Follistatin regulates sonic hedgehog-dependent tonotopic organization of the apical cochlea responsible for low-frequency hearing
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE203228 | GEO | 2022/12/17
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Purpose: To identify how follistatin (FST) and LIN28B re-activation augments the regenerative competence of cochlear supporting cells (SCs), we used bulk-RNA sequencing to analyze the transcriptome of SC-containing control, FST, LIN28B and FST+LIN28B overexpressing organoids after 7 days of culture. The 7 day time point was chosen as it correlates with the peak of SC proliferation and presumed SC reprogramming. Methods: Samples were processed using Illumina's TruSeq stranded Total RNA kit, using the UDI indexes. The samples were sequenced on the NovaSeq 6000, paired end, 2x50 base pair reads.We used kallisto (v0.46.1) to pseudo-align reads to the reference mouse transcriptome Ensembl Mus musculus v96 and to quantify transcript abundance. The companion tool sleuth was used to determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs) comparing control to LIN28B and or FST overexpressing conditions. Results: Applying Wald test we identified 423DEGs for FST+LIN28B(q-value< 0.01), 764 DEGs for LIN28B (q-value< 0.01) and 37 DEGs for FST (q-value< 0.05). The list of downregulated genes included structural genes (Tecta, Col2a1, Col11a2, Col9a3) as well as transcription factor known to promote neuronal/glial cell differentiation (Zbtb20,Nfix, Nfib) and cochlear maturation (Thrb).The list of upregulated genes contained a large number of let-7 target genes known to promote in stemness (e.g., Hmga2, Arid3a, Trim71,Igf2bp1), and to regulate stem cell metabolism (e.g.,Hk2),as well as genes involved in cell cycle regulation (e.g.,Ccnd2,Ccnd3, Cdkn1a, Cdkn2a) and cell fate specification (e.g. Sox11).
2022-02-11 | GSE174406 | GEO
Project description:We sought to identify mechanism of NFATC4 quiescence-driven chemoresistance. RNA-Seq identified upregulation of follistatin (FST) in quiescent OvCa cells.
2022-08-10 | GSE210439 | GEO
Project description:Insulin resistance not compensated by secretion reduces energy storage, but little is known about its effect upon energy expenditure (EE). Insulin receptor substrates Irs1 and Irs2 mediate signaling in all tissues, resulting in the inhibition of FoxO transcription factors. We found that hepatic disruption of Irs1 and Irs2 (LDKO mice) attenuated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and increased whole-body EE in a FoxO1-dependent manner. Hepatic disruption of Fst (follistatin), a FoxO1-regulated hepatokine, normalized EE in LDKO mice and restored adipose mass during HFD consumption. Moreover, hepatic Fst disruption alone increased fat mass accumulation, whereas hepatic overexpression of Fst attenuated high HFD-induced obesity. Excess circulating Fst in overexpressing mice neutralized Mstn (myostatin), activating mTORC1-promoted pathways of nutrient uptake and EE in skeletal muscle. Similar to Fst overexpression, direct activation of muscle mTORC1 also reduced adipose mass. We conclude that Fst-promoted EE in muscle attenuates obesity during hepatic insulin resistance.
2024-02-29 | GSE260531 | GEO
Project description:Follistatin is a folliculogenesis regulating protein that has been found in relatively high concentration in the female ovarian tissues. Follistatin acts as an antagonist to the function of Activin, which is often found elevated in ovarian carcinogenesis and thus presents a possibility for therapeutic intervention in controlling ovarian cancer. Most of the ovarian cancer occurs in its ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) cells. Although breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) is a known tumor suppressor for breast cancer but its role in ovarian cancer is beginning to unfold. We have shown that in ovarian carcinoma cells (SKOV3), stable overexpression of BRCA1 stimulates Follistatin secretion and simultaneously downregulates Activin expression. Moreover, knock down of BRCA1 in immortalized OSE (IOSE) cells from human ovarian tissue demonstrates downregulation of Follistatin secretion with simultaneous up regulation of Activin expression. IOSE cells generated from an ovarian cancer patient with BRCA1 mutation failed to secrete Follistatin in the medium. Our results indicate a novel function for BRCA1 in the form of regulation of the expression of Follistatin in the ovarian cells. 3 treatments vs 3 controls
2011-07-02 | E-GEOD-30296 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Follistatin is a folliculogenesis regulating protein that has been found in relatively high concentration in the female ovarian tissues. Follistatin acts as an antagonist to the function of Activin, which is often found elevated in ovarian carcinogenesis and thus presents a possibility for therapeutic intervention in controlling ovarian cancer. Most of the ovarian cancer occurs in its ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) cells. Although breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1) is a known tumor suppressor for breast cancer but its role in ovarian cancer is beginning to unfold. We have shown that in ovarian carcinoma cells (SKOV3), stable overexpression of BRCA1 stimulates Follistatin secretion and simultaneously downregulates Activin expression. Moreover, knock down of BRCA1 in immortalized OSE (IOSE) cells from human ovarian tissue demonstrates downregulation of Follistatin secretion with simultaneous up regulation of Activin expression. IOSE cells generated from an ovarian cancer patient with BRCA1 mutation failed to secrete Follistatin in the medium. Our results indicate a novel function for BRCA1 in the form of regulation of the expression of Follistatin in the ovarian cells.
2011-07-02 | GSE30296 | GEO
Project description:RNA-seq was used to determine the differentially expressed genes after overexpression of two human Follistatin (FST) isoforms, FST317 and FST344 in human acute myeloid leukemia cell line ML-2.
2020-02-16 | GSE115284 | GEO
Project description:A novel long-range enhancer for Shh - Shh-Brain-Enhancer-6 (SBE6) – that is located 100kb upstream of Shh and that is required for the proper induction of Shh expression during neural differentiation ChIP-on-chip for H3K4me1 and H3K27ac in ESCs and NPCs showed a gain of these two enhancer marks in NPCs at SBE6 which identified this sequence as having potential enhancer activity.
2017-01-01 | GSE84168 | GEO
Project description:In the mammalian auditory system, frequency discrimination depends on numerous morphological and physiological properties of the organ of Corti that gradually change along the longitudinal (tonotopic) axis of the organ. For example, the basilar membrane stiffness changes tonotopically, thus affecting the tuning properties of individual hair cells. At the molecular level, those frequency-specific characteristics are mirrored by gene expression gradients; however, the molecular mechanisms controlling tonotopic gene expression in the mouse cochlea remain elusive. Through analyzing scRNA-seq data from two developmental time points, we predicted that morphogens, rather than a timing-associated mechanism, confer spatial identity in the cochlea. Subsequently, we reconstructed the developing cochlea in 3D space from scRNA-seq data to investigate the molecular pathways mediating tonotopic information. The retinoic acid and sonic hedgehog pathways were found to form opposing tonotopic gradients, and functional interrogation using mouse cochlear explants suggested that both pathways jointly specify the tonotopic axis during development.
2024-03-04 | GSE202588 | GEO
Project description:Cilia assembly, maintenance and the localization of signal-transduction proteins necessitate a functioning intraflagellar transport (IFT). The IFT machinery moves cargo along a microtubule scaffold from the proximal to the distal end of the cilium. This anterograde transport is facilitated by a large multiprotein complex IFT-B, which consists of 16 proteins in total and recruits motor protein Kinesin-2 for active movement. TTC30A and TTC30B are integral components of this complex and were shown before to have redundant function in context of IFT. One paralogue could compensate the loss of the other, preventing the disruption of IFT-B and thus a severe ciliogenesis defect with no formation of the cilium. Affinity-based protein complex analysis of endogenously tagged cells, generated via CRISPR/Cas9 system as described before, revealed paralogue specific protein interactors proposing the involvement of TTC30A or TTC30B in other ciliary functions, particularly Sonic hedgehog signaling (Shh). Defects in this ciliary signaling pathway are often correlated to synpolydactyly, which intriguingly is also linked to a rare TTC30 variant. In this study we focus on the so far unknown interaction of TTC30A with protein kinase A catalytic subunit α PRKACA, which is a negative regulator of Shh pathway. For an in-depth analysis of this unique interaction and the influence on Shh, we used previously, via the CRISPR/Cas9 system, generated TTC30A or B single- and double-knockout hTERT-RPE1 cells as well as rescue cells harboring the TTC30 mutation. Our systematic approach revealed the paralogue specific influence of TTC30A KO and mutated TTC30A on the activity of PRKACA as well as the uptake of Smoothened into the cilium resulting in a downregulation of Sonic hedgehog signaling. Affinity-based protein complex analysis of wildtype versus mutated TTC30A or TTC30B uncovered differences in interaction pattern. These interactome alterations combined with Shh downregulation suggest a possible mechanism of how mutant TTC30A and respectively TTC30A KO are linked to synpolydactyly.
2024-01-26 | PXD044183 | Pride
Project description:Intraocular medulloepithelioma (IO-MEPL) is a rare embryonal ocular neoplasm, prevalently occurring in children. IO-MEPL share histomorphological features with CNS embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), referred to as intracranial medulloepitheliomas. While Sonic hedgehog (SHH) and WNT signaling pathways are crucial for ETMR pathogenesis, the impact of these pathways on human IO-MEPL development is unclear. Gene expression analyses of human embryonal tumor samples revealed similar gene expression patterns and significant overrepresentation of SHH and WNT target genes in both IO-MEPL and ETMR. In order to unravel the function of Shh and Wnt signaling for IO-MEPL pathogenesis in vivo, both pathways were activated in retinal precursor cells in a time point specific manner. Shh and Wnt co-activation in early Sox2- or Rax- expressing precursor cells resulted in infiltrative ocular lesions that displayed extraretinal expansion. Histomorphological, immunohistochemical and molecular features showed a strong concordance with human IO-MEPL. We demonstrate a relevant role of WNT and SHH signaling in IO-MEPL and report the first mouse model to generate tumor-like lesions with features of IO-MEPL. The presented data may be fundamental for comprehending IO-MEPL initiation and developing targeted therapeutic approaches.
2022-02-15 | PXD028697 | Pride