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SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B4#3 reduces the expression of PIF-activated genes and increases expression of growth repressors to regulate hypocotyl elongation in short days [RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B4-#3 (SOB3) is a member of the AT-HOOK MOTIF CONTAINING NUCLEAR LOCALIZED (AHL) family of transcription factors that are involved in light-mediated growth in Arabidopsis thaliana, affecting processes such as hypocotyl elongation. The majority of the research on the AHLs has been conducted in continuous light. However, there are unique molecular events that promote growth in short days (SD) compared to constant light conditions. Therefore, we investigated how AHLs affect hypocotyl elongation in SD. Firstly, we observed that SOB3 inhibits hypocotyl growth in SD, similar to its effects in constant light. Next, we identified AHL-regulated genes in SD-grown seedlings by performing RNA-Seq in two sob3 mutants at different time points. Our transcriptomic data indicate that PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs) 4, 5, 7, and 8 along with PIF-target genes are repressed by AHLs. We also identified PIF target genes that are repressed and have not been previously described as AHL-regulated, including PRE1, PIL1, HFR1, CDF5, and XTR7. Interestingly, our RNA-seq data also suggest that AHLs activate the expression of growth repressors to control hypocotyl elongation, such as HY5 and IAA17. Notably, many growth-regulating and other genes affected by SOB3 were differentially regulated between these two sob3 mutants at the time points tested. Surprisingly, our ChIP-seq data indicate that SOB3 mostly binds to similar genes throughout the day. Collectively, these data indicate that SOB3 affects gene expression in a time point-specific manner irrespective of changes in binding throughout SD.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE189264 | GEO | 2022/08/24

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B4#3 reduces the expression of PIF-activated genes and increases expression of growth repressors to regulate hypocotyl elongation in short days [ChIP-seq]

Project description:SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B4-#3 (SOB3) is a member of the AT-HOOK MOTIF CONTAINING NUCLEAR LOCALIZED (AHL) family of transcription factors that are involved in light-mediated growth in Arabidopsis thaliana, affecting processes such as hypocotyl elongation. The majority of the research on the AHLs has been conducted in continuous light. However, there are unique molecular events that promote growth in short days (SD) compared to constant light conditions. Therefore, we investigated how AHLs affect hypocotyl elongation in SD. Firstly, we observed that SOB3 inhibits hypocotyl growth in SD, similar to its effects in constant light. Next, we identified AHL-regulated genes in SD-grown seedlings by performing RNA-Seq in two sob3 mutants at different time points. Our transcriptomic data indicate that PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs) 4, 5, 7, and 8 along with PIF-target genes are repressed by AHLs. We also identified PIF target genes that are repressed and have not been previously described as AHL-regulated, including PRE1, PIL1, HFR1, CDF5, and XTR7. Interestingly, our RNA-seq data also suggest that AHLs activate the expression of growth repressors to control hypocotyl elongation, such as HY5 and IAA17. Notably, many growth-regulating and other genes affected by SOB3 were differentially regulated between these two sob3 mutants at the time points tested. Surprisingly, our ChIP-seq data indicate that SOB3 mostly binds to similar genes throughout the day. Collectively, these data indicate that SOB3 affects gene expression in a time point-specific manner irrespective of changes in binding throughout SD.

2022-08-24 | GSE189262 | GEO

AT-hook transcription factors repress petiole growth by antagonizing PIF4 [RNA-seq]

Project description:As sessile organisms, plants rely heavily on growth and developmental plasticity to respond to external challenges threatening their survival. Strict regulation of growth in organs such as hypocotyls and petioles enables plants to respond optimally to varying environmental conditions, such as changes in light and temperature, while also ensuring that resources are not needlessly wasted on unnecessary growth. Studies performed in Arabidopsis thaliana have established the PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR (PIF) transcription factor family as key positive regulators of growth, particularly in hypocotyls and petioles. In this study, we identify members of the AT-HOOK MOTIF NUCLEAR LOCALIZED (AHL) family, including SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B4-#3 (SOB3), as repressors of PIF4-mediated petiole elongation. Specifically, we found that high levels of SOB3 lead to a short-petiole phenotype similar to that conferred by removal of PIF4. Conversely, the dominant-negative sob3-6 mutant has long petioles, a phenotype which is dependent on PIF4. Additionally, we show that AHLs repress the expression of many PIF-activated genes, including a number involved in hormone-mediated promotion of growth and a subset of which are directly bound by both SOB3 and PIFs. Taken together these results suggest that AHLs repress petiole growth by antagonizing PIF-mediated transcriptional activation of growth-promoting genes, including ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 2 (ATHB2), BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1), INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 19 (IAA19), PIN-FORMED 3 (PIN3), SMALL AUXIN UP RNA 24 (SAUR24), and YUCCA8 (YUC8). Elucidating a mechanism by which positive and negative growth factors influence growth in petioles achieves a critical first step towards understanding the gene regulatory networks which modulate leaf growth in response to the environment.

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AT-hook transcription factors repress petiole growth by antagonizing PIF4 [ChIP-seq]

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PIF7 is the master regulator of thermomorphogenesis in shade [ChIP-seq]

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Gene expression in hemera mutants in red light condition

Project description:The hemera (hmr) mutant was identified as the first photomorphogenetic mutant with the combination of long hypocotyl and albino phenotypes in the light. Phytochrome-Interacting bHLH transcription Factors (PIFs), which are repressors of photomorphogenesis accumulate in darkness and are degraded in the light in a phytochrome-dependent manner. Two PIFs, PIF1 and PIF3 accumulated in the light in hmr mutants. In order to determine the gene expression of PIF-dependent genes in hmr mutants in the light, we have performed whole-genome expression analysis on two hmr mutants: a null allele, hmr-5; and a weak allele, hmr-22. Wild-type (Col-0) and hmr mutant seeds were surface-sterilized and plated on half-strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) growth medium without sucrose. The seeds were stratified in the dark at 4ºC for 4d. Seedlings were grown in constant red light (Rc, 10?mol/m2/s) at 21°C for 4d.

2014-06-01 | E-GEOD-43311 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Central clock components modulate plant shade avoidance by directly repressing transcriptional activation activity of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORS

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2020-09-01 | GSE136843 | GEO

Expression data from epidermis specific phytochrome B or global phytochrome B line comparing to phyB-9 mutant.

Project description:Seedling hypocotyls display negative gravitropism in the dark but agravitropism in the light. The Arabidopsis thaliana pif quadruple mutant (pifQ), which lacks four PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFs), is agravitropic in the dark. Endodermis-specific expression of PIF1 rescues gravitropism in pifQ mutant seedlings. Since phytochromes induce light responses by inhibiting PIFs and the COP1-SPA ubiquitin E3 ligase complex in the nucleus, we asked whether phyB can cell autonomously inhibit hypocotyl negative gravitropism in the endodermis. We found that while epidermis-specific expression of PHYB rescues hypocotyl negative gravitropism and all other phyB mutant phenotypes, endodermis-specific expression of PHYB does not. Epidermal phyB induces the phosphorylation and degradation of endodermal PIFs in response to red light. This induces a global gene expression pattern similar to that induced by red light treatment of seedlings expressing PHYB under the control of its own endogenous promoter. Our results imply that epidermal phyB generates an unidentified mobile signal that travels to the endodermis where it promotes PIF degradation and inhibits hypocotyl negative gravitropism.

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Expression data from Arabidopsis pifq seedlings grown in short days (SD) and in free running (LL) conditions.

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Project description:Light- and Phytochrome-Dependent Regulation of Hypocotyl Elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana

| PRJNA170166 | ENA