Gene expression profile at single cell level of two TDT patients' PBMCs after gene editing treatment.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE204688 | GEO | 2022/05/29
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:BCL11A represses gamma globin expression by binding to the gamma globin gene (HBG1 and HBG2) promoters. Genome editing of the BCL11A erythroid enhancer in the intron 2 of BCL11A gene or the BCL11A binding site at the HBG1/2 promoters disrupts this pathway and leads to gamma globin induction. Transcriptomic profiling of erythroid cells derived from human CD34+ cells edited at either target site using CRISPR-Cas9 revealed broader transcriptome perturbation when edited at the BCL11A erythroid enhancer.
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Project description:Genetic manipulations to increase fetal hemoglobin (HbF, α2γ2) in postnatal red blood cells (RBCs) can alleviate β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease. We compared five strategies in CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, using either Cas9 nuclease, which creates uncontrolled indel mixtures, or adenine base editors (ABE), which generate more precise nucleotide changes. The most potent modification was ABE generation of γ-globin (HBG1/HBG2) −175 A>G, which creates a promoter binding motif for the transcriptional activator TAL1. In erythroid colonies with >87.5% on-target edits, those with −175 A>G expressed 81 ± 7% HbF, versus 17 ± 11% in unedited controls. In comparison, HbF levels were lower and more variable in erythroid cells modified with either of two Cas9 nuclease strategies with similar editing efficiencies, being 32 ± 19% when a BCL11A repressor binding motif in the γ-globin promoter was targeted and 52 ± 13% when the +58 BCL11A erythroid enhancer was targeted. Contrary to currently accepted models of γ-globin regulation, HbF levels varied significantly with different Cas9 indels that disrupted the γ-globin promoter BCL11A binding motif. The −175 A>G base edit also induced HbF more potently than did the Cas9 nuclease approaches in RBCs generated after transplantation of modified normal or SCD patient CD34+ cells into mice. Our data suggest a strategy for potent, uniform induction of HbF and provide insights into γ-globin gene regulation. More generally, we demonstrate that diverse indels generated by Cas9 nuclease can cause unexpected variations in biological outcomes that can be circumvented by base editing, with important implications for therapeutic gene editing efforts.
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Project description:Here we confirm an essential requirement for the BCL11A transcription factor in fetal pDC development, and for the first time demonstrate this lineage specific requirement in the adult organism. Genome-wide analyses of BCL11A DNA binding and expression revealed that BCL11A regulates transcription of E2-2 and other pDC differentiation modulators including ID2 and MTG16. Our results identify BCL11A as an essential, lineage-specific factor that regulates pDC development.
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