The multifaceted role of GCM1 during trophoblast differentiation in the human placenta
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE196259 | GEO | 2022/10/22
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:To better understand how DNA methylation influences placentation, DNA from first trimester primary trophoblast populations (side-population trophoblasts, cytotrophoblasts and extravillous trophoblasts) isolated using FACS underwent reduced representation bisulfite sequencing and were compared to publicly available data of blastocyst-derived and somatic cell populations.
2018-12-25 | GSE109682 | GEO
Project description:In this work, we have isolated a Hoescht side-population of trophoblasts from first trimester human placentae that cluster separately from more differentiated trophoblast populations, and have a transcriptomic profile indicative of a stem cell population. Hoescht side-population cells were compared in quintuplicate with extravillous trophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts extracted from the same placentae, giving a total of 15 samples.
2015-11-03 | E-GEOD-57834 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We report the transcriptional analysis of induced trophoblast stem cells (iTSCs) and their derived plancenta subtypes including syncytiotrophoblasts (STs) and extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs).
2020-05-15 | GSE150616 | GEO
Project description:The goal of this study was to identify the gene expression signatures of two closely related types of trophoblast in human placentas: villous cytotrophoblasts (vCTB) and proximal column extravillous trophoblasts (pcEVT). The two populations were isolated from first trimester placentas and identified using the specific surface markers, EGFR (vCTB) and HLA-G (pcEVT).
2017-02-01 | GSE80996 | GEO
Project description:Invasive extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) of the human placenta are critically involved in successful pregnancy outcome since they remodel the uterine spiral arteries to increase blood flow and oxygen delivery to the placenta and the developing fetus. To gain more insights into their biological role different primary cell culture models are commonly utilised. However, access to early placental tissue may be limited and primary trophoblasts rapidly cease proliferation in vitro impairing genetic manipulation. Hence, trophoblastic cell lines have been widely used as surrogates to study EVT function. Although the cell lines share some molecular marker expression with their primary counterpart, it is unknown to what extent they recapture the invasive phenotype of EVT. Therefore, we here report the first thorough GeneChip analyses of SGHPL-5, HTR-8/SVneo, BeWo, JEG-3 and the novel ACH-3P trophoblast cells in comparison to previously analysed primary villous cytrophoblasts and extravillous trophoblasts. To identify EVT-specific gene expression signatures in trophoblast cell lines, we calcuted differentially expressed genes between pre-defined groups based on the distinct origins of the five trophoblast cell lines under investigation. Comparison 1 comprised EVT, HTR-8/Svneo and SGHPL-5 vs choriocarcinoma cells (ACH-3P, BeWo, JEG-3). Comparison 2 comprised EVT, ACH-3P, BeWo, JEG-3 vs extravillous trophoblast cell lines (HTR-8/SVneo, SGHPL-5).
2010-09-23 | E-GEOD-20510 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Zika virus (ZIKV) infection of maternal and placental cells at the maternal-fetal interface is associated with a spectrum of adverse pregnancy outcomes including fetal demise and pregnancy loss. Trophoblast cell types that comprise the placenta include cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts (STs), and extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs). To determine which trophoblast cells are permissive to ZIKV and to understand how infection impacts cellular gene expression, we utilized a macaque in vitro trophoblast stem cell (TSC) model. TSCs were derived from primary cytotrophoblasts and represent a proliferative trophoblast that can be differentiated into STs and EVTs. TSCs and ST3Ds (STs grown in suspension) were highly permissive to infection with ZIKV strain DAK AR 41524, whereas EVTs maintained a level of resistance to productive infection. The impact of ZIKV on cellular gene expression was determined by transcriptomic and miRNAome analysis. Infection of TSCs and ST3Ds results in increased expression of immune related genes, including those in the type I and type III interferon response. ZIKV exposure impacts EV protein, mRNA, and miRNA cargo, regardless of productive infection. Altogether, these findings suggest TSCs and STs of the macaque are permissive to ZIKV infection and that EV analysis has the potential to identify ZIKV infection. These findings provide a foundation for further ZIKV study and allow for potential ZIKV infection biomarker identification in a highly translational model.
2022-01-01 | GSE185113 | GEO
Project description:We compare two groups of transcriptome profiles. They are 1) primary human trophoblasts (PHT) and 2) syncytiotrophoblast from human pluripotent stem cells. This data set represents the former data set and the latter has been deposited separately at GSE72712. Primary human trophoblasts (PHT) were purified cytotrophoblast populations from whole term placentas and then cultured in vitro. The cytotrophoblasts were cultured for short (9 h) or long (48 h) term that show undifferentiated (PHTu) or differentiated (PHTd) phenotype that led syncytialization, respectively. Transcriptome profiles of PHTu and PHTd were compared with three size fractioned syncytiotrophoblasts and trophoblasts from human pluripotent stem cells that are named ESCd_gt70 (greater than 70 µm), ESCd_40-70 (size between 40 and 70 µm), ESCd_lt40 (smaller than 40 µm) and undifferentiated progenitor (ESCu; see GSE72712). Primary human trophoblasts (PHT) were derived and cultured from three term human placentas obtained by the Obstetrical Specimen Procurement Unit from women after a healthy pregnancy, labor, and delivery at Magee-Womens Hospital of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. Isolated PHT lines obtained from three individual (1 female and 2 male) placentas were cultured separately.
2016-04-06 | E-GEOD-73016 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Purpose: To understand the regulatiory mechanisms of trophoblast stemness and differentiation gene expression. Methods: Three trophoblast stem cell lines were derived from individual term placnta, TSTerm #1 and TSTerm #2 TSTerm #3. The three TSTerm cell lines were differentiated into syncytiotrophoblasts (STB：ST-TSTerm #1, ST-TSTerm #2, and ST-TSTerm #3) and extravillous trophoblasts (EVT：EVT-TSTerm #1, EVT-TSTerm #2 and EVT-TSTerm #3). TS#1GCM1-KO cell line was derived from TSTerm #1 cells by depletion of GCM1 gene. ST-TS#1GCM1-KO cells were differentiated from TS#1GCM1-KO cells. Additionally, CTBTerm #1, CTBTerm #2, and CTBTerm #3 were isolated from individual placentae. The mRNA profiles of tatal fourteen samples as mentioned above were generated by sequencing, using NovaSeq Sequencing System. The raw data were analyzed by CLC Genomics Workbench v10. Conclusion: We elucidated reciprocal regulation of trophoblast stemness and differentiation gene expression, which facilitated the derivation of TS cells from term placentas.
2021-12-21 | GSE158901 | GEO
Project description:Placental trophoblasts have been detected in cervical smears early in gestation, creating opportunities for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis. However, trophoblast isolation is limited by the lack of a cell catalogue and molecular profile of cervical smears. To establish an atlas and to explore the potential of single-cell RNA-sequencing to detect cervical trophoblasts, 10,539 single-cell transcriptomes from 12 non-invasive exocervical smears from pregnant women were profiled. In addition, we characterized 34,565 cells from six placental biopsies. We uncovered a novel extravillous trophoblast cell subtype characterized by epithelial marker genes and reduced HLA-G expression. Integration of both cell atlases demonstrated surprisingly similar expression profiles between maternal epithelial cells and placental extravillous trophoblasts, indicating that these trophoblasts retained epithelial properties without an invasive mesenchymal phenotype. Additionally, differential expression analysis identified novel markers discriminating cervical and placental cell types. Those analyses may contribute to trophoblast discovery and isolation from cervical smears.
| EGAS00001007044 | EGA
Project description:Difficulties associated with long term culture of primary trophoblasts have proven to be a major hurdle in their functional characterization. In order to circumvent this issue, several model cell lines have been established over many years using a variety of different approaches. Due to their differing origins, gene expression profiles, and behavior in vitro, different model lines have been utilized to investigate specific aspects of trophoblast biology. However, generally speaking, the molecular mechanisms underlying functional differences remain unclear. In this study, we profiled genome-scale DNA methylation in primary first trimester trophoblast cells and seven commonly used trophoblast-derived cell lines in an attempt to identify functional pathways differentially regulated by epigenetic modification in these cells. We identified a general increase in DNA promoter methylation levels in four choriocarcinoma (CCA)-derived lines and transformed HTR-8/SVneo cells, including hypermethylation of several genes regularly seen in human cancers, while other differences in methylation were noted in genes linked to immune responsiveness, cell morphology, development and migration across the different cell populations. Interestingly, CCA-derived lines show an overall methylation profile more similar to unrelated solid cancers than to untransformed trophoblasts, highlighting the role of aberrant DNA methylation in CCA development and/or long term culturing. Comparison of DNA methylation and gene expression in CCA lines and cytotrophoblasts revealed a significant contribution of DNA methylation to overall expression profile. These data highlight the variability in epigenetic state between primary trophoblasts and cell models in pathways underpinning a wide range of cell functions, providing valuable candidate pathways for future functional investigation in different cell populations. This study also confirms the need for caution in the interpretation of data generated from manipulation of such pathways in vitro. Purified primary trophoblast populations and trophoblast-derived cell lines were used
2011-01-20 | E-GEOD-26683 | biostudies-arrayexpress