Influence of form of Se supplementation and tall fescue endophyte toxicity on the adrenal gland transcriptome of grazing beef steers
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus
PROVIDER: GSE198583 | GEO | 2022/03/17
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:To test the hypothesis that average daily gain (ADG) and clinical parameters of steers grazing novel non-toxic (NTE) or toxic KY-31 (TE) endophyte-infected tall fescue would be improved by ad libitum intake of vitamin-mineral mixes (V-M) that contain 27 ppm Se as a 1:1 blend of SELPLEX:sodium selenite (MIX) vs. sodium selenite (ISe), 32 fescue-naïve beef steers depleted of Se were randomly assigned to ad libitum consumption ISe vs MIX for 35 d and fed enough of a NTE/alfalfa/grain diet to achieve 0.57 kg BW gain/d. Within Se-form treatments, 2 steers were randomly assigned to each of 4 NTE (ISe = 316 ± 31 kg, MIX = 315 ± 22 kg) or TE (ISe = 316 ± 37 kg, MIX = 314 ± 39 kg) paddocks for 84 d and had ad libitum access to their respective V-M. Steers were slaughtered over a 23-d period from day 90 to day 113 (August 27, 2019 to September 19, 2019) of the study and the left kidney removed.
2022-03-17 | GSE198584 | GEO
Project description:The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that sodium selenite (ISe), SEL-PLEX (OSe), vs. a 1:1 blend (MIX) of ISe and OSe in a basal vitamin-mineral (VM) mix would differetianlly alter hepatic transcriptome profiles in growing beef steers commonly grazing an endophyte-infected tall fescue (E+) pasture. Predominately-Angus steers (BW = 183 ± 34 kg) were randomly selected from herds of fall-calving cows grazing E+ pasture and consuming VM mixes that contained 35 ppm Se as ISe, OSe, and MIX forms. Steers were weaned, depleted of Se for 98 d, and subjected to summer-long common grazing of an E+ pasture (0.51 ppm total ergovaline per ergovalinine; 10.1 ha). Steers were assigned (n = 8 per treatment) to the same Se-form treatments upon which they were raised. Selenium treatments were administered by daily top-dressing 85 g of VM mix onto 0.23 kg soyhulls, using in-pasture Calan gates. We collected liver samples and examined for changes in global expression pattern by microarray analysis.
2018-07-13 | GSE115802 | GEO
Project description:The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that sodium selenite (ISe), SEL-PLEX (OSe), vs. a 1:1 blend (MIX) of ISe and OSe in a basal vitamin-mineral (VM) mix would differetianlly alter pituitary transcriptome profiles in growing beef steers commonly grazing an endophyte-infected tall fescue pasture. Predominately-Angus steers (BW = 183 ± 34 kg) were randomly selected from herds of fall-calving cows grazing E+ pasture and consuming VM mixes that contained 35 ppm Se as ISe, OSe, and MIX forms. Steers were weaned, depleted of Se for 98 d, and subjected to summer-long common grazing of an E+ pasture (0.51 ppm total ergovaline per ergovalinine; 10.1 ha). Steers were assigned (n = 8 per treatment) to the same Se-form treatments upon which they were raised. Selenium treatments were administered by daily top-dressing 85 g of VM mix onto 0.23 kg soyhulls, using in-pasture Calan gates. We collected pituitary samples and examine for changes in global expression pattern by microarray analysis.
2018-05-25 | GSE114893 | GEO
Project description:The goal of this study was to test the hypothesis that sodium selenite (ISe) vs. a 1:1 blend (MIX) of ISe and SEL-PLEX in a basal vitamin-mineral (VM) mix would differentially alter corpora lutea transcriptome profiles in non-lactating beef cows. Predominately-Angus cows were randomly selected from herds of fall-calving cows consuming VM mixes that contained 35 ppm Se as ISe and MIX forms. Cows were depleted of Se for 45 d followed by a 45 d repletion period with ISe to bring all cows to Se adequate status. Cows were then randomly assigned to treatment (ISe, n=5; or MIX, n=5) with treatments administered for at least 90 days using in-pasture Calan gates. Corpora lutea samples were then collected on Day 7 post-estrus and examined for changes in global expression patterns by microarray analysis.
2022-06-01 | GSE190092 | GEO
Project description:Little is known regarding the relationship between Selenium (Se) concentrations in the liver and liver gene expression. Because most cow-calf operations in Se-poor soils provide enough Se in mineral mixes to avoid deficiency, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of 4 Se form supplementation strategies (none or inorganic, organic, or 1:1 inorganic:organic mix) on liver gene expression profiles using a Se-adequate model. Microarray analysis was conducted using the custom WT Btau 4.0 Array (version 1; GeneChip, Affymetrix, Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA) to determine if dietary Se supplementation form differentially affects the hepatic gene expression profiles of maturing beef heifers. Sodium selenite was used as the source of inorganic Se and Se-enriched yeast was the source of organic selenium. Thirty-six Angus heifers (BW 400 ± 9.0 kg) were ranked on the Se concentration of their biopsied (day -14) liver sample and randomly assigned to one of four dietary Se treatments: Control (Ctrl) group received no exogenous dietary Se supplementation; inorganic (ISe) treatment group received daily dietary Se supplementation at 3 mg/ animal of the ISe form; organic (OSe) treatment group received daily dietary Se supplementation of 3 mg/ animal of OSe form; and the mix (1:1 ISe:OSe) received daily dietary Se supplementation of 3 mg/ animal of 50:50 mix of ISe and OSe forms. RNA was extracted from biopsied liver samples taken 168 days after initiation of Se supplementation and microarray analyses were conducted.
2013-06-01 | E-GEOD-44680 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In many parts of the US, selenium (Se)-deficient soils dictate the necessity of supplementing this trace mineral directly to the diet of cattle, with the form of Se supplied known to affect tissue-level gene expression profiles and presumably function. Because a deficiency of Se will reduce fertility, including reduced biosynthesis of testosterone by the testis and an increased frequency of abnormalities in mature spermatozoa, we hypothesized that the form of Se supplemented to cows during gestation would affect the transcriptome of the neonatal bull calf testis. Microarray analysis using the Bovine gene 1.0 ST array (GeneChip; Affymetrix, Inc., Santa Clara, CA) was conducted to determine whether gestational form of supplemental Se affected gene expression profiles in the testis. GeneChip transcript annotations were last updated in January 2013 using the annotation update release 33 from the NetAffx annotation database. Twenty-four Angus cross cows were assigned randomly (n=8) to individual ad libitum intake of a common vitamin-mineral mix that contained 35 ppm of Se supplied as either inorganic (ISe, sodium selenite; Prince Se Concentrate, Prince Agri Products, Inc., Quincy, IL), organic (OSe, Sel-Plex; Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY), or a 50/50 mix of ISe/OSe (Mix) Se for 4 months prior to breeding and throughout gestation. Cows were managed under a fall-calving, forage-based, cow-calf production regimen at the University of Kentucky Princeton Research and Education Center. Testis tissue (ISe n=5; OSe n=4; Mix n=4) was collected within 2 days of birth, and RNA extracted for microarray analysis.
2014-10-16 | E-GEOD-62382 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Selenium (Se) is an essential nutrient for beef cattle health and commercial production. The molecular mechanisms responsible for physiological responses of the animal to dietary Se supplementation, however, have not been evaluated. Furthermore, the potential effect of two chemical forms (organic vs. inorganic) of Se on gene expression by Se-sufficient cattle has not been evaluated. Microarray analysis using the GeneChip Bovine Genome Array (Affymetrix, Inc., Santa Clara, CA) was conducted to determine if dietary Se supplementation in organic vs. inorganic form (OSe vs. ISe) differentially affects the liver gene expression profile in growing beef heifers. Sodium selenite (Prince Se Concentrate; Prince Agri Products, Inc., Quincy, IL) was used as the source of ISe form. Se-enriched yeast (Sel-Plex; Alltech, Inc., Nicholasville, KY) was used as the source of OSe form. Thirty Angus heifers (BW 393 ± 9 kg) were randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments (n = 10): Control (Ctrl) group received no dietary Se supplementation; ISe treatment group daily received dietary supplementation of Se at 3 mg/animal from ISe source; OSe treatment group daily received dietary supplementation of Se at 3 mg/animal from OSe source. Six animals were randomly selected from each of 3 treatment groups for RNA extraction and microarray analysis.
2010-04-28 | E-GEOD-19696 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Neotyphodium coenophialum is an endophytic fungus that infects most tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) pastures that are commonly used in animal grazing systems in the United States. Beef cattle grazing such pastures are impaired in health and production performance, resulting in a large economic loss in US food-animal production systems. Based on clinical and biochemical blood analyte profiles, hepatic targeted gene and protein analyses, and hepatic transcriptomic profiling, microarray analysis using the WT Btau 4.0 Array (version 1.0, Affymetrix, Inc., Santa Clara, CA) was conducted to determine if grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures affects pituitary gene expression profiles of growing beef steers. The specific overall hypothesis tested was that grazing high endophyte-infected pasture would alter the pituitary genomic expression profiles of the same growing steers, especially genes involved in production and secretion of prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, and adrenocorticotropic hormone. Sixteen steers were assigned to graze either a low toxic endophyte tall fescue-mixed grass (LE treatment, 5.7 ha, n = 8) or a high toxic endophyte infected tall fescue (HE treatment, 5.7 ha, n = 8) pasture located in the University of Kentucky Agricultural Research Center. All steers had ad libitum access to fresh water, an industry standard mineral-vitamin supplement, and grazed respective pastures for 89 to 105 days. Whole pituitaries were collected for RNA extraction and microarray analysis.
2014-10-23 | E-GEOD-62570 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Neotyphodium coenophialum is an endophytic fungus that infects most tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) pastures that are commonly used in animal grazing systems in the United States. Beef cattle grazing such pastures are impaired in health and production performance, resulting in a large economic loss in US food-animal production systems. Based on the clinical symptoms and laboratory analyses of blood, it was hypothesized that such affected cattle display liver-specific changes in the expression of gene transcripts that are associated with the metabolic enzymes and transporters critical for beef health and performance. Microarray analysis using the GeneChip Bovine Genome Array (Affymetrix, Inc., Santa Clara, CA) was conducted to determine if grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue pastures affects the liver gene expression profiles of growing beef steers. Nineteen steers were assigned to graze either a low toxic endophyte tall fescue-mixed grass (LE treatment, 5.7 ha, n = 9) or a high toxic endophyte infected tall fescue (HE treatment, 5.7 ha, n = 10) pasture located in the University of Kentucky Agricultural Research Center. All steers had ad libitum access to fresh water and an industry standard mineral-vitamin supplement. 88 days grazing on pasture. Approximately 2 g of tissue from the right lobe of the liver of each steer were collected for RNA extraction and microarray analysis.
2010-11-30 | E-GEOD-23894 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Growing ruminants maintained under dietary restriction for extended periods will exhibit compensatory growth when reverted to ad libitum feeding. This period of compensatory growth is associated with increased feed efficiency, lower basal energy requirements, and changes in circulating concentrations of metabolic hormones. To identify genetic mechanisms contributing to these physiological changes, 8 month-old steers were fed either ad libitum (control; n = 6) or 60-70% of intake of control animals (feed-restricted; n=6) for a period of 12 weeks. All steers were then fed ad libitum for the remaining 8 weeks of the experiment (realimentation period). Liver was biopsied from each animal at days -14, +1 and +14 relative to realimentation for RNA extraction and gene expression analysis by microarray hybridization. Steers were assigned randomly to one of two treatment groups, control or feed-restricted, and housed indoors in individual pens. Steers were acclimated to their pens for 5 d prior to starting the experimental treatments. Feed was offered once daily between 0630 and 0930 and orts from the previous day's feeding were collected and weighed to estimate actual intake. Control animals were fed ad libitum throughout the 20-wk experimental period. Feed-restricted steers were offered 60-70% of intake of control animals for 12 wks to target a limited rate of gain of approximately 0.5 kg/d. Restricted steers were then fed ad libitum for the remaining 8 wks of the experiment (realimentation period). During the first 3 d of realimentation, feed offered to both treatment groups was divided into two equal rations to gradually adjust restricted animals to full intake. Water was offered ad libitum throughout the experimental period. Approximately 200 mg of liver tissue was collected from each steer by needle biopsy using a Tru-Cut biopsy needle at -14, +1, +14 d relative to realimentation. Liver samples were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80C until RNA isolation. Total RNA was isolated from 36 liver samples using TRIZOL Reagent (Invitrogen Corp., Carlsbad, CA). Samples were DNase-treated using the TURBO DNA-free kit (Ambion, Inc., Austin, TX) according to manufacturerâ??s instructions, followed by column purification using the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA). Quality and concentration of RNA were assessed using a 2100 Bioanlayzer (Agilent Technologies, Palo Alto, CA) and ND-1000 spectrophotometer (NanoDrop Technologies, Wilmington, DE). Probe labeling, hybridizations of probes to the oligo microarray, and array scanning were performed by the Roche NimbleGen Systems, Inc. Microarray Core Facility in Reykjavik, Iceland according to standard procedures (Madison, WI; http://www.nimblegen.com).
2010-05-19 | E-GEOD-12853 | biostudies-arrayexpress