Expression profile of cuticular genes of silkworm, Bombyx mori
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Bombyx mori
PROVIDER: GSE18878 | GEO | 2009/11/05
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA121137
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Insect cuticle plays essential roles in multiple physiological functions. During molting and metamorphosis, tremendous changes occur in silkworm cuticles. Silkworm is a model of Lepidoptera insects; however, little is known about the stage expression profiles of genes in cuticles of silkworm. In the present study, we selected 16 developmental stages, ranging from day 1 of the first instar larvae to day 8 of pupae, to perform microarray-based expression profiles. The data told us that various functions and physiological pathways were activated in the cuticle. Moreover, the expression profiles of cuticular protein genes, as the important components of cuticle, were investigated. The current study provides important insights for the functional study of insect cuticle and the regulation of insect cuticular protein genes. Transcription profiling experiments, 16 developmental stages (samples) were analyzed. Dual-channel experiments, with test samples labeled by Cy5 and common reference samples labeled by Cy3. Common reference sample was used for data normalization. One biological replicate. No dye-swaps.
2009-11-04 | E-GEOD-18878 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:A new purple quail-like (q-lp) mutant found from the plain silkworm strain 932VR has pigment dots on the epidermis similar to the pigment mutant quail (q). In addition, q-lp mutant larvae are inactive, consume little and grow slowly, with a high death rate and other developmental abnormalities. Pigmentation of the silkworm epidermis consists of melanin, ommochrome and pteridine. Silkworm development is regulated by ecdysone and juvenile hormone. In this study, we performed RNA-Seq on the epidermis of the q-lp mutant in the 4th instar during molting, with 932VR serving as the control. The results showed 515 differentially expressed genes, of which 234 were upregulated and 281 downregulated in q-lp. BLASTGO analysis indicated that the downregulated genes mainly encode protein-binding proteins, membrane components, oxidation/reduction enzymes, and proteolytic enzymes, whereas the upregulated genes largely encode cuticle structural constituents, membrane components, transport related proteins, and protein-inding proteins. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was used to verify the accuracy of the RNA-Seq data, focusing on key genes for biosynthesis of the three pigments and chitin as well as genes encoding cuticular proteins and several related nuclear receptors, which are thought to play key roles in the q-lp mutant. We drew three conclusions based on the results: 1) melanin, ommochrome and pteridine pigments are all increased in the q-lp mutant; 2) more cuticle proteins are expressed in q-lp than in 932VR, and the number of upregulated cuticular genes is significantly greater than downregulated genes; 3) the downstream pathway regulated by ecdysone is blocked in the q-lp mutant. Our research findings lay the foundation for further research on the developmental changes responsible for the q-lp mutant.
2017-03-10 | GSE95495 | GEO
Project description:Insect pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana in one of the best studied insect biocontrol fungus, which infects insects by cuticle penetration. After breaking the cuticles, the fungus will propagate in insect hemocoel and kill insect hosts. It has also been found that the mycelia of B. bassiana can penetrate plant tissues to reach insect inside plant, e.g. corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis), but do not cause damage to plants. The mechanism of fungal physiological plasticity is poorly understood. To accompany our genome sequencing work of B. bassiana strain ARSEF 2860, fungal transcriptional responses to different niches were studied using an Illumina RNA_seq technique. To examine fungal response to insect cuticle, conidia were inoculated on locust hind wings for 24 hours before used for RNA extraction. To evaluate fungal adaptation to insect hemocole, the fifth instar larvae of cotton bollworms were injected with spore suspension and fungal cells isolated by centrifugation in a step gradient buffer. To unveil the mechanism of interaction with plants, the fungus was grown in corn root exudates for 24 hours. After RNA sequencing, around three million tags were acquired for each sample and fungal transcriptional profiles were compared. Unveiling gene differential expression patterns when the insect biocontrol fungus Beauveria bassiana grown in insect hemocoel, corn root exudates and on insect cuticles.
2012-07-10 | E-GEOD-32699 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Insect pathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana in one of the best studied insect biocontrol fungus, which infects insects by cuticle penetration. After breaking the cuticles, the fungus will propagate in insect hemocoel and kill insect hosts. It has also been found that the mycelia of B. bassiana can penetrate plant tissues to reach insect inside plant, e.g. corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis), but do not cause damage to plants. The mechanism of fungal physiological plasticity is poorly understood. To accompany our genome sequencing work of B. bassiana strain ARSEF 2860, fungal transcriptional responses to different niches were studied using an Illumina RNA_seq technique. To examine fungal response to insect cuticle, conidia were inoculated on locust hind wings for 24 hours before used for RNA extraction. To evaluate fungal adaptation to insect hemocole, the fifth instar larvae of cotton bollworms were injected with spore suspension and fungal cells isolated by centrifugation in a step gradient buffer. To unveil the mechanism of interaction with plants, the fungus was grown in corn root exudates for 24 hours. After RNA sequencing, around three million tags were acquired for each sample and fungal transcriptional profiles were compared.
2012-07-10 | GSE32699 | GEO
Project description:The molting of insects is a complex biological progress which requires varies of genes to participate in the event. MicroRNAs are considered to be one of the key roles involved in development in many organisms. Microarray technology was employed to examine the expression profile of multiple genes after extrinsical up-regulation of miR-1 level by injection of miR-1 mimics in silkworm (Bombyx mori.L), which caused altered expression profile of numerous genes, especially those which involved in the processes of cuticle renewing and development. 814 genes were up-regulated and 636 were down-regulated after treated with miR-1 mimics, the rest 2961 detectable genes were considered to have no significant changes in expression level.
2012-02-25 | GSE36034 | GEO
Project description:The molting of insects is a complex biological progress which requires varies of genes to participate in the event. MicroRNAs are considered to be one of the key roles involved in development in many organisms. Microarray technology was employed to examine the expression profile of multiple genes after extrinsical up-regulation of miR-1 level by injection of miR-1 mimics in silkworm (Bombyx mori.L), which caused altered expression profile of numerous genes, especially those which involved in the processes of cuticle renewing and development. 814 genes were up-regulated and 636 were down-regulated after treated with miR-1 mimics, the rest 2961 detectable genes were considered to have no significant changes in expression level. Transcription profiling experiments, 3 pairs of samples (miR-1 injected and negative control) were analyzed. Dual-channel experiments, with control samples labeled by Cy5 and miR-1 injected samples labeled by Cy3. Fold change was calculated via comparing signal intensity of Cy3 vs Cy5. 3 biological replicates were performed.
2012-02-25 | E-GEOD-36034 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:IMolting, a special period during which the old cuticle is shed and a new one is produced, is crucial to insect development. During their life cycles, insects that undergo complete metamorphosis may experience several larva-to-larva moltings to become larger, followed by larva-to-pupa and pupa-to-adult moltings to become adults. During the larva-to-larva molting stage, insect larvae stop consuming food and become restful. Whether any changes occur within the molting midgut before ecdysis remains known.
2016-02-01 | GSE65522 | GEO
Project description:The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is a complete metamorphosis insect and an economically important for silk production, the model to study insect physiology and biochemistry. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a principal pathogen of the silkworm and its host range is restricted to silkworm larvae, requiring interaction with silkworm larvae to accomplish virus replication. Prothoracic glands (PGs) are a model for synthetic ecdysone with regulating insect growth and development. In this study, day-4 fifth instar silkworm larvae were infected by BmNPV, the wandering silkworms appeared in the infected groups were 12 hours earlier than that in the control groups, and the ecdysone titer in infected larvae was significantly higher than that of the control larvae. Then, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze silkworm PGs 48 h after BmNPV infection. The classifications of the 15 differential expression genes (DEGs) were mainly involved in the metabolic processes and pathways. The RT-qPCR results of the DEGs in the PGs of BmNPV-infected at 24, 48, and 72 h were generally consistent with the transcriptome data. The transcripts of BmTrypsin-1 and BmACSS3 were significantly increased from 24 to 72 h after BmNPV infection that they may be involved in the maturation process in the latter half of silkworm fifth instar larvae. These findings will help to address the interactions between BmNPV infection and host developmental response.
2021-03-02 | GSE167875 | GEO
Project description:Molting is an important physiological process in the larval stage of Bombyx mori and is controlled by various hormones and peptides. The silkworm mutant that exhibits the phenotype of non-molting in the 2nd instar (nm2) is incapable of molting in the 2nd instar and dies after seven or more days. The ecdysone titer in the nm2 mutant is lower than that in the wildtype, and the mutant can be rescued by feeding with 20E and cholesterol. The results of positional cloning indicated that structural alteration of BmCPG10 is responsible for the phenotype of the nm2 mutant. To explore the possible relationship between BmCPG10 and the ecdysone titer as well as the genes affected by BmCPG10, digital gene expression (DGE) profile analysis was conducted in the nm2 mutant, with the wildtype strain C603 serving as the control. The results revealed 1727 differentially expressed genes, among which 651 genes were upregulated and 1076 were downregulated in nm2. BLASTGO analysis showed that these differentially expressed genes were involved in various biological processes, cellular components and molecular functions. KEGG analysis indicated an enrichment of these differentially expressed genes in 240 pathways, including metabolic pathways, pancreatic secretion, protein digestion and absorption, fat digestion and absorption and glycerolipid metabolism. To verify the accuracy of the DGE results, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed, focusing on key genes in several related pathways, and the results were highly consistent with the DGE results. Our findings indicated significant differences in cuticular protein genes, ecdysone biosynthesis genes and ecdysone-related nuclear receptors genes, but no significant difference in juvenile hormone and chitin biosynthesis genes was detected. Considering the physiological characteristics of nm2 together with the results of DGE analysis, we speculate that there may be a relationship between BmCPG10 and ecdysone. In the mutant, the original function of BmCPG10 was lost due to the change in its protein structure. It appeared that BmCPG10 might influence the synthesis of ecdysone by controlling the production of substrate cholesterol. However, under a low titer of ecdysone, the expression of BmCPG10 was affected, as one of a series of effectors of the ecdysone signaling pathway. Blocking ecdysone biosynthesis resulted in non-molting silkworms and the formation of the nm2 mutant.
2017-07-03 | GSE98972 | GEO
Project description:Molecular genetic studies of Bombyx mori have led to profound advances in understanding the regulation of development. Bombyx mori brain, as a main endocrine organ, plays important regulatory roles in various biological processes. The microarray technology will allow the genome-wide analysis of gene expression patterns in silkworm brains. We reported microarray-based gene expression profiles in silkworm brains at four stages including V7, P1, P2 and P3. A total of 4,550 genes were transcribed in at least one selected stage. Of these, clustering algorithms separated the expressed genes into stable expressed genes and variable expressed genes. The results of the gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis of stable expressed genes showed that the ribosomal and oxidative phosphorylation pathways were principal pathways. Secondly, four clusters of genes with significantly different expression patterns were observed in the 1,175 variable expressed genes. Thirdly, thirty-two neuropeptide hormones genes, nine neuropeptide-like precursor genes, and 117 cuticular protein genes were expressed in selected developmental stages. The present study defined major characteristics of the transcriptional profiles in the brains of Bombyx mori at the specific development stages. Our data will provide abundant information that will be useful in future research.
2010-11-16 | GSE25342 | GEO