelial cell composition, functional assignments and pharmacokinetics among mammals intestine, we use single cell sequencing to examine the conserved and divergent features among species, providing a cross-species single-cell transcriptomic atlases of ileal epithelium Methods:Alive ileum epithelial cells were sorted from three adult rats (3 months old). ScRNA-seq libraries were generated using the Chromium Single Cell 3’ Reagent Ki V3 (10X Genomics). The libraries were sequenced as paired-end with Illumina Novaseq 6000. Raw reads were aligned to the Rnor_6.0 Rat genome, and Cell Ranger (v3.1.0) was used to estimate unique molecular identifiers (UMIs). Raw aligned features were loaded and processed using the Seurat package (v4.0.2). Low-quality cells were filtered if they expressed no more than 200 genes or with more than 20% of mitochondrial genes. Results: After cells with low information content and a high fraction of mitochondrial RNAs were excluded, 3040 cells were analyzed. Conclusions: Seven cell types were identified in rat ileum based on reported markers, including enterocytes, transient-amplifying (TA) cells, goblet cells, goblet progenitor cells, stem cells, enteroendorcine cells and tuft cells.

2022-05-27 | GSE196660 | GEO

Cross-species single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals divergence of cell composition and functions in mammalian ileum epithelium [scRNA-seq_Pig]

Project description:Purpose: To reveal the differences on epithelial cell composition, functional assignments and pharmacokinetics among mammals intestine, we use single cell sequencing to examine the conserved and divergent features among species, providing a cross-species single-cell transcriptomic atlases of ileal epithelium Methods:Alive ileum epithelial cells were sorted from three adult pigs (6 months old). ScRNA-seq libraries were generated using the Chromium Single Cell 3’ Reagent Ki V3 (10X Genomics). The libraries were sequenced as paired-end with Illumina Novaseq 6000. Raw reads were aligned to the Sscrofa11.1 Pig genome, and Cell Ranger (v3.1.0) was used to estimate unique molecular identifiers (UMIs). Raw aligned features were loaded and processed using the Seurat package (v4.0.2). Low-quality cells were filtered if they expressed no more than 200 genes or with more than 20% of mitochondrial genes. Results: After cells with low information content and a high fraction of mitochondrial RNAs were excluded, 730 cells were analyzed. Conclusions: Eight cell types were identified in pig ileum based on reported markers, including enterocytes, transient-amplifying (TA) cells, goblet cells, goblet progenitor cells, stem cells, enteroendorcine cells, CA7+ cells and tuft cells.

2022-05-27 | GSE196659 | GEO

Next-generation sequencing measuring mRNA expression in naïve T cells isolated from Mettl3 KO and WT mice

Project description:Naïve T cells were obtained by StemCell CD4+ T cell isolation kit of spleen from Mettl3 KO and WT mice followed by FACS sorting (CD4+CD25-CD45RB-Hi). Raw sequencing reads were aligned to the mouse genome (mm10) with Tophat, and gene expression levels were measured by Cufflinks.

2017-08-17 | GSE100277 | GEO

Next-generation sequencing measuring ribosome mRNA occupancy and translation efficiency in CD4+ T cells isolated from Mettl3 KO and WT mice

Project description:50 million CD4+ naive T cells were isolated from Mettl3 KO and WT mice by StemCell CD4+ T cell isolation kits. The ribosome protected fragments and inputs were prepared strictly following the manual of Illumina TruSeq Ribo Profile (Mammalian) Kit. The libraries were generated using the same kit and subjected to sequencing. Raw sequencing reads were aligned to the mouse genome (mm10) with Tophat, and anlayzed by Tuxedo suite & HTseq.

2017-08-17 | GSE100332 | GEO

Pooled CRISPR Screening Identifies m6A as a Positive Regulator of Macrophage Activation [RNA-seq]

Project description:The involvement of m6A modification in macrophage activation has been validated in our study that the expression of TNF-α in Mettl3-depleted Raw 264.7 cells stimulated with LPS were markedly reduced in comparison to control cells. To further explore the biological effects of m6A deficiency macrophages, we performed RNA sequencing analysis of Mettl3-KO and WT control Raw 264.7 cells upon LPS treatment. The GO enrichment analysis documented that the downregulated transcripts in Mettl3-KO Raw 264.7 cells were enriched in innate immune response related to defense and external stimulus. Notably, transcripts of the downstream components of the TLR4 signaling pathway, such as proinflammatory cytokines (Tnf-α, Il-6, Il-1β, Il-18,and Il-23) and co-stimulation molecules (Cd86), were downregulated in Mettl3-deficient cells, suggesting that METTL3 has a critical function in controlling the innate immune response of Raw 264.7 macrophages.

2021-04-30 | GSE162248 | GEO

The effects of METTL3 on islet β-cell function

Project description:Purpose: The goal of this study is to investigate how METTL3 regulates islet β-cell function. Methods: Total RNA was extracted using Tripure Isolation Reagent (Roche, Mannheim, Germany) from pancreatic islets of Mettl3flox/flox and β-Mettl3-KO mice at 8 weeks old. Each RNA sample was pooled from four Mettl3flox/flox and β-Mettl3-KO mice, respectively. Three independent biological replicates for each group were used for RNA-seq. RNA-seq was performed by deep sequencing using an Illumina Novaseq 6000 platform. Paired-end clean reads were aligned to the mouse reference genome(GRCm38.p6) with Hisat2 v2.0.5, and the aligned reads were used to quantify mRNA expression by using featureCounts v1.5.0-p3. Conclusion: Our study represents the first detailed analysis of islet transcriptomes from Mettl3flox/flox and β-Mettl3-KO mice, generated by RNA-seq technology. The RNA-seq analysis showed that 2560 genes were downregulated and 3408 genes were upregulated in the pancreatic islets of β-Mettl3-KO mice. GO analysis showed that the downregulated genes were primarily related to insulin secretion, SNARE binding, and mitochondrial respiratory chain, whereas the upregulated genes were associated with the immune response, B cell activation, and antigen binding.

2020-11-13 | GSE155612 | GEO

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