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Histone deacetylase inhibitor, panobinostat, exerts anti-proliferative effect with partial normalization from aberrant epigenetic states on granulosa cell tumor cell lines

ABSTRACT: The prognosis of the patients with inoperable or advanced granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) is still poor, and therefore it is important to establish a novel treatment strategy. Here we investigated the in vitro effects of a histone deacetylase inhibitor, panobinostat (PS) on two GCT cell lines (KGN and COV434). GCT cell lines were found to be susceptible to PS treatment and it inhibited cell growth mainly by apoptosis. In cell cycle analysis, PS reduced only the ratio of S phase in GCT cell lines. Combined treatment of PS with a deubiquitinase inhibitor, VLX1570 enhanced the expression of p21, cleaved PARP, cleaved caspase-9, heme oxygenase-1, and the acetylation of histone H4 and α-tubulin, leading to an additive anti-proliferative effect on KGN and COV434. The gene set enrichment analysis revealed that PS treatment suppressed DNA replication- or cell cycle-related gene expression which led to chemotherapeutic cell death and in addition, this treatment induced activation of the gene set of adherens junction towards a normalized direction as well as activation of neuron-related gene sets that might imply unexpected differentiation potential due to epigenetic modification by a HDAC inhibitor in KGN cells. Exposure of KGN and COV434 cells to PS increased the expression of E-cadherin, one of the principal regulators associated with adherens junction in quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting analysis. In the present study, we indicate a basis of a novel therapeutic availability of a HDAC inhibitor for the treatment of GCTs and further investigations will be warranted.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE201203 | GEO | 2022/04/22

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Gene knockdown and overexpression of 402C>G FOXL2 in COV434 and KGN cells

Project description:Despite their distinct biology, granulosa cell tumours (GCTs) are treated the same as other ovarian tumours. Intriguingly, a recurring somatic mutation in the transcription factor Forkhead Box L2 (FOXL2) 402C>G has been found in nearly all GCTs examined. This investigation aims to identify the pathogenicity of mutant FOXL2 by studying its altered transcriptional targets. The expression of mutant FOXL2 was reduced in the GCT cell line KGN, and wildtype and mutant FOXL2 were overexpressed in the GCT cell line COV434. Comparisons were made between the transcriptomes of control cells and cells altered by FOXL2 knockdown and overexpression, to detect potential transcriptional targets of mutant FOXL2. Comparisons were made between the transcriptomes of control cells and cells altered by FOXL2 knockdown and overexpression, to detect potential transcriptional targets of mutant FOXL2. Mutant FOXL2 was silenced in KGN cells with the use of siRNA and a non-targetting siRNA control. Wildtype and mutant FOXL2 were overexpressed in COV434 cells with the use of overexpression plasmids and an empty plasmid control. Each experiment was performed in triplicate. Total RNA was harvested at 24h post transfection and hybridised to Affymetrix U133 plus 2.0 arrays.

2012-11-05 | E-GEOD-39890 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene knockdown and overexpression of 402C>G FOXL2 in COV434 and KGN cells

2012-11-05 | GSE39890 | GEO

expression data from pediatric primary intracranial germ cell tumor

Project description:Intracranial pediatric germ cell tumors (GCTs) have different histological differentiations, prognosis and clinical behaviors. Prognosis of patients with germinoma and mature teratoma is good, while patients with other types of GCTs, termed as nongerminomatous malignant germ cell tumors (NGMGCTs), require more extensive drug and irradiation treatment regimen. The mechanisms underlying different prognosis of various GCT subgroups remain elusive. We presented a distinct mRNA profile correlating with GCT histological differentiation and prognosis. 13 central nervous system GCT cases with different histological subtypes are subjected to transcriptome analysis. The histological subtypes are germinoma, mixed GCT of germinoma and mature teratoma , immature teratoma , mixed GCTs of NGMGCTs category, yolk sac tumor, immature teratoma, and embryonal carcinoma.

2010-03-09 | E-GEOD-19348 | biostudies-arrayexpress

microRNA expression data from pediatric primary intracranial germ cell tumor

Project description:Intracranial pediatric germ cell tumors (GCTs) have different histological differentiations, prognosis and clinical behaviors. Prognosis of patients with germinoma and mature teratoma is good, while patients with other types of GCTs, termed as nongerminomatous malignant germ cell tumors (NGMGCTs), require more extensive drug and irradiation treatment regimen. The mechanisms underlying different prognosis of various GCT subgroups remain elusive. We presented the first miRNA profile of pediatric primary intracranial GCTs. 12 central nervous system GCT cases with different histological subtypes are subjected to miRNA expression analysis. The histological subtypes are germinoma, mixed GCT of germinoma and mature teratoma , immature teratoma , mixed GCTs of NGMGCTs category, yolk sac tumor, immature teratoma, and embryonal carcinoma.

2010-05-14 | E-GEOD-19347 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genotyping and analysis of chromosome copy number variation (CNV) from pediatric primary intracranial germ cell tumor

Project description:Intracranial pediatric germ cell tumors (GCTs) have different histological differentiations, prognosis and clinical behaviors. Prognosis of patients with germinoma and mature teratoma is good, while patients with other types of GCTs, termed as nongerminomatous malignant germ cell tumors (NGMGCTs), require more extensive drug and irradiation treatment regimen. The mechanisms underlying different prognosis of various GCT subgroups remain elusive. We presented CNVs correlating with GCTs malignancy and clinical risk. 16 central nervous system GCT cases with different histological subtypes are subjected to genotyping and CNVs analysis. The histological subtypes are germinoma, mixed GCT of germinoma and mature teratoma, immature teratoma, mixed GCTs of NGMGCTs category, yolk sac tumor, immature teratoma, and embryonal carcinoma.

2010-06-24 | E-GEOD-19349 | biostudies-arrayexpress

expression data from pediatric primary intracranial germ cell tumor

2010-02-26 | GSE19348 | GEO

microRNA expression data from pediatric primary intracranial germ cell tumor

2010-02-26 | GSE19347 | GEO

Genotyping and analysis of chromosome copy number variation (CNV) from pediatric primary intracranial germ cell tumor

2010-02-26 | GSE19349 | GEO

Proteomic profiling of cisplatin-resistant and cisplatin-sensitive germ cell tumor cell lines using quantitative mass spectrometry

Project description:Testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs) are the most common malignant solid neoplasms in men between the age of 15 and 40 with an increasing incidence seen over the last four decades. Histologically, type II GCT are divided into seminomas (SEM) and non-seminomatous GCT (NSGCT) according to the WHO. NSGCT comprise distinct subentities, e.g. embry-onal carcinomas (EC), yolk sac tumors, choriocarcinomas and teratomas (TER). The distinction between SEM and NSGCT is important because of varying treatment approaches, treatment responses and patients’ prognosis. The treatment of GCTs primarily comprises a radical inguinal orchiectomy of the affected testis. Subsequent cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy is required in metastatic GCTs. The introduction of cisplatin-based com-bination chemotherapy has led to cure rates of up to 90% even in metastatic disease stages. Teratomas are of particular interest, as they are uniformly cisplatin-resistant and sur-gery is the only successful therapy. The number of patients with recurring disease that finally fail several lines of platinum-based chemotherapy is about 3-5% of all GCT patients and about 15% of patients with primary metastatic disease, but they have an exceptionally poor prognosis with a life-expectancy of only a few months. In this study, we compared cisplatin-resistant and cisplatin-sensitive cell lineages of pluripotent NTERA-2 and NCCIT as well as the nullipotent 2102EP cells (with NCCIT deriving from a TP53 mutated mixed mediastinal GCT) by high-resolution mass spectrometric analy-sis (MS) combined with stable isotope labelling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC). The NTERA-2 and NCCIT cell lines represent EC, which can develop in all other types of NSGCT. Both cell lines represent a very well-studied in vitro model for NSGCTs.

2022-04-01 | PXD030251 | Pride

ARID1A regulates transcription and the epigenetic landscape via POLE and DMAP1 while ARID1A deficiency or pharmacological inhibition sensitizes germ cell tumor cells to ATR inhibition

Project description:Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are the most common solid malignancies in young men. Although high cure rates can be achieved at early stages, metastases, resistance to cisplatin-based therapy, and late toxicities still represent a lethal threat, arguing for the need of new therapeutic options. In a previous study, we identified downregulation of the chromatin-remodeling SWI/SNF complex member ARID1A as a key event in the mode of action of the histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin, subsequently leading to induction of stress, apoptosis and cell cycle regulators. Additionally, ARID1A is mutated in many different tumor types, like bladder, breast or ovarial cancer. There, the loss-of-function mutations re-sensitize these tumor types to various drugs, like EZH2-, PARP-, HDAC-, HSP90- or ATR-inhibitors. Thus, ARID1A presents as a promising target for synthetic lethality and combination therapy. In this study, we deciphered the molecular function of ARID1A and screened for the potential of two pharmacological ARID1A inhibitors as a new therapeutic strategy to treat GCTs. By CRISPR/Cas9, we generated ARID1A-deficient GCT cells and demonstrate that ARID1A regulates transcription, DNA repair and the epigenetic landscape on DNA and histone level via DNA Polymerase POLE and the DNA methyltransferase 1-associated protein DMAP1. Additionally, ARID1A deficiency or pharmacological inhibition considerably sensitized (cisplatin-resistant) GCT cells towards ATR inhibition. Thus, ARID1A might be new combination partner for ATR inhibitors in the treatment of GCTs.

2020-04-14 | PXD017898 | Pride

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