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RNA profiling in lungs of WT and HGF transgenic mice with or without exposure to carcinogen

ABSTRACT: The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met signaling pathway is known to mediate vascularization. We have previously demonstrated that expression of a human HGF transgene in the small airways produced mice (HGF TG) that were more susceptible to the tobacco carcinogen, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). We also have observed that HGF TG mice display significantly enhanced vascularization in the lungs that increases over time compared to wild-type (WT) littermates. To analyze which genes might contribute to increased vascularization from HGF overexpression in the airways, RNA and protein were isolated from whole lungs of individual HGF TG and WT adult mice. We profiled the mRNA expression of several hundred genes representative of six biological pathways involved in transformation, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis using two commercial microarrays. Significant changes in expression over a 1.5-fold boundary were also observed in lung tumors derived from NNK-treated HGF TG mice.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE20468 | GEO | 2010/12/31

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA125013

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/c-Met signaling pathway is known to mediate vascularization. We have previously demonstrated that expression of a human HGF transgene in the small airways produced mice (HGF TG) that were more susceptible to the tobacco carcinogen, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). We also have observed that HGF TG mice display significantly enhanced vascularization in the lungs that increases over time compared to wild-type (WT) littermates. To analyze which genes might contribute to increased vascularization from HGF overexpression in the airways, RNA and protein were isolated from whole lungs of individual HGF TG and WT adult mice. We profiled the mRNA expression of several hundred genes representative of six biological pathways involved in transformation, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis using two commercial microarrays. Significant changes in expression over a 1.5-fold boundary were also observed in lung tumors derived from NNK-treated HGF TG mice. Lung tumors were induced by exposing mice to four weekly i.p. injections of 3mg NNK (15μg/μl) over 2 weeks. Whole lungs from control untreated animals were dissected after sacrifice at 10, 20, or 40 wks of age, and NNK induced lung tumors were dissected from the animals at 20 or 40 weeks of age. Total RNA was extracted from whole lung or isolated tumors from HGF TG or WT mice using TRIzol reagent and the Array Grade Total RNA Isolation Kit. The cDNA was generated and labeled using the TrueLabeling-AMP Linear RNA Amplication Kit. RNA was analyzed from 28 mice in total. The angiogenesis array was used to analyze 10 samples taken from 40 week old mice (HGF TG untreated [n=4], WT untreated [n=4], HGF TG NNK treated [n=1], WT NNK treated [n=1]) and 6 samples from 20 week old mice (HGF TG untreated [n=2], WT untreated [n=2], HGF TG NNK treated [n=1], WT NNK treated [n=1]). The cancer gene array was used to analyze 8 samples taken from 40 week old mice (HGF TG untreated [n=2], WT untreated [n=2], HGF TG NNK treated [n=2], WT NNK treated [n=2]) and 4 samples from 20 week old mice (HGF TG untreated [n=2], WT untreated [n=2]).

Project description:Purpose: Chronic pulmonary inflammation in the form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been consistently shown to increase the risk of lung cancer. Therefore, identification of chemopreventive agents with anti-inflammatory effects, in addition to antiproliferative and apoptotic activities, is indispensable. Recently, we found that combinations of silibinin (Sil) and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) significantly inhibited lung tumorigenesis induced by 4-(methylnitro-samino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and enhanced by chronic treatment with the inflammatory agent lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, we described gene expression profiling of lung tissues using RNA-seq to determine the gene expression signature in inflammation-driven lung tumors and modulation of this signature by the chemopreventive agents Sil and I3C. Methods: Total RNA extracted from lung tissues of control and treated mice were processed for mRNA sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina HiSeq 2000. The sequence reads that passed quality filters were analyzed for transcript abundance at the gene level using CLC Bio Genomics Workbench and differential gene expression analysis was performed using the built-in Empirical Analysis of Differential Gene Expression (DGE) based on 'Exact Test' method. qRTâPCR validation was performed using SYBR Green assays. Results and conclusions: We found that 330, 2,957, and 1,143 genes were differentially regulated in mice treated with NNK, LPS, and NNK + LPS, respectively. The expression of inflammation-and immunity-related genes was significantly more deregulated in lung tissues of mice treated with LPS alone compared to mice treated with NNK + LPS. Among 1,143 genes differentially regulated in the NNK + LPS group, the expression of 162 genes and associated signaling pathways were significantly modulated by I3C and/or Sil + I3C. These genes include cytokines, chemokines, and genes with a well-established role in inflammation and/or tumorigenesis such as c-ros oncogene 1 (Ros1), the EGFR ligands amphiregulin and epiregulin, Cyp1a1, and the circadian rhythm genes Arntl, and Npas2. To our knowledge, this is the first report that provides insight into genes that are differentially expressed during inflammation-driven lung tumorigenesis and the modulation of these genes by chemopreventive agents. Lung tissue mRNA profiles of mice treated with control vehicle, NNK, LPS, NNK+LPS, or NNK+LPS supplemented with chemopreventive agent(s) were generated by deep sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina HiSeq 2000.

Project description:Purpose: Chronic pulmonary inflammation in the form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been consistently shown to increase the risk of lung cancer. Therefore, identification of chemopreventive agents with anti-inflammatory effects, in addition to antiproliferative and apoptotic activities, is indispensable. Recently, we found that combinations of silibinin (Sil) and indole-3-carbinol (I3C) significantly inhibited lung tumorigenesis induced by 4-(methylnitro-samino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and enhanced by chronic treatment with the inflammatory agent lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In this study, we described gene expression profiling of lung tissues using RNA-seq to determine the gene expression signature in inflammation-driven lung tumors and modulation of this signature by the chemopreventive agents Sil and I3C. Methods: Total RNA extracted from lung tissues of control and treated mice were processed for mRNA sequencing, in triplicate, using Illumina HiSeq 2000. The sequence reads that passed quality filters were analyzed for transcript abundance at the gene level using CLC Bio Genomics Workbench and differential gene expression analysis was performed using the built-in Empirical Analysis of Differential Gene Expression (DGE) based on 'Exact Test' method. qRT–PCR validation was performed using SYBR Green assays. Results and conclusions: We found that 330, 2,957, and 1,143 genes were differentially regulated in mice treated with NNK, LPS, and NNK + LPS, respectively. The expression of inflammation-and immunity-related genes was significantly more deregulated in lung tissues of mice treated with LPS alone compared to mice treated with NNK + LPS. Among 1,143 genes differentially regulated in the NNK + LPS group, the expression of 162 genes and associated signaling pathways were significantly modulated by I3C and/or Sil + I3C. These genes include cytokines, chemokines, and genes with a well-established role in inflammation and/or tumorigenesis such as c-ros oncogene 1 (Ros1), the EGFR ligands amphiregulin and epiregulin, Cyp1a1, and the circadian rhythm genes Arntl, and Npas2. To our knowledge, this is the first report that provides insight into genes that are differentially expressed during inflammation-driven lung tumorigenesis and the modulation of these genes by chemopreventive agents.

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RNA profiling in lungs of WT and HGF transgenic mice with or without exposure to carcinogen

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