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Single-Cell Transcriptomic and Chromatin Accessibility Atlas of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Reveals Immune Cell Heterogeneity and Breed- Specific Characteristics in Duroc and Meishan Pigs

ABSTRACT: In this study, we applied scRNA-Seq to profile the PBMCs from Meishan and Duroc pigs which are two strains with distinctive immune traits, and applied scATAC-Seq to Duroc PBMCs. We expect this study will improve the understanding about the immune heterogeneity and inter-breed immune variations in pigs, and reveal novel immune cell populations, immune genes and regulators that would facilitate future biomedical studies. MS(Meishan pig); DR(Duroc pig).

ORGANISM(S): Sus scrofa

PROVIDER: GSE196044 | GEO | 2026/04/07

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Litter size in pigs is a major factor affecting the profitability in the pig industry. The peri-implantation window in pigs is characterized by the coordinated interactions between the maternal uterine endometrium and the rapidly elongating conceptuses and represents a period of time during which a large percentage of the developing conceptuses are lost. However, the gene expression and regulatory networks in the endometrium contributing to the establishment of the maternal: placental interface remain poorly understood. RESULTS: We characterized the endometrial gene expression profile during the peri-implantation stage of development by comparing two breeds that demonstrate very different reproductive efficiencies. We employed the porcine Affymetrix GeneChip® to assay the transcriptomic profiles of genes expressed in the uterine endometrium obtained from Meishan and Yorkshire gilts (n = 4 for each breed) on day 12 of gestation (M12 and Y12, respectively). Total of 17,076 probesets were identified as "present" in at least two arrays. A mixed model-based statistical analysis predicted a total of 2,656 (q < 0.1) transcripts as differentially expressed between Meishan and Yorkshire pigs. Eighteen differentially expressed transcripts of interest were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Gene ontology (GO) annotation revealed that the known functions of the differentially expressed genes were involved in a series of important biological processes relevant to early pregnancy establishment in the pig. CONCLUSIONS: The results identified endometrial gene expression profiles of two breeds differing in litter size and identified candidate genes that are related to known physiological pathways related to reproductive prolificacy. These findings provide a deeper understanding of molecular pathways differing between two breeds at the critical peri-implantation stage of pregnancy, which can be utilized to better understand the events contributing to pregnancy establishment in the pig. Meishan and Yorkshire breeds endometirum were selected and RNA been extracted and hybridized to the Affymetrix microarray. A number of genes have been shown differently expressed on two breeds.

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Single-Cell Transcriptomic and Chromatin Accessibility Atlas of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Reveals Immune Cell Heterogeneity and Breed- Specific Characteristics in Duroc and Meishan Pigs

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