Transcriptional profiling of luteinising hormone receptor deficient mice before and after testosterone treatment
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE19453 | GEO | 2009/12/14
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA120315
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Evidence that persistent environmental pollutants may target the male reproductive system is increasing. The male reproductive system is regulated by secretion of testosterone by testicular Leydig cells, and perturbation of Leydig cells function may have ultimate consequences. 3-methylsulfonyl-DDE (3-MeSO2-DDE) is a potent adrenal toxicants formed from the persistent insecticide DDT. Although studies have revealed endocrine disruptive effect of 3-MeSO2-DDE, the underlying mechanisms at cellular level in steroidogenic Leydig cells remains to be established. The current study addresses the effect of 3-MeSO2-DDE viability, hormone production and proteome response of primary neonatal porcine Leydig cells. The AlamarBlue™ assay was used to evaluate cell viability. Solid phase radioimmunoassay was used to measure concentration of hormones produced by both unstimulated and luteinizing hormone (LH)-stimulated Leydig cells following 48 h exposure. Protein samples from Leydig cells exposed to a non-cytotoxic concentration of 3-MeSO2-DDE (10µM) were subjected to nano-LC-MS/MS and analyzed on a Q Exactive mass spectrometer and quantified using label-free quantitative algorithm. Gene Ontology (GO) and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) were carried out for functional annotation and identification of protein interaction networks. 3-MeSO2-DDE regulated Leydig cell steroidogenesis differentially depending on cell culture condition. Whereas its effect on testosterone secretion at basal condition was stimulatory, the effect on LH-stimulated cells was inhibitory. From triplicate experiments, a total of 7540 proteins were identified in which the abundance of 87 proteins in unstimulated Leydig cells and 146 proteins in LH-stimulated Leydig cells were found to be significantly regulated in response to 3-MeSO2-DDE exposure. These proteins not only are the first reported in relation to 3-MeSO2-DDE exposure, but also display small number of proteins shared between culture conditions, suggesting the action of 3-MeSO2-DDE on several targeted pathways, including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative phosphorylation, EIF2-signaling, and glutathion-mediated detoxification. Further identification and characterization of these proteins and pathways may build our understanding to the molecular basis of 3-MeSO2-DDE induced endocrine disruption in Leydig cells.
2016-01-05 | PXD003165 | Pride
Project description:Although testosterone deficiency (TD) may be present in 1 out of 5 men 40 years or older, the factors responsible for TD remain largely unknown. Leydig stem cells (LSCs) differentiate into adult Leydig cells (ALC) and produce testosterone in the testes under the pulsatile control of luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland. However, recent studies have suggested that the testicular microenvironment (TME), which is comprised of Sertoli and peritubular myoid cells (PMC), plays an instrumental role in LSC differentiation and testosterone production under the regulation of the desert hedgehog signaling pathway (DHH). It was hypothesized that TME releases paracrine factors to modulate LSC differentiation. For this purpose, cells (Sertoli, PMCs, LSCs and ALCs) were extracted from men undergoing testis biopsies for sperm retrieval and were evaluated for the paracrine factors in the presence or absence of TME (Sertoli and PMC). The results demonstrated that TME secretes leptin which induces LSC differentiation and increases T production. Leptin’s effects on LSC differentiation and T production, however, are inversely concentration-dependent: positive at low doses and negative at higher doses. Mechanistically, leptin acts on LSCs upstream of DHH; leptin-DHH regulation functions unidirectionally insofar as DHH gain or loss of function has no effects on leptin levels. Taken together, these findings identify leptin as a key paracrine factor released by cells within the TME that modulates LSC differentiation and testosterone release from mature Leydig cells, a finding with important clinical implications for TD.
2022-02-17 | GSE196702 | GEO
Project description:Steroid hormones regulate essential physiological processes and inadequate levels are associated with various pathological conditions. In testosterone-producing Leydig cells, steroidogenesis is strongly stimulated by LH via its receptor leading to increased cAMP production and expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory (STAR) protein, which is essential for the initiation of steroidogenesis. Leydig cell steroidogenesis then passively decreases following the rapid degradation of cAMP into AMP by phosphodiesterases. In this study, we show that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is activated following cAMP breakdown in MA-10 and MLTC-1 Leydig cells. Activated AMPK then actively inhibits cAMP-induced steroidogenesis by repressing the expression of key regulators of steroidogenesis including Star and Nr4a1. Similar results were obtained in Y-1 adrenal cells and in the constitutive steroidogenic cell line R2C. Our data identify AMPK as an active repressor of steroid hormone biosynthesis in steroidogenic cells that is essential to preserve cellular energy and prevent excess steroid production. Steroid hormones regulate essential physiological processes and inadequate levels are associated with various pathological conditions. In testosterone-producing Leydig cells, steroidogenesis is strongly stimulated by LH via its receptor leading to increased cAMP production and expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory (STAR) protein, which is essential for the initiation of steroidogenesis. Leydig cell steroidogenesis then passively decreases following the rapid degradation of cAMP into AMP by phosphodiesterases. In this study, we show that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is activated following cAMP breakdown in MA-10 and MLTC-1 Leydig cells. Activated AMPK then actively inhibits cAMP-induced steroidogenesis by repressing the expression of key regulators of steroidogenesis including Star and Nr4a1. Similar results were obtained in Y-1 adrenal cells and in the constitutive steroidogenic cell line R2C. Our data identify AMPK as an active repressor of steroid hormone biosynthesis in steroidogenic cells that is essential to preserve cellular energy and prevent excess steroid production. MA-10 Leydig cells were treated with either DMSO (control), 10 uM forskolin or forskolin+Aicar (1 mM) for 1.5 h before total RNA extraction
2014-08-19 | E-GEOD-50118 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The specific role of polyamines in the testis physiology is not fully understood. Antizymes (OAZs) and antizyme inhibitors (AZINs) are modulators of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis and polyamine uptake. Although the three known OAZs are expressed in the testis, only OAZ3 is testis specific and has been proven to have an essential role in male fertility. Regarding the two existing AZINs, AZIN2 is the most abundantly expressed member in this gonad. Whereas previous studies suggested that AZIN2 might participate in mouse spermatogenesis, immunohistological analysis of human testicular sections revealed that AZIN2 is also detected in the steroidogenic Leydig cells but not in the germinal epithelium. In the present study, we found a close ontogenic similarity in the mRNA levels of OAZs and AZINs between mice and rats, but an opposite expression pattern of ODC activity. Further analysis of AZIN2 and OAZ3 in the testis of mice with different alterations in spermatogenesis and fertility, induced either genetically or pharmacologically, corroborated that both AZIN2 and OAZ3 are mainly expressed in the haploid germinal cells. Finally, by using transgenic mice with a truncated Azin2 gene fused to the bacterial lacZ gene, we studied the expression of Azin2 in testes, epididymides and spermatozoa. AZIN2 was detected in spermatids and spermatozoa, as well as in Leydig cells, and in epithelial epidydimal cells. Azin2 knock-out male mice were fertile; however, they showed marked decreases in testicular putrescine and plasma and testicular testosterone levels, and a dramatic reduction in the sperm motility. These results suggest an important role for AZIN2 in testicular cells by modulating polyamine concentrations, testosterone synthesis and sperm function. Overall, our data corroborate the relevance of polyamine regulation in spermatogenesis, where both AZIN2 and OAZ3 play fundamental roles. We used microarrays in order to detect how the disruption of Azin2 could affect overall gene expression in testis.
2018-10-20 | GSE121518 | GEO
Project description:Analysis of Sertoli and Leydig cell “translatome” utilizing an in vivo ribosome tagging strategy (RiboTag) that allows a detailed and physiologically relevant characterization of the polysome-associated mRNAs in vivo. Although progress has been made in the identification of specific transcripts that are translated in Sertoli and Leydig cells and their response to hormones, efforts to expand these studies have been restricted by technical hurdles. Our analysis identified all previously characterized Leydig and Sertoli cell-specific markers and identified in a comprehensive manner novel markers of Leydig and Sertoli cells; the translational response of these two cell types to gonadotropins or testosterone was also investigated. Leydig cell-specific (Cyp17iCre: RiboTag) and Sertoli cell-specific (AMH-Cre: RiboTag) RiboTag mice were obtained by crossing RiboTag homozygous mice with Cyp17iCre or AMH-Cre mice. For in vivo LH treatment experiments, mice were injected with the GnRH antagonist acyline for 4 days before a single injection of purified human LH. After treatment, testes were homogenized and polysomes were immunoprecipitated by utilizing an anti-HA antibody. RNA was extracted, labelled, and hybridized to Mouse Gene ST 1.0 arrays.
2013-04-06 | E-GEOD-45799 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Agilent's whole genome microarray platform was used to profile differentially expressed genes induced upon testosterone treatment of testicular myoid peritubular cells isolated from adult rat testes.
2020-07-06 | GSE83308 | GEO
Project description:Steroid hormones regulate essential physiological processes and inadequate levels are associated with various pathological conditions. In testosterone-producing Leydig cells, steroidogenesis is strongly stimulated by LH via its receptor leading to increased cAMP production and expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory (STAR) protein, which is essential for the initiation of steroidogenesis. Leydig cell steroidogenesis then passively decreases following the rapid degradation of cAMP into AMP by phosphodiesterases. In this study, we show that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is activated following cAMP breakdown in MA-10 and MLTC-1 Leydig cells. Activated AMPK then actively inhibits cAMP-induced steroidogenesis by repressing the expression of key regulators of steroidogenesis including Star and Nr4a1. Similar results were obtained in Y-1 adrenal cells and in the constitutive steroidogenic cell line R2C. Our data identify AMPK as an active repressor of steroid hormone biosynthesis in steroidogenic cells that is essential to preserve cellular energy and prevent excess steroid production. Steroid hormones regulate essential physiological processes and inadequate levels are associated with various pathological conditions. In testosterone-producing Leydig cells, steroidogenesis is strongly stimulated by LH via its receptor leading to increased cAMP production and expression of the steroidogenic acute regulatory (STAR) protein, which is essential for the initiation of steroidogenesis. Leydig cell steroidogenesis then passively decreases following the rapid degradation of cAMP into AMP by phosphodiesterases. In this study, we show that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is activated following cAMP breakdown in MA-10 and MLTC-1 Leydig cells. Activated AMPK then actively inhibits cAMP-induced steroidogenesis by repressing the expression of key regulators of steroidogenesis including Star and Nr4a1. Similar results were obtained in Y-1 adrenal cells and in the constitutive steroidogenic cell line R2C. Our data identify AMPK as an active repressor of steroid hormone biosynthesis in steroidogenic cells that is essential to preserve cellular energy and prevent excess steroid production.
2014-08-19 | GSE50118 | GEO
Project description:Optimal androgen signaling is critical for testicular development and spermatogenesis. Methoxyacetic acid (MAA), the primary active metabolite of the industrial chemical ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, disrupts spermatogenesis and causes testicular atrophy. Transcriptional trans-activation studies have indicated that MAA can enhance androgen receptor activity, however, whether MAA actually impacts the expression of androgen-responsive genes in vivo, and which genes might be affected is not known. A mouse TM3 Leydig cell line that stably expresses androgen receptor (TM3-AR) was prepared and analyzed by transcriptional profiling to identify target gene interactions between MAA and testosterone on a global scale. MAA is shown to have widespread effects on androgen-responsive genes, affecting processes ranging from apoptosis to ion transport, cell adhesion, phosphorylation and transcription, with MAA able to enhance, as well as antagonize, androgenic responses. Moreover, testosterone is shown to exert both positive and negative effects on MAA gene responses. Motif analysis indicated that binding sites for FOX, HOX, LEF/TCF, STAT5 and MEF2 family transcription factors are among the most highly enriched in genes regulated by testosterone and MAA. Notably, 65 FOXO targets were repressed by testosterone or showed repression enhanced by MAA when combined with testosterone; these include 16 genes associated with developmental processes, six of which are Hox genes. These findings highlight the complex interactions between testosterone and MAA, and provide insight into the effects of MAA exposure on androgen-dependent processes in a Leydig cell model. TM3-AR cells (see below) were grown in DMEM-F12 medium containing 5% horse serum and 2.5% FBS. LNCaP cells were maintained in RPMI 1640 containing 10% FBS. RNA was isolated using TRIzol reagent using the manufacturer’s protocol.
2011-04-07 | E-GEOD-27410 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:With increasing age and the additional impact from the bowel cancer and the chemotherapy and/ or radiotherapy it has been described that testosterone (a male hormone produced naturally in the body) levels are reduced. Testosterone has an impact on numerous body functions including the muscle mass and quality. Previous studies have identified that muscle mass is reduced as a result of ageing but also because of the deleterious effect of cancer and chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. There is growing evidence from published studies that patients with better muscle mass and quality, do better after surgery. Mr Jenkins and his team are therefore looking at ways, the investigators can try and prevent or reduce this muscle loss and therefore improve patient outcomes.
The aim of this study is to assess whether using testosterone replacement therapy in the form of a topically applied gel daily for a total of 12 weeks, is feasible and acceptable by the patients who are diagnosed with colorectal cancer and are waiting to undergo surgery. The investigators will also collect information related to the testosterone replacement therapy such as questionnaires on the quality of life, fatigue and muscle mass, and blood biomarker changes in the blood.
| 2729656 | ecrin-mdr-crc
Project description:This study aimed to investigate the direct mechanism(s) of action ofMono-(Ethyl-Hexyl) phthalate (MEHP) on the rat fetal testis with particular emphasis to Leydig cell steroidogenesis, by means of an in vitro system based on culture for 3 days of fetal testes from 14.5 days post-coïtum old rats. We first confirmed that an exposure to MEHP led to a dose-dependent decrease of testosterone and demonstrated that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) production was also inhibited. We then demonstrated that in 10µM MEHP-exposed testis basal 17alpha-hydroxy-progesterone (17OHP) production was increased (+40%) while androstenedione levels decreased (-55%). Furthermore, the addition of the latter steroid but none of the other precursors rescued testosterone thus establishing further that MEHP specifically blocked steroidogenesis at the level of the 17,20 lyase activity of the P450c17 enzyme (CYP17), which converts 17OHP to androstenedione. Furthermore and accordingly, both levels of testicular CYP17 protein (western blot) and cyp17a1 gene (qPCR, microarrays) were found to decrease under MEHP exposure. The microarray analysis also showed that among the few other testicular genes cyp17a1 whose expression was inhibited by MEHP were the genes encoding for the Leydig cell insulin-like peptid 3 (INSL3), involved in the control of testicular descent, and for inhibin A (INHA), that regulates follicular-stimulating hormone secretion.Under in vitro conditions where MEHP is not metabolized and remains at low intratesticular concentration, our findings show in particular that this phthalate directly inhibits several important Leydig cell factors involved in testis development and function. Transcription profiling of rat fetal testes explants, vehicle or monoethylhexylphthalate (MEHP)-treated (1uM, 10uM) 3 condition experiment, 1-3 biological replicates per treatment. 2 technical replicates per sample.
2011-06-01 | E-GEOD-22218 | biostudies-arrayexpress