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Metabolic and transcriptional changes across osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells

ABSTRACT: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent post-natal stem cells with applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. MSCs can differentiate into osteoblasts, chondrocytes, or adipocytes, with functional differences in cells during osteogenesis accompanied by metabolic changes. The temporal dynamics of these metabolic shifts have not yet been fully characterized and are suspected to be of importance for therapeutic applications, such as osteogenesis optimization. Here, our goal was to characterize the metabolic shifts that occur during osteogenesis. We longitudinally profiled five key extracellular metabolites (glucose, lactate, glutamine, glutamate, and ammonia) from MSCs from four donors to classify osteogenic differentiation into three metabolic stages, defined by changes in the uptake and secretion rates of the metabolites in cell culture media. We used a combination of untargeted metabolomic analysis, targeted analysis of 13C-glucose labelled intracellular data, and RNA-sequencing data to reconstruct the gene regulatory network and further characterize cellular metabolism. The metabolic stages identified in this proof-of-concept study provide a framework for more detailed investigations aimed at identifying biomarkers of osteogenic differentiation and small molecule interventions to optimize MSC differentiation for clinical applications.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE191136 | GEO | 2021/12/20

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The intriThe intricate balance between MSCs differentiation to osteoblasts or adipocytes is finely regulated. To explore novel participating molecules, we screened for early-stage osteogenesis- or adipogenesis-based MSCs protein expression profile using TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis. Protein annotation, hierarchical clustering, functional stratification, and protein-protein association assessments were performed. Moreover, two upregulated proteins, namely, FBLN2 and NPR3, were validated to participate in the osteogenic differentiation process of MSCs. Subsequently, we independently downregulated FBLN2 and NPR3 during 7 days of osteogenic differentiation, and conducted quantitative proteomics analysis to assess the differential protein regulation between knockdown and control cells. Based on gene ontology (GO) and network analyses, FBLN2 deficiency induced functional alterations associated with biological regulation and stimulus response, whereas, NPR3 deficiency induced functional alterations related to cellular and metabolic processes, and so on. These results demonstrated that proteomics is still an effective tool for the comprehensive exploration of the MSCs differentiation process. cate balance between MSCs differentiation to osteoblasts or adipocytes is finely regulated. To explore novel participating molecules, we screened for early-stage osteogenesis- or adipogenesis-based MSCs protein expression profile using TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis. Protein annotation, hierarchical clustering, functional stratification, and protein-protein association assessments were performed. Moreover, two upregulated proteins, namely, FBLN2 and NPR3, were validated to participate in the osteogenic differentiation process of MSCs. Subsequently, we independently downregulated FBLN2 and NPR3 during 7 days of osteogenic differentiation, and conducted quantitative proteomics analysis to assess the differential protein regulation between knockdown and control cells. Based on gene ontology (GO) and network analyses, FBLN2 deficiency induced functional alterations associated with biological regulation and stimulus response, whereas, NPR3 deficiency induced functional alterations related to cellular and metabolic processes, and so on. These results demonstrated that proteomics is still an effective tool for the comprehensive exploration of the MSCs differentiation process.

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Metabolic and transcriptional changes across osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells

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