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Impact of iASPP knockout on p63 genome occupancy in mouse keratinocytes

ABSTRACT: iASPP (PPP1R13L) is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of p53 family members. In mice, iASPP deletion in keratin 14-expressing keratinocytes is sufficient to cause detrimental phenotypes with squamous epithelium abnormalities. In human skin, wild-type nuclear iASPP colocalizes with the key squamous differentiation regulatory factor, TP63, and iASPP mutations are associated with abnormalities in skin development. To clarify how iASPP modulates p63 genome occupancy, p63 ChIP-seq data from iASPP WT and iASPP KO primary mouse keratinocytes (MKC) were compared.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE188447 | GEO | 2022/10/25

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Transcriptional impact of iASPP knockout in mouse keratinocytes

Project description:iASPP (PPP1R13L) is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of p53 family members. In mice, iASPP deletion in keratin 14-expressing keratinocytes is sufficient to cause detrimental phenotypes with squamous epithelium abnormalities. In human skin, wild-type nuclear iASPP colocalizes with the key squamous differentiation regulatory factor, TP63, and iASPP mutations also show abnormalities in skin development. To clarify how iASPP influences the keratinocyte transcriptome, iASPP WT and iASPP KO primary mouse keratinocytes (MKC) were compared.

2022-10-25 | GSE188371 | GEO

Epigenetic regulation of iASPP-p63 feedback loop in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Project description:Keratinocyte skin cancer, comprising cutaneous squamous (cSCC) and basal cell carcinoma, is the most common malignancy in the UK. P53 is frequently mutated in cSCC. iASPP is a key inhibitor of p53 and NF-kB signalling pathways and has been documented as highly expressed in several types of human cancer. We have previously identified an autoregulatory feedback loop between iASPP and p63, which is critical in epidermal homeostasis. We hypothesised a potential role for dysregulation of this axis in the pathogenesis of keratinocyte malignancies. Immunostaining of 116 cSCC clinical samples revealed increased iASPP and ΔNp63 expression but also highlighted a significant alteration of iASPP cellular localisation, with consequent deregulation of its function. Expression patterns, functionality, gene and microRNA expression analysis were further investigated in 10 cSCC cell lines. Our data suggest that whilst direct effects of iASPP and p63 upon each other’s expression are maintained in cSCC, epigenetic dysregulation of the feedback loop occurs at the microRNA level by a novel mechanism controlling p63 expression. We demonstrate that this autoregulatory feedback loop controls cell migration in cSCC by blocking EMT and promoting proliferation, and provides future directions for clinical biomarker and therapeutic target discovery in cutaneous SCC.

2019-11-20 | GSE123189 | GEO

Epigenetic regulation of iASPP-p63 feedback loop in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

Project description:Epigenetic regulation of iASPP-p63 feedback loop in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

| PRJNA507787 | ENA

FGFR2 Signaling Underlies p63 Oncogenic Function in Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Project description:This study was designed to examine the requirement for the p63 transcription factor in Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) tumor maintenance in an in vivo murine system. A tamoxifen-inducible Keratin 14-driven Cre recombinase transgene was used to conditionally excise p63 in advanced murine SCC tumors. These data show the context-dependent regulation of p63 target genes in cancer. Total RNA from murine Squamous Cell Carcinoma tumors was examined 1-3 days following genomic excision of TP63 in Keratin 14-expressing tumor cells.

2013-08-06 | E-GEOD-45929 | biostudies-arrayexpress

p63 cooperates with CTCF to modulate chromatin accessibility and architecture in skin keratinocytes

Project description:Here we integrated multi-omics profiles including transcriptomics, DNA accessibility and capture Hi-C data to explore how p63 shapes local chromatin architecture in skin keratinocytes isolated from EEC syndrome patients. Surprisingly, we observed decreased chromatin accessibility in a number of DNA looping nodes which were co-mediated by p63 and CTCF. Our findings not only identified a new aspect of the bookmark function of p63, but also shed light on the disease mechanism underlined p63 dysfunction. Therefore, we propose p63 as a spatial genome organizer by modulating a subset of DNA loops with CTCF and therefore fine-tuning transcription programs required for skin keratinocytes.

2019-06-21 | GSE123711 | GEO

siRNA profiling of human keratinocyte and squamous cell carcinoma cell lines knocked down with p63 reveals loss of p63 leads to increased cell migration and up-regulation of genes involved in invasion and metastasis

Project description:p63, a homologue of the tumor suppressor p53, is critical for the development and maintenance of squamous epithelia. p63 is specifically expressed in the basal layers of stratified epithelial tissues and is considered a specific marker for cells of this type. The role of p63 in tumorigenesis remains poorly defined. Numerous studies have highlighted the oncogenic potential of the predominant p63 isoform DeltaNp63alpha; however, data suggest that other p63 proteins can act as tumor suppressors or alter the metastatic potential of tumors. DeltaNp63alpha can act as a transcriptional repressor, but the link between the transcriptional functions of p63 and its biological role is still unclear. In this study, we used a loss-of-function approach to investigate the transcriptional programs controlled by p63. Disruption of p63 in squamous cell lines resulted in down-regulation of transcripts specifically expressed in squamous tissues and a significant alteration of keratinocyte differentiation. Interestingly, we found that disruption of p63 led to up-regulation of markers of nonepithelial tissues (mesenchyme and neural tissue) in both primary and immortalized squamous cells. Many of these up-regulated genes are associated with increased capacity for invasion and metastasis in tumors. Furthermore, loss of p63 expression was accompanied by a shift toward mesenchymal morphology and an increase in motility in primary keratinocytes and squamous cell lines. We conclude that loss of endogenous p63 expression results in up-regulation of genes associated with invasion and metastasis, and predisposes to a loss of epithelial and acquisition of mesenchymal characteristics. These findings have implications for the role of p63 in both development and tumorigenesis.

2007-11-11 | E-GEOD-4975 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide profiling of p63 binding sites identifies genes and regulatory elements for p63-related disorders

Project description:We identified p63 target genes and binding sites responsible for ectodermal defects by genome-wide profiling of p63 binding using ChIP-seq and expression analysis in human primary keratinocytes from patients with p63 mutations. As proof of principle, we identified a novel de novo microdeletion causing limb defects (SHFM1) that includes a p63 binding site functioning as a cis-regulatory element to control expression of the distally located DLX5/DLX6 genes essential for limb development. Our data demonstrate that target genes and regulatory elements detected in this study can serve as powerful tools to identify causative mutations of unresolved ectodermal disorders. ChIP-seq profiles of p63 in primary human keratinocytes established from two different normal individuals.

2010-08-15 | E-GEOD-17611 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Disrupted transcriptional network in ΔNp63 AEC tissue model [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:The transcriptional basis for disrupted epidermal differentiation arising from TP63 AEC mutations remains to be elucidated. Here we present an organotypic model of AEC dysfunction that phenocopies differentiation defects observed in AEC patient skin. Transcriptional analysis of model AEC tissue revealed impaired induction of differentiation regulators, including OVOL1, GRHL3, KLF4, PRDM1 and ZNF750. Genome wide binding analyses of TP63 during epidermal differentiation showed direct binding of OVOL1, GRHL3, and ZNF750 promoters suggesting AEC mutants prevent normal activation of these targets by direct transcriptional interference. Remarkably, exogenous ZNF750 restores impaired epidermal differentiation caused by AEC mutation. Thus, repression of ZNF750 is central to disrupted epidermal differentiation in model AEC tissue. ChIP-Seq analysis: Examination of p63 binding in proliferating and differentiating human keratinocytes

2012-06-18 | E-GEOD-33571 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome wide characterization reveals complex interplay between TP53 and TP63 in response to genotoxic stress [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:In response to genotoxic stress the TP53 tumour suppressor activates target gene expression to induce cell cycle arrest or apoptosis depending on the extent of DNA damage. These canonical activities can be repressed by TP63 in normal stratifying epithelia to maintain proliferative capacity or drive proliferation of squamous cell carcinomas, where TP63 is frequently overexpressed/amplified. Here we use ChIP-sequencing, integrated with microarray analysis, to define the genome wide interplay between TP53 and TP63 in response to genotoxic stress in normal cells. We reveal that TP53 and TP63 bind to overlapping, but distinct cistromes of sites through utilization of distinctive consensus motifs and that TP53 is constitutively bound to a number of sites. We demonstrate that cisplatin and adriamycin elicit distinct effects on TP53 and TP63 binding events, through which TP53 can induce or repress transcription of an extensive network of genes by direct binding and/or modulation of TP63 activity. Collectively, this results in a global TP53 dependent repression of cell cycle progression, mitosis and DNA damage repair concomitant with activation of anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic canonical target genes. Further analyses reveals that in the absence of genotoxic stress TP63 plays an important role in maintaining expression of DNA repair genes, loss of which results in defective repair Examination of p63 and p53 binding sites in neonatal foreskin keratinocytes in response to adriamycin or cisplatin treatment

2014-04-11 | E-GEOD-56674 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Mutant p63 affects epidermal cell identity through rewiring the enhancer landscape

Project description:<p>Transcription factor p63 is a key regulator of epidermal keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Mutations in the p63 DNA-binding domain are associated with Ectrodactyly Ectodermal Dysplasia Cleft Lip/Palate (EEC) syndrome. Underlying molecular mechanism of these mutations however remain unclear. Here we characterized the transcriptome and epigenome of p63 mutant keratinocytes derived from EEC patients. The transcriptome of p63 mutant keratinocytes deviated from the normal epidermal cell identity. Epigenomic analyses showed an altered enhancer landscape in p63 mutant keratinocytes contributed by loss of p63-bound active enhancers and by unexpected gain of enhancers. The gained enhancers were frequently bound by deregulated transcription factors such as RUNX1. Reversing RUNX1 overexpression partially rescued deregulated gene expression and the altered enhancer landscape. Our findings identify an unreported disease mechanism whereby mutant p63 rewires the enhancer landscape and affects epidermal cell identity, consolidating the pivotal role of p63 in controlling the enhancer landscape of epidermal keratinocytes.</p>

| phs001737 | dbGaP

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