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TNF plays a crucial role in inflammation by signaling via T cell TNFR2

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE188162 | GEO | 2021/11/06

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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TNF plays a crucial role in inflammation by signaling via T cell TNFR2.

Project description:TNF, produced largely by T and innate immune cells, is potently proinflammatory, as are cytokines such as IFN-γ and IL-17 produced by Th1 and Th17 cells, respectively. Here, we asked if TNF is upstream of Th skewing toward inflammatory phenotypes. Exposure of mouse CD4+ T cells to TNF and TGF-β generated Th17 cells that express low levels of IL-17 (ROR-γt+IL-17lo) and high levels of inflammatory markers independently of IL-6 and STAT3. This was mediated by the nondeath TNF receptor TNFR2, which also contributed to the generation of inflammatory Th1 cells. Single-cell RNA sequencing of central nervous system-infiltrating CD4+ T cells in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) found an inflammatory gene expression profile similar to cerebrospinal fluid-infiltrating CD4+ T cells from patients with multiple sclerosis. Notably, TNFR2-deficient CD4+ T cells produced fewer inflammatory mediators and were less pathogenic in EAE and colitis. IL-1β, a Th17-skewing cytokine, induced TNF and proinflammatory granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in T cells, which was inhibited by disruption of TNFR2 signaling, demonstrating IL-1β can function indirectly via the production of TNF. Thus, TNF is not just an effector but also an initiator of inflammatory Th differentiation.

| S-EPMC8685675 | biostudies-literature

TNF plays a crucial role in inflammation by signaling via T cell TNFR2 [bulkRNA-seq]

Project description:TNF regulates the inflammatory cytokine secretion from CD4+ T cells in vitro.

2021-11-06 | GSE188160 | GEO

TNF plays a crucial role in inflammation by signaling via T cell TNFR2 [scRNA-seq]

Project description:Identification of differentially expressed genes between WT and Tnfr2-/- CD4+ T cells in Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).

2021-11-06 | GSE188161 | GEO

TNF plays a crucial role in inflammation by signaling via T cell TNFR2

Project description:TNF plays a crucial role in inflammation by signaling via T cell TNFR2

| PRJNA777866 | ENA

TNF plays a crucial role in inflammation by signaling via T cell TNFR2 [bulkRNA-seq]

Project description:TNF plays a crucial role in inflammation by signaling via T cell TNFR2 [bulkRNA-seq]

| PRJNA777869 | ENA

TNF plays a crucial role in inflammation by signaling via T cell TNFR2 [scRNA-seq]

Project description:TNF plays a crucial role in inflammation by signaling via T cell TNFR2 [scRNA-seq]

| PRJNA777868 | ENA

Glis3 plays a crucial role in spermatogenesis

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series

2016-07-01 | E-GEOD-70196 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Glis3 plays a crucial role in spermatogenesis

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2016-07-01 | GSE70196 | GEO

TNF-α-induced Inflammation Stimulates Apolipoprotein-A4 via Activation of TNFR2 and NF-κB Signaling in Kidney Tubular Cells.

Project description:Apo-A4 expression was increased in tissues from chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients compared to that in normal kidney tissue. We determined the association of apo-A4 and its regulatory signals following acute kidney injury and elucidated the effects of apo-A4 on cell signaling pathways related to kidney injury in vitro and in vivo. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, which causes inflammatory cell injury, induced significantly increased expression of apo-A4 protein levels, and these levels were related to pro-inflammatory acute kidney injury in human kidney cells. Apo-A4 expression was also increased in experimented rat kidney tissues after ischemic reperfusion injury. The expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) 2 was increased in both kidney cell lines and experimented rat kidney tissues following acute kidney injury. The expression of apo-A4 and TNFR2 was increased upon treatment with TNF-α. Immunohistochemistry revealed positive apo-A4 and TNFR2 staining in ischemic reperfusion injury rat kidneys compared with levels in the sham operation kidneys. After neutralization of TNF-α, NF-κB expression was only observed in the cytoplasm by immunofluorescence. Therefore, the apo-A4 expression is increased by stimulation of injured kidney cells with TNF-α and that these effects occur via a TNFR2-NFκB complex.

| S-EPMC5562825 | biostudies-literature

Preferential TNF<b>α</b> signaling via TNFR2 regulates epithelial injury and duct obstruction in experimental biliary atresia.

Project description:Biliary atresia is an obstructive cholangiopathy of infancy that progresses to end-stage cirrhosis. Although the pathogenesis of the disease is not completely understood, previous reports link TNFα to apoptosis of the bile duct epithelium in the presence of IFNγ. Here, we investigate if TNFα signaling regulates pathogenic mechanisms of biliary atresia. First, we quantified the expression of TNFA and its receptors TNFR1 and TNFR2 in human livers and found an increased expression of the receptors at the time of diagnosis. In mechanistic experiments using a neonatal mouse model of rhesus rotavirus-induced (RRV-induced) biliary atresia, the expression of the ligand and both receptors increased 6- to 8-fold in hepatic DCs and NK lymphocytes above controls. The activation of tissue NK cells by RRV-primed DCs was independent of TNFα-TNFR signaling. Once activated, the expression of TNFα by NK cells induced lysis of 55% ± 2% of bile duct epithelial cells, which was completely prevented by blocking TNFα or TNFR2, but not TNFR1. More notably, antibody-mediated or genetic disruption of TNFα-TNFR2 signaling in vivo decreased apoptosis and epithelial injury; suppressed the infiltration of livers by T cells, DCs, and NK cells; prevented extrahepatic bile duct obstruction; and promoted long-term survival. These findings point to a key role for the TNFα/TNFR2 axis on pathogenesis of experimental biliary atresia and identify new therapeutic targets to suppress the disease phenotype.

| S-EPMC5333971 | biostudies-literature

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